“Carl F. Jordan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Carl F. Jordan grew up Maine during the 1940s and early 50s . He enjoyed the wilderness there, especially canoe trips on the Allagash and Penobscot rivers, and noticed cutting of the spruce-fir forest by the pulp and paper companies. In 1953, he enrolled at the University of Michigan and decided to major in forestry, because he believed that it could help him understand deforestation. In 1962 he enrolled in graduate school at Rutgers University where the Botany Dept. had a program in Plant Ecology; it was during this time that Carl was introduced to the concept of nutrient cycling which then led to his scientific future.

In 1966, once he acquired his Ph.D. he joined H.T. Odum in an Atomic Energy Commission project in Puerto Rico and applied the cycling concept to that of radioactive isotopes in the rain forest, for which he was awarded the Ecological Society of America’s Mercer award. In 1969, Carl moved to Argonne National Laboratory where he continued to study radioactive pollution from nuclear power plants around Lake Michigan. In 1974, he had the opportunity to lead a project for the University of Georgia near San Carlos de Rio Negro in the Amazon Region of Venezuela. Carl during this time focused on determining how forests of the Amazon survived on the nutrient-poor soils and could even flourish and support shifting cultivation. His research uncovered that nutrients from decaying organic matter on the forest floor recycled directly back into the roots of living trees. As long as the cycle was intact, the forest flourished, but destruction by agriculture or grazing cut the cycle and destroyed productive capacity. His research in this domain is well documented.

In 1980, Carl returned to the University in Athens Georgia. He began taking graduate students, while continuing his research in San Carlos, and expanding it to Brazil, Ecuador, and Thailand. Most notable projects were studies in Brazil of the Jari Plantation in Brazil, a pulp plantation of hundreds of square miles, and rehabilitation of the forests around the Carajas mines in central Amazonia. The primary concentration in all these studies was the importance of preserving the soil organic matter to keep the nutrient cycle intact and functioning.

In 1993, Carl acquired a farm near Athens Georgia that had once been part of a pre-Civil cotton plantation and began research on more sustainable ways to manage organic agriculture. He originated the first University course in Georgia on organic farming, and opened the farm to tours and classes interested in sustainable agriculture. By 2017, more than 20,000 students had toured the farm.

Carl retired as Professor Emeritus in 2009. He published 9 books, 140 professional papers, and mentored 35 graduate students. Since retirement he has continued to manage Spring Valley EcoFarms where Ecology classes continue for laboratory exercises.

Books

1.Jordan, C.F. (Editor) 1981. Benchmark Papers in Tropical Ecology.^[3] Hutchinson and Ross, Inc. Stroudsburg, Pa.

2.Jordan, C.F. 1985. [https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19860609010 Nutrient Cycling in Tropical Forest Ecosystems]. Wiley, Chichester.

3.Jordan, C.F. (Editor and author) 1987. [https://www.amazon.com/Amazonian-Rain-Forests-Disturbance-Ecological/dp/0387963979 Amazon Rain Forests: Ecosystem Disturbance and Recovery]. Springer Verlag. N.Y.

4.Jordan, C.F. 1989. An Amazonian Rain Forest. The Structure of Function of a Stressed Ecosystem and the Impact of Slash and Burn Agriculture.^[4] Man and the Biosphere Series, Volume 2. UNESCO, Paris and Parthenon, Carnforth, England.

5.Jordan, C.F., J. Gajaseni, and H. Watanabe (eds) 1992. Taungya: Forest Plantations with Agriculture in S.E. Asia.^[5] C.A.B. International, U.K.

6.Jordan, C.F. 1995 [https://books.google.com/books/about/Conservation.html?id=9m9qQgAACAAJ&source=kp_cover Conservation]:^[6] Replacing Quantity with Quality as a Goal for Global Management. (Textbook). Wiley, N.Y.^[7]

7.Jordan, C.F. 1998. [https://www.routledge.com/Working-With-Nature/Jordan/p/book/9781315079394 Working with Nature]:^[8] Resource Management for Sustainability.^[9] Harwood Academic Publishers. Overseas Publishers Association. Amsterdam.

8. Castellanet, C. and C.F. Jordan. 2004.^[10] [https://www.amazon.com/Participatory-Research-Natural-Resource-Management/dp/1560329793 Participatory Action Research in Natural Resource Management]. Taylor and Francis. UK.

9. Montagnini F. and C.F. Jordan. 2005 ^[11] Tropical Forest Ecology: [https://books.google.com/books/about/Tropical_Forest_Ecology.html?id=Mf3DsA9e0ZcC&source=kp_cover The Basis for Management and Conservation]. Springer Verlag, Berlin.

10. Jordan, C.F. 2013.^[12] [https://www.springer.com/us/book/9789400767898#otherversion=9789400797178 An Ecosystem Approach to Sustainable Agriculture]: Energy Use Efficiency in the American South. Springer Verlag. Heidelberg.

Selected Articles and Book Chapters

1. Jordan, C.F. 1968. A simple, tension-free lysimeter. Soil Science 105: 81-87.

2. Kline, J.R. and C.F. Jordan. 1968. Tritium movement in soil of a tropical rain forest. Science 160: 550-551.

3. Jordan, C.F. 1969. Derivation of leaf area index from quality of light on the forest floor.^[13] Ecology 50: 663-666.

4.Jordan, C.F., J.J. Koranda, J.R. Kline, and J.R. Martin. 1970.Tritium movement in a tropical ecosystem. BioScience 20: 807-812.

5. Jordan, C.F. 1971. Productivity of a tropical forest and its relation to a world pattern of energy storage.^[14] Journal of Ecology 59: 127-142.

6. Jordan, C.F. 1971. A world pattern in plant energetics. American Scientist 59: 425-433.

7. Jordan, C.F., J.R. Kline, and D.S. Sasscer. 1972. Relative stability of mineral cycles in forest ecosystems. The American Naturalist 106: 237-253.

8. Jordan, C.F. and J.R. Kline. 1976. Strontium-90 in a tropical rain forest: 12th year validation of a 32-year prediction. Health Physics 30: 199-201.

9. Jordan, C.F. and J.R. Kline. 1977. Transpiration of trees in a tropical rain forest.^[15] Journal of Applied Ecology 14: 853-860.

10. Jordan, C.F. and P.G. Murphy. 1978. A latitudinal gradient of wood and litter production and its implications regarding competition and species diversity in trees. American Midland Naturalist^[16] 99:415-434.

11. Stark, N. and C.F. Jordan. 1978. Nutrient retention by the root mat of an Amazonian rain forest.^[17] Ecology 59: 434-437.

12. Herrera, R. T. Merida, N. Stark, and C.F. Jordan. 1978. Direct phosphorus transfer from leaf litter to roots through mycorhizzal connections in an Amazonian rain forest. Naturwessenschaften 65:208-209.

13. Jordan, C.F., and G. Escalante. 1980. Root productivity in an Amazonian rain forest.^[18] Ecology 61: 14-18.

14. Herrera, R., C.F. Jordan, E. Medina, and H. Klinge. 1981. How human activities disturb the nutrient cycles of a tropical rainforest in Amazonia. Ambio 10: 109-114. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4312652?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents JSTOR 4312652]^[19]

15. Jordan, C.F., W. Caskey, G. Escalante, R. Herrera, F. Montagnini, R. Todd, and C. Uhl. 1982. The nitrogen cycle in a "tierra firme" rain forest on oxisol in the Amazon Territory of Venezuela. Plant and Soil 67: 325-332.

16. Jordan, C.F. and R. Herrera. 1981. Tropical rain forests: are nutrients really critical? ^[20] The American Naturalist 117: 167-180.

17. Jordan, C.F. 1982. Amazon rain forests. American Scientist ^[21] 70: 394-401.

18. Jordan, C.F. 1982. The nutrient balance of an Amazonian rain forest.^[22] Ecology 63: 647-654.

19. Smathers, W, M., C.F. Jordan, E.G. Farnworth, and T.H. Tidrick. 1983. An economic production-function approach to ecosystem management. BioScience^[23] 33: 642-646.

20. Uhl, C. and C.F. Jordan. 1984. Vegetation and nutrient dynamics during the first five years of succession following forest cutting and burning in the Rio Negro region of Amazonia.^[24] Ecology 65: 1476-1490.

21. Jordan, C.F., W. Caskey, G. Escalante, R. Herrera, F. Montagnini, R. Todd, and C. Uhl. 1982. The nitrogen cycle in a "tierra firme" rain forest on oxisol in the Amazon Territory of Venezuela. Plant and Soil 67: 325-332.

22. Jordan, C.F. 1986 Ecological effects of forest clearcutting. pp 345–357 in Committee on application of Ecological Theory to Environmental Problems, eds. Ecological knowledge and environmental problem solving. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.^[25]

23. Jordan, C.F. 1986 Ecological effects of nuclear radiation. pp. 331–344 in Committee on application of Ecological Theory to Environmental Problems, eds. Ecological knowledge and environmental problem solving. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.^[26]

24. Jordan, C.F. and C. Miller. 1995 Scientific Uncertainty as a Constraint to Environmental Problem-Solving: Large Scale Ecosystems. pp 91–117 in J. Lemons ed. Scientific Uncertainty and Environmental Problem Solving. Blackwell Scientific Publishers. Cambridge, Mass.^[27]

25. Jordan, C.F. 2002. Genetic Engineering, the Farm Crisis, and World Hunger. BioScience 52: 523-529^[28] -^[29]

26. Jordan, C.F. 2004. Organic farming and agroforestry: Alleycropping for mulch production for organic farms of southeastern United States. Agroforestry Systems 61: 79-90.

27. Carrillo Y., B.A. Ball, M.A. Bradford, C.F. Jordan, M. Molina. 2011. Soil fauna alter the effects of litter composition on nitrogen cycling in a mineral soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43: 1440-1449.

28. Carrillo, Y., C. F. Jordan, K. L. Jacobsen, K.G. Mitchell, & P. Raber. 2011. Shoot pruning of a hedgerow perennial legume alters the availability and temporal dynamics of root-derived nitrogen in a subtropical setting. Plant and Soil 345(1-2): 59-69.

29. Jordan, C.F. 2016. The Farm^[30] as a Thermodynamic System: Implications of the Maximum Power Principle

Courses Taught at the School of Ecology, University of Georgia

Membership in Professional & Environmental Organizations

Selected Awards and Recognition

(2011) Conservationist of the Year Award Oconee River Soil & Water Conservation District^[33]

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecology.uga.edu/facultyMember.php?Jordan-28/|title=University of Georgia: School of Ecology|website=www.ecology.uga.edu|access-date=2017-10-11}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=http://news.uga.edu/releases/article/carl-f-jordan-new-book-sustainable-agriculture-1013/|title=UGA’s Carl F. Jordan to discuss new book on sustainable agriculture|access-date=2017-10-11|language=en}}
3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7553921|title=Tropical ecology|date=1981|publisher=Hutchinson Ross Pub. Co.|others=Jordan, Carl F.|isbn=978-0879333980|location=Stroudsburg, Pa.|oclc=7553921}}
4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19589904|title=An Amazonian rain forest : the structure and function of a nutrient stressed ecosystem and the impact of slash-and-burn agriculture|date=1989|publisher=UNESCO|others=Jordan, Carl F.|isbn=9780940813823|location=Paris, France|oclc=19589904}}
5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27728371|title=Taungya : forest plantations with agriculture in Southeast Asia|date=1992|publisher=C.A.B. International|others=Jordan, Carl F., Jiragorn Gajaseni, 1952-, Watanabe, Hiroyuki, 1939-|isbn=978-0851988016|location=Wallingford, Oxon, UK|oclc=27728371}}
6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Samson|first=Fred|date=1996|editor-last=Kim|editor-first=Ke Chung|editor2-last=Weaver|editor2-first=Robert D.|editor3-last=Jordan|editor3-first=Carl F.|title=Two Approaches to Conservation|jstor=1312953|journal=BioScience|volume=46|issue=5|pages=378–379|doi=10.2307/1312953}}
7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cromartie|first=William J.|date=1996|title=Review of Conservation: Replacing Quantity with Quality as a Goal for Global Management|jstor=3037889|journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology|volume=71|issue=1|pages=142–143|doi=10.2307/3037889|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
8. ^{{Cite journal|last=Pearson|first=Scott M.|date=2000|title=Review of Working with Nature: Resource Management for Sustainability|jstor=2664331|journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology|volume=75|issue=2|pages=207|doi=10.2307/2664331|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
9. ^{{Cite book|title=9057025426|last=Jordan|first=Carl|publisher=Routledge|year=1998|isbn=978-9057025426|location=|pages=}}
10. ^{{Cite book|title=Participatory Action Research in Natural Resource Management: A Critque of the Method Based on Five Years' Experience in the Transamozonica Region of Brazil|last=Jordan|first=Carl|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|isbn=978-1135465230|location=|pages=}}
11. ^{{Cite book|title=Tropical Forest Ecology|language=en-gb|doi=10.1007/b138811|series = Tropical Forestry|year = 2005|isbn = 978-3-540-23797-6|last1 = Montagnini|first1 = Florencia|last2=Jordan|first2=Carl F|last3=Jordan|first3=Institute of Ecology Carl F}}
12. ^{{Cite book|title=An Ecosystem Approach to Sustainable Agriculture|volume = 1|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|language=en-gb|doi=10.1007/978-94-007-6790-4|series = Environmental Challenges and Solutions|year = 2013|isbn = 978-94-007-6789-8}}
13. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|date=1969-07-01|title=Derivation of Leaf-Area Index from Quality of Light on the Forest Floor|journal=Ecology|language=en|volume=50|issue=4|pages=663–666|doi=10.2307/1936256|issn=1939-9170|jstor=1936256}}
14. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|date=1971|title=Productivity of a Tropical Forest and its Relation to a World Pattern of Energy Storage|jstor=2258457|journal=Journal of Ecology|volume=59|issue=1|pages=127–142|doi=10.2307/2258457}}
15. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|last2=Kline|first2=Jerry R.|date=1977|title=Transpiration of Trees in a Tropical Rainforest|jstor=2402816|journal=Journal of Applied Ecology|volume=14|issue=3|pages=853–860|doi=10.2307/2402816}}
16. ^{{Cite journal|date=1978|title=Volume Information|jstor=2424927|journal=The American Midland Naturalist|volume=99|issue=1|pages=1–4|doi=10.2307/2424927|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
17. ^{{Cite journal|last=Stark|first=Nellie M.|last2=Jordan|first2=Carl F.|date=1978|title=Nutrient Retention by the Root Mat of an Amazonian Rain Forest|jstor=1936571|journal=Ecology|volume=59|issue=3|pages=434–437|doi=10.2307/1936571}}
18. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|last2=Escalante|first2=Gladys|date=1980-02-01|title=Root Productivity in an Amazonian Rain Forest|journal=Ecology|language=en|volume=61|issue=1|pages=14–18|doi=10.2307/1937148|issn=1939-9170|jstor=1937148}}
19. ^{{Cite journal|jstor = 4312652|title = How Human Activities Disturb the Nutrient Cycles of a Tropical Rainforest in Amazonia|journal = Ambio|volume = 10|issue = 2/3|pages = 109–114|last1 = Herrera|first1 = Rafael|last2 = Jordan|first2 = Carl F|last3 = Medina|first3 = Ernesto|last4 = Klinge|first4 = Hans|year = 1981}}
20. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|last2=Herrera|first2=Rafael|date=1981|title=Tropical Rain Forests: Are Nutrients Really Critical?|jstor=2460498|journal=The American Naturalist|volume=117|issue=2|pages=167–180|doi=10.2307/2460498|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
21. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|date=1982|title=Amazon Rain Forests: Although similar in structure to forests in other regions, Amazon rain forests function very differently, with important implications for forest management|jstor=27851547|journal=American Scientist|volume=70|issue=4|pages=394–401|doi=10.2307/27851547|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
22. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|date=1982-06-01|title=The Nutrient Balance of an Amazonian Rain Forest|journal=Ecology|language=en|volume=63|issue=3|pages=647–654|doi=10.2307/1936784|issn=1939-9170|jstor=1936784}}
23. ^{{Cite journal|last=Smathers|first=Webb M.|last2=Jordan|first2=Carl F.|last3=Farnworth|first3=Edward G.|last4=Tidrick|first4=Thomas H.|date=1983|title=An Economic Production-Function Approach to Ecosystem Management|jstor=1309493|journal=BioScience|volume=33|issue=10|pages=642–646|doi=10.2307/1309493}}
24. ^{{Cite journal|last=Uhl|first=Christopher|last2=Jordan|first2=Carl F.|date=1984|title=Succession and Nutrient Dynamics Following Forest Cutting and Burning in Amazonia|jstor=1939128|journal=Ecology|volume=65|issue=5|pages=1476–1490|doi=10.2307/1939128}}
25. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42328934|title=Ecological knowledge and environmental problem-solving : concepts and case studies|date=1986|publisher=National Academy Press|others=National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Applications of Ecological Theory to Environmental Problems.|isbn=978-0309036450|location=Washington, DC|oclc=42328934}}
26. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/42328934|title=Ecological knowledge and environmental problem-solving : concepts and case studies|date=1986|publisher=National Academy Press|others=National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Applications of Ecological Theory to Environmental Problems.|isbn=978-0309036450|location=Washington, DC|oclc=42328934}}
27. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32968916|title=Scientific uncertainty and environmental problem solving|date=1996|publisher=Blackwell Science|others=Lemons, John.|isbn=978-0865424760|location=Cambridge, Mass.|oclc=32968916}}
28. ^{{Cite journal|last=F.|first=Jordan, Carl|date=2002-06-01|title=Genetic Engineering, the Farm Crisis, and World Hunger|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/52/6/523/240347/Genetic-Engineering-the-Farm-Crisis-and-World|journal=BioScience|language=en|volume=52|issue=6|pages=523|doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0523:GETFCA]2.0.CO;2|issn=0006-3568}}
29. ^{{Cite journal|last=F.|first=Jordan, Carl|date=2002-06-01|title=Genetic Engineering, the Farm Crisis, and World Hunger|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/52/6/523-529/240347|journal=BioScience|language=en|volume=52|issue=6|pages=523|doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0523:GETFCA]2.0.CO;2|issn=0006-3568}}
30. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Carl F.|date=2016-12-01|title=The Farm as a Thermodynamic System: Implications of the Maximum Power Principle|journal=BioPhysical Economics and Resource Quality|language=en|volume=1|issue=2|pages=9|doi=10.1007/s41247-016-0010-z|issn=2366-0112}}
31. ^{{Cite journal|date=1964|title=SIGMA XI-RESA GRANTS-IN-AID OF RESEARCH: Report of the Awards made by the Grants-in-Aid of Research Committee for 1964|jstor=27839066|journal=American Scientist|volume=52|issue=3|pages=250A–265A|doi=10.2307/27839066|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
32. ^{{Cite journal|date=1973|title=Mercer Award for 1973|jstor=20165967|journal=Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America|volume=54|issue=4|pages=8|doi=10.2307/20165967|doi-broken-date=2018-09-02}}
33. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecology.uga.edu/newsItem.php?Carl_Jordan_and_Spring_Valley_EcoFarms_receive_conservation_award-152/|title=Carl Jordan and Spring Valley EcoFarms receive conservation award|website=University of Georgia: School of Ecology|access-date=2017-10-11}}