| 词条 | Carrigadrohid hydroelectric power station |
| 释义 |
| name = Carrigadrohid hydroelectric power station | name_official = | image = Carrigadrohid hydroelectric power station.JPG | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map = Ireland | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|51.897175|N|8.86382|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | country = | location = | status = O | construction_began = 1952 | opening = 1957 | demolished = | cost = | owner = ESB Group | dam_type = Gravity | dam_height = {{convert|22|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}[1] | dam_height_thalweg = | dam_height_foundation= | dam_length = {{convert|130|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = | dam_volume = | dam_elevation_crest = | dam_crosses = | spillway_count = 3 | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | res_name = | res_capacity_total = | res_capacity_active = | res_capacity_inactive= | res_catchment = {{convert|616|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}[2] | res_surface = {{convert|9|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} | res_elevation = | res_max_depth = | res_max_length = | res_max_width = | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = 1957 | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = 1 x 8 MW Kaplan-type[3] | plant_capacity = 8 MW | plant_annual_gen = {{convert|22|GWh|TJ|abbr=on}}[4] | website = | extra = }}Carrigadrohid hydroelectric power station is a hydroelectric plant located on the River Lee in County Cork, Ireland. It is owned and operated by the ESB Group. ConstructionThe Carrigadrohid hydroelectric plant, along with its sister plant constructed {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=off}} downstream on the River Lee at Inniscarra, formed the fourth major hydroelectric development undertaken by ESB. Construction of the reinforced concrete gravity dam started in 1952 and was complete in 1957.[1] The dam is {{convert|130|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|22|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} high, and operates with an average head of {{convert|13|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.[4] It is constructed of nine blocks, each between {{convert|30|and|61|ft|m|abbr=off|order=flip}} in length, and is fitted with three ground sluices and a spillway weir.[2] Generating capacityThe plant consists of a single Kaplan turbine rated at {{convert|8|MW|hp|abbr=on}} manufactured by Voith. It spins at 167 r.p.m. and feeds a single 11,500 kVA Siemens generator running at 10.5 kV.[3] The average output for the station is {{convert|22|GWh|TJ|abbr=on}} a year.[4] Impact on floodingAccording to Cawley et al, the construction of this dam and the one at Inniscarra "have reduced significantly the extent and frequency of flooding along the Lee valley into Cork City".[5] Prior to the construction, there were a number of fatal floodings in the city of Cork, including one on 2 November 1853 that killed 12 people.[5] Impact on wildlifeAs part of the construction of the reservoir to power the plant, 60% of the Gearagh, an ancient alluvial forest, was flooded.[6] The stocks of animals like trout, otters, eels and freshwater pearl mussels were also negatively impacted by the construction.[7] Many species, including freshwater pearl mussels, Atlantic salmon, whooper swans, kingfishers and otters, can still be seen in the area and the reservoir has been designated a European Union Special Area of Conservation.[8] There is a salmon hatchery where over a million smolts are reared every year, of which over 100,000 are released into the river.[4] References1. ^1 {{cite book|last=O'Keefe|first=J.D.|chapter=The contribution to society of Irish Hydro-electric dams|title=Reservoirs in a Changing World|editor-last=Tedd|editor-first=Paul|publisher=Thomas Telford|place=London|year=2002|pages=19-20}} {{stack|{{Portal|Ireland|Water|Renewable energy}}}}{{Electricity generation in Ireland}}2. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Fitzpatrick|first1=J.|last2=Bree|first2=T.|title=Flood risk management through reservoir storage and flow control|journal=National Hydrology Seminar 2001|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Thomas_Bree2/publication/266222823_FLOOD_RISK_MANAGEMENT_THROUGH_RESERVOIR_STORAGE_AND_FLOW_CONTROL/links/54adbd5a0cf24aca1c6f6c2a.pdf|year=2001|accessdate=8 August 2017|pages=91-93}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=River Lee Generating Stations|publisher=ESB Public Relations Office|url=https://esbarchives.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/river-lee-hydro-electric-scheme-2-pr-pamphlet.pdf|accessdate=15 April 2018}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=The River Lee Hydroelectric Scheme|publisher=ESB Public Relations Office|url=https://esbarchives.ie/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/river-lee-hydro-electric-scheme-pr-pamphlet.pdf|accessdate=15 April 2018}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Cawley|first1=A.M.|last2=Cunnane|first2=C.|last3=Cunnane|first3=C.|last4=Sheridan|first4=T.|title=A Selection of Extreme Flood Events: The Irish Experience|journal=Proceedings of the National Hydrology Seminar, Tullamore, Co. Offaly|year=2005|pages=19-20}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=O'Connor|first=William|title=Are Ireland’s Large Hydroelectric Schemes Sustainable?|year=2015|url=https://oldrivershannon.com/2015/08/27/are-irelands-large-hydroelectric-schemes-sustainable/|publisher=Old River Shannon Trust|accessdate=8 August 2017}} 7. ^{{cite article|last=Browne|first=Bill|title=Damning film lifts lid on River Lee 'tragedy'|journal=Irish Independent|url=http://www.independent.ie/regionals/corkman/news/damning-film-lifts-lid-on-river-lee-tragedy-30721525.html|year=2014|accessdate=8 August 2017}} 8. ^{{cite web|author=NPWS|title=The Gearagh SAC|url=https://www.npws.ie/sites/default/files/publications/pdf/The%20Gearagh%20SAC%20(000108)%20Conservation%20objectives%20supporting%20document%20-%20[Version%201].pdf|year=2016|publisher=National Parks and Wildlife Service|page=3|accessdate=8 August 2017}} 3 : Hydroelectric power stations in the Republic of Ireland|Gravity dams|Dams completed in 1957 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。