| 词条 | William Lederer |
| 释义 |
| name = William Lederer | image = | imagesize = | caption = | pseudonym = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1912|3|31}} | birth_place = New York City, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2009|12|5|1912|3|31}} | death_place = Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. | occupation = American author | nationality = | period = | genre = | subject = | movement = | debut_works = | spouse = Ethel Hackett (1940-1965) (3 children) Corinne Lewis (1965-1976)[1] | partner = | children = W. Jonathan Lederer Brian J. H. Lederer Bruce Allen Lederer[2] | relatives = | influences = | influenced = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}William Julius Lederer, Jr. (March 31, 1912 – December 5, 2009) was an American author and naval officer.[3] BiographyAfter dropping out of high school Lederer enlisted in the navy in 1930. He graduated from the US Naval Academy in 1936. His first appointment was as the junior officer of the USS Tutuila, a river gunboat on the Yangtze River. With the advent of World War Two, he was a line officer in Asia, and then in the Atlantic theater, serving as a ship's navigation officer in the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily. He was eventually posted to the Pentagon as a public information officer, and then served the same duty as special assistant to CINCPAC, Hawaii.[2] His best selling work, 1958's The Ugly American, was one of two novels he co-wrote with Eugene Burdick, a former navy lieutenant commander and Oxford don. Disillusioned with America's diplomatic efforts in Southeast Asia, Lederer and Burdick sought to demonstrate that American officials and civilians could make a substantial difference in Southeast Asian politics if they were willing to learn local languages, follow local customs and employ regional military tactics. They were concerned that if American policy makers continued to ignore the logic behind these lessons, Southeast Asia would fall under Soviet or Chinese influence. In the book's epilogue they argue for the creation of “a small force of well-trained, well-chosen, hard-working and dedicated professionals” fluent in the local language — presaging the Peace Corps, which John F. Kennedy proposed in 1960.[4] In A Nation of Sheep, Lederer identified intelligence failures in Asia. Having spent later years of his naval service as a public information officer, first at the Pentagon, then at Pearl Harbor Hawaii,[5] where he was special assistant to Admiral Felix Stump, the U.S. Pacific Fleet Commander.[2] In Government by Misinformation he investigates the sources he believes lead to American foreign policy:
Other works were intended to be light-hearted and humorous fantasies. His early works, All the Ship's at Sea and Ensign O'Toole and Me are both. A children's book, Timothy's Song, with illustrations by Edward Ardizzone, appeared in 1965. William Lederer rose to the rank of Navy Captain.[3] In Our Own Worst Enemy Lederer relates that, as a young Navy Lieutenant, Junior Grade in 1940, he had a chance meeting with a Jesuit priest, Father Pierre Cogny, and his Vietnamese assistant, "Mr. Nguyen", while waiting out a Japanese bombing raid in China. Father Pierre asked Lederer if he had a copy of the United States Declaration of Independence on his gunboat, and Lederer said that he did and provided them with a copy. "Mr. Nguyen" was eager to deliver the document to "Tong Van So" who later became known as Ho Chi Minh, the Vietnamese Communist revolutionary and statesman who served as prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1945–1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). The 1945 Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, written by Ho Chi Minh, begins by quoting from the American document.[6] This book describes how the United States supported a corrupt President Ngo Diem in South Vietnam, ignored massive black market selling of stolen U.S. military supplies, food, and foreign aid, and refused to stand up to corrupt local officials who stole donated food and supplies, took kickbacks and bullied their own population, as we continued saying "It's their country, and we Americans are only guests here." Lederer died December 5, 2009, of respiratory failure at the age of 97. Eugene Burdick collaborations
Selected works
References1. ^{{cite web |title=William J. Lederer Papers |url=http://scua.library.umass.edu/ead/mums158.pdf |publisher=UMass Amherst |work=Special Collections & University Archives |date=2013 |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite news |first=Bruce |last=Weber |title=William J. Lederer, Co-Author of ‘The Ugly American,’ Dies at 97 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/14/arts/14lederer.html?_r=0 |work=The New York Times |date=January 14, 2010 |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 3. ^1 {{cite news |first=Matt |last=Schudel |title=Novel 'The Ugly American' blasted policy in Southeast Asia |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/09/AR2010010902148.html |work=The Washington Post |date=January 10, 2010 |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 4. ^{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Meyer |title=Still ‘Ugly’ After All These Years |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/12/books/review/Meyer-t.html |work=The New York Times |date=July 10, 2009 |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 5. ^Anna Der-Vartanian#Navy career 6. ^{{cite web |first=Paul |last=Halsall |title=Vietnamese Declaration of Independence, 1945 |url=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1945vietnam.html |work=Modern History Sourcebook |publisher=Fordham University |date=August 1977 |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Lederer |first1=William J. |authorlink1=William Lederer |last2=Burdick |first2=Eugene |authorlink2=Eugene Burdick |title=Sarkhan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hPhaAAAAMAAJ |year=1965 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |oclc=1061482}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Lederer|first1=William J|authorlink1=William Lederer|last2=Burdick|first2=Eugene|authorlink2=Eugene Burdick|title=The Deceptive American|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZnrIAAACAAJ|date=November 1977|publisher=W. W. Norton|isbn=978-0-393-08802-1|oclc=3203901}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=The Last Cruise |url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/3022850-the-last-cruise |work=Goodreads |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} 10. ^{{cite web |title=William J. Lederer |url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/49285.William_J_Lederer |work=Goodreads |accessdate=January 11, 2017}} External links
14 : 1912 births|2009 deaths|20th-century American novelists|American male novelists|American naval personnel of World War II|American science fiction writers|Futurologists|Writers from Baltimore|United States Naval Academy alumni|United States Navy officers|Writers from New York City|20th-century American male writers|Novelists from New York (state)|Novelists from Maryland |
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