| 词条 | William Greenwell |
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Canon William Greenwell, FRS, FSA, FSA Scot (23 March 1820 – 27 January 1918) was an English archaeologist and Church of England priest. LifeWilliam Greenwell was born 23 March 1820 at the estate known as Greenwell Ford near Lanchester, County Durham, England. He was the eldest son of William Thomas Greenwell (1777–1856) and Dorothy Smales.[1] He had three brothers Francis, Alan, and Henry Nicholas Greenwell, and a sister Dorothy (1821–1882) who published poetry under the name Dora Greenwell.[2] Greenwell died 27 January 1918. After an early education by Rev George Newby, he attended Durham School. One of his schoolmates was Henry Baker Tristram. He matriculated at University College, Durham in October 1836 and graduated Bachelor of Arts (BA) in June 1839. He started training to be a barrister at Middle Temple, but did not like London and returned to Durham in 1841 to study theology. He received a Master of Arts in 1843.[3] Greenwell was ordained a deacon by Bishop Edward Maltby 30 June 1844 and priest 28 June 1846. He was bursar of University College in Durham from 1844 to 1847.[3] ArchaeologyHis family estate included the site of the ancient Roman fort Longovicium. As a child he and his brother Frank would scoop out soil covering the camp, leading to his interest in archaeology. He was a founding member of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club in 1846, and later that year toured Germany and Italy. In 1852 he became principal of Neville Hall in Newcastle upon Tyne. In August 1852 he presented a paper at an Archaeological Institute there.[3] In March 1864 he excavated fourteen barrows at Danes Graves a site of the Arras Culture of the British Iron Age and was subsequently criticised by William Harrison-Broadley for his poor excavation technique.[4]{{rp|16}} Greenwell undertook a large-scale excavation of 53 barrows at Danes Graves with John Robert Mortimer between 1897–98.[4]{{rp|17}} Greenwell is also noted for his work on the Grimes Graves along with his treatises on electrum coinage of Cyzicus, and cataloguig of the Late Bronze Age finds from Heathery Burn Cave.[5] Greenwell's enormous collection of antiquities, many of which date from the Neolithic or Bronze Age period in Britain, is now in the British Museum.[6] One of his students was Augustus Pitt Rivers.[7] CareerGreenwell was appointed canon at Durham Cathedral from 1854 to his death, and became known as Canon Greenwell.[8] He was also chaplain and censor at Bishop Cosin's Hall from 1855-1863.[3] He was appointed Librarian to the Dean and Chapter of Durham from 1862 and in 1868 was elected to the Society of Antiquaries of London.[3] He was awarded the Medal of the Royal Numismatic Society in 1898.[9] TriviaHe is known as originator of "Greenwell's Glory", used in fly fishing.[10] His fishing and hunting skills developed in early childhood on the River Browney.[3] Works
Family tree{{Greenwell family tree}}See also
References1. ^{{cite book |author= Sir Bernard Burke |title=A genealogical and heraldic dictionary of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland |volume=Volume 1 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=161CAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA543 |year= 1871 |publisher=Harrison |edition= 5th |page=543 }} *Barry M. Marsden The Early Barrow Diggers Tempus 1999 (reissue of the ed. Shire Publications, 1974); pp. 33, 45, 49, 56-57, 90-91, 98-106, 109, 113, 1152. ^{{cite book |author=William Dorling |title=Memoirs of Dora Greenwell |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V355KGC-yucC&pg=PA1 |year=1885 |publisher=J. Clarke |page=1}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |title= Durham University: Earlier Foundations and Present Colleges |author= J. T. Fowler |url= https://archive.org/download/durhamuniversity00fowlrich/durhamuniversity00fowlrich.pdf |pages= 150–158 }} 4. ^1 Stead. I. 1979. Arras Culture. Yorkshire Philosophical Society: York 5. ^Greenwell, W. 1894. "Antiquities of the Bronze Age found in the Heathery Burn Cave, County Durham", Archaeologia (2nd Series, 4), 87-114 6. ^[https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/search.aspx?people=74582&peoA=74582-3-9 British Museum Collection] 7. ^{{cite web |title= Augustus Henry Lane Fox Pitt Rivers and Yorkshire |author= Alison Petch |work= England: The other within: Analysing the English Collections at the Pitt Rivers Museum |url= http://england.prm.ox.ac.uk/englishness-Pitt-Rivers-and-Yorkshire.html |accessdate=28 March 2010 }} 8. ^{{cite web |title= Canon Greenwell and the Development of Archaeology in the North of England |publisher= Department of Archeology, Durham University |url= http://www.dur.ac.uk/archaeology/research/projects/?mode=project&id=266 |accessdate= 27 March 2010 }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://numismatics.org.uk/medals-honorary-fellowship-prizes/the-societys-medal/|title=The Royal Numismatic Society-The Society’s Medal|publisher=The Royal Numismatic Society|accessdate=26 December 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web |title= Greenwell's Glory |author= Andrew N. Herd |work= A Fly Fishing History |year= 2005 |url= http://www.flyfishinghistory.com/greenwells_glory.htm |accessdate=27 March 2010 }} External links
9 : 1820 births|1918 deaths|People educated at Durham School|Alumni of University College, Durham|English archaeologists|English antiquarians|Fellows of the Royal Society|Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London|Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland |
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