| 词条 | Canyon (Rauschenberg) |
| 释义 |
| image_file= | backcolor= | painting_alignment= | image_size= | title=Canyon | artist=Robert Rauschenberg | year=1959 | type=Oil, pencil, paper, metal, photograph, fabric, wood, canvas, buttons, mirror, taxidermied eagle, cardboard, pillow, paint tube and other materials | height_metric= | width_metric= | height_imperial= | width_imperial= | metric_unit=cm | imperial_unit=in | city=New York City | museum=MOMA | accession = }} Canyon is a 1959 painting by American artist Robert Rauschenberg.[1][2] The piece is one of his most celebrated and best known works,[3] and is one of his combine paintings, which incorporated elements of sculpture into canvas-based pieces. Canyon features a taxidermied eagle, a pillow, and other elements. Canyon was subject to an ownership controversy after the death of its owner, Ileana Sonnabend, which ultimately resulted in its donation to MoMA. MaterialsBetween 1954 and 1965, Rauschenberg created "combine paintings" which involved affixing sculptural elements to more typical canvases. Elements such as photographic images, clothing and newspaper clippings could be attached either by paint, with string, or by other means. Other examples of such paintings are Reservoir and Monogram. Canyon features a taxidermied bald eagle, a pillow attached with string, a paint tube, and various textiles. The eagle was given to Rauschenberg by Sari Dienes, and formerly belonged to a Rough Rider.[4][5]Ownership historyThe painting was originally owned by Ileana Sonnabend, an art dealer, until her death. She was a friend of Rauschenberg, and considered the piece to be one of her favorites.[6] Sonnabend's heirs were forced to donate the piece after the IRS established the piece's value at $65 million and charged the Sonnabends $29 million in taxes. However, due to the bald eagle attached to the canvas, sale of the painting is a felony; as such, the estate's appraisers had placed a value of $0 on the painting, so forcing the heirs to donate.[7] Before its donation to MoMA, the piece was displayed on and off at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, due to an earlier conflict between Sonnabend and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service over the piece, which forced Sonnabend to allow Canyon to be displayed publicly in order to keep it in her possession. Although MoMA ultimately won out, the Met also attempted to persuade Sonnabend's family to donate the piece to their institution. Canyon has been part of MoMA's permanent collection since 2012. After the work was accessioned, a show celebrating both it and Sonnabend titled Ileana Sonnabend: Ambassador for the New was held at MoMA.[8]In popular cultureThe painting is featured in Eugene Lim's 2017 novel Dear Cyborgs. References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-1010/abstract-exp-nyschool/ny-school/a/robert-rauschenberg-canyon|title=Robert Rauschenberg, Canyon|last=Folland|first=Tom|publisher=Khan Academy|accessdate=14 March 2016}} {{Robert Rauschenberg}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/collection/works/165011|title=Canyon|date=21 December 2013|publisher=MOMA|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2005/robert-rauschenberg|title=Exhibition Overview|date=20 December 2005|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/explore/inside_out/2014/01/24/diving-into-rauschenbergs-canyon|title=Diving into Rauschenberg’s Canyon|last=Kim|first=Hannah|date=24 January 2014|publisher=MoMA|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324705104578151561581708972|title=The Illegal Eagle and a Baldly Grasping IRS|last=Gibson|first=Eric|date=2 December 2012|publisher=The Wall Street Journal|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/28/arts/design/moma-gains-treasure-that-metropolitan-museum-of-art-also-coveted.html|title=MoMA Gains Treasure That Met Also Coveted|last=Cohen|first=Patricia|date=28 November 2012|publisher=The New York Times|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/28/robert-rauschenbergs-canyon_n_2203680.html|title=Robert Rauschenberg's 'Canyon' Donated To MoMA (PHOTO)|last=Brooks|first=Katherine|date=28 November 2012|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/20/arts/design/ileana-sonnabend-ambassador-for-the-new-at-moma.html?_r=0|title=A Legendary Dealer’s Eagle Eye|last=Cotter|first=Holland|date=19 December 2013|publisher=The New York Times|accessdate=14 March 2016}} 3 : 1959 paintings|Paintings of the Museum of Modern Art (New York)|Birds in art |
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