| 词条 | William McGonagle | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name= William Loren McGonagle |birth_date= {{Birth date|1925|11|19}} |death_date= {{Death date and age|1999|3|3|1925|11|19}} |birth_place= Wichita, Kansas, U.S. |death_place= Palm Springs, California, U.S. |placeofburial= Arlington National Cemetery, Virginia, U.S. |placeofburial_label= Place of burial |image= WilliamMcGonagle.jpg |caption=William Loren McGonagle, October 1967, recipient of the Medal of Honor. |nickname= |allegiance={{flagu|United States|1960}} |branch={{Naval|United States}} |serviceyears= 1944–1974 |rank= {{Dodseal|USNO6|25}} Captain |commands= {{USS|Liberty|AGTR-5|6}} |unit= |battles= World War II Korean War Vietnam War |awards= Medal of Honor |laterwork= }} William Loren McGonagle (November 19, 1925 – March 3, 1999) was a United States Naval officer who received the Medal of Honor for his actions while in command of the {{USS|Liberty|AGTR-5|6}} when it was attacked by Israel in the Eastern Mediterranean on June 8, 1967 during the Six-Day War. After accepting a commission in the US Navy in 1944 McGonagle held various assignments before taking command of the Liberty in 1966. In June 1967 the Liberty was sailing in international waters in the Eastern Mediterranean when it was attacked by the Israel Defense Forces, injuring McGonagle, killing and injuring other members of his crew, and severely damaging the ship. He maintained control of the ship until help arrived, and after healing from his wounds was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on the Liberty in 1968. He continued his navy career, holding several more positions until retiring in 1974. When he died in 1999 he was buried at Arlington National Cemetery with full military honors a short distance from the graves of some of his crew who were killed during the attack. BiographyMcGonagle was born November 19, 1925 in Wichita, Kansas. After attending secondary school and college in California, he enlisted in the Navy in 1944 and for the next three years participated in a Navy training program at the University of Southern California. In June 1947 he accepted a commission into the Navy as an ensign.[1] He was assigned to the destroyer {{USS|Frank Knox|DD-742|6}} and after that was posted to the minesweeper {{USS|Partridge|AMS-31|6}} from 1947–1950. During the Korean War he served on the minesweeper {{USS|Kite|AMS-22|6}} during the extensive operations that earned him and the other members of the crew a Presidential Unit Citation. From 1951 to 1966, he was assigned to various positions ashore and afloat, including commands of the fleet tug {{USS|Mataco|AT-86|6}} from 1957–1958 and the salvage ship {{USS|Reclaimer|ARS-42|6}} from 1961–1963.[1] He took command of the USS Liberty in April 1966. On June 8, 1967, during the Six-Day War between Israel and her Arab neighbors, the Liberty was attacked by Israeli forces while sailing in international waters in the Eastern Mediterranean.[1] The Israeli government claims to this day that they thought that the ship was an Egyptian vessel. Israel relentlessly attacked the Liberty with jets, helicopters, and motor torpedo boats. McGonagle was severely wounded during the first air attack and although the bridge had sustained heavy damage he stayed and directed the defense of the ship, refusing to leave his post for medical attention. As the Israeli fighters continued their attack he maneuvered his ship, directed its defense, supervised the control of flooding and fire, and saw to the care of the casualties. Captain McGonagle remained at his battle station and continued to command his ship for more than 17 hours. It was only after rendezvous with a U.S. destroyer that he relinquished personal control of the Liberty and permitted himself to be removed from the bridge.[2] The combined air and sea attack killed 34 crew members including naval officers, seamen, two Marines, and a civilian, wounded 171, and severely damaged the ship. Although the ship had a 39 ft (12 m) wide by 24 ft (7.3 m) high hole and a twisted keel from a torpedo impact, the crew kept the ship afloat, and were able to leave the area under their own power. When the damage to the ship was assessed 821 rocket, shell, and machine-gun holes were found in the ship's hull.[3] The Medal of Honor was presented to him, in secret, at the Washington Navy Yard by the Secretary of the Navy, rather than at the White House by the President.[4] This represents the only time a Medal of Honor recipient was awarded in such a manner. After being promoted to captain in October 1967 and recovering from his wounds he was given command of the new ammunition ship {{USS|Kilauea|AE-26|6}}. His last command was as the Commanding officer of the NROTC Unit at the University of Oklahoma. He retired from active duty in 1974.[1] On March 3, 1999 he died in Palm Springs, California and, following services at the Post Chapel at Fort Myer, Virginia, he was buried with full military honors on April 9, 1999 at Arlington National Cemetery with members of his USS Liberty crew in attendance. His grave can be found in section 34, lot 208 map grid U/V 11 near the common gravesite of six other members of the USS Liberty crew.[3] Awards and honors
Medal of HonorMedal of Honor citationThe President of the United States of America, authorized by an Act of Congress, June 11, 1968, has awarded, in the name of Congress, the Medal of Honor to {{center|CAPTAIN WILLIAM LOREN MCGONAGLEUNITED STATES NAVY}} {{quote|For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as Commanding Officer, {{USS|Liberty|AGTR-5}} in the Eastern Mediterranean on 8–9 June 1967. Sailing in international waters, the Liberty was attacked without warning by jet fighter aircraft and motor torpedo boats which inflicted many casualties among the crew and caused extreme damage to the ship. Although severely wounded during the first air attack, Captain (then Commander) McGonagle remained at his battle station on the badly damaged bridge and, with full knowledge of the seriousness of his wounds, subordinated his own welfare to the safety and survival of his command. Steadfastly refusing any treatment which would take him away from his post, he calmly continued to exercise firm command of his ship. Despite continuous exposure to fire, he maneuvered his ship, directed its defense, supervised the control of flooding and fire, and saw to the care of the casualties. Captain McGonagle's extraordinary valor under these conditions inspired the surviving members of the Liberty's crew, many of them seriously wounded, to heroic efforts to overcome the battle damage and keep the ship afloat. Subsequent to the attack, although in great pain and weak from the loss of blood, Captain McGonagle remained at his battle station and continued to command his ship for more than seventeen hours. It was only after rendezvous with a United States destroyer that he relinquished personal control of the Liberty and permitted himself to be removed from the bridge. Even then, he refused much needed medical attention until convinced that the seriously wounded among his crew had been treated. Captain McGonagle's superb professionalism, courageous fighting spirit, and valiant leadership saved his ship and many lives. His actions sustain and enhance the finest traditions of the United States Naval Service.[2]}}Other honorsA Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars was dedicated to McGonagle for Veterans Day in 1999, recognizing him as one of five Medal of Honor recipients from the Southern California desert area.[5] The Captain William L. McGonagle Branch Medical/Dental Clinic was dedicated at Naval Security Group Activity Northwest, Chesapeake VA, on December 5, 1997. This is believed to be one of the few times in history a U.S. Naval building has been dedicated in honor of a living sailor.[6] See also{{Portal|Biography|United States Navy|World War II}}
Notes1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web |accessdate=February 18, 2010 |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/pers-us/uspers-m/w-mcgngl.htm |title=Captain William L. McGonagle, USN, (1925–1999) |publisher= Naval Historical Center |date=January 14, 2001}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web |accessdate=February 29, 2012 |url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/vietnam-m-z.html |title = Medal of Honor recipients |work = Vietnam War (M–Z) |publisher= United States Army Center of Military History |date = June 27, 2011}} 3. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wlmcgon.htm |title=William Loren McGonagle, Captain, United States Navy |publisher=Arlington National Cemetery profile |accessdate=July 23, 2006}} 4. ^Thurber 1999. 5. ^Palm Springs Walk of Stars: By Date Dedicated {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208224143/http://www.palmspringswalkofstars.com/web-storage/Stars%20by%20date/Stars%20dedicated%20by%20date.pdf |date=2012-12-08 }} 6. ^http://home.roadrunner.com/~gidusko/liberty/honors.txt External links and further reading
|url=http://www.mishalov.com/McGonagle.html |title=William McGonagle, 73, Hero of Israel Attack on the Liberty |author=Eric Page |date=March 9, 1999 |work=The New York Times |accessdate=July 23, 2006}}
|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/services/newspaper/eedition/chi-liberty_tuesoct02,0,3794785,full.story |title=New revelations in attack on American spy ship |author=John Crewdson |date=October 2, 2007 |work=The Chicago Tribune |accessdate=February 23, 2010}}
|url=http://www.ussliberty.org/ |title=USS Liberty Memorial |accessdate=July 23, 2006}}
|accessdate=February 18, 2010 |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-l/agtr5.htm |title=USS Liberty (AGTR-5), 1964-1970 |publisher= Naval Historical Center |date=January 14, 2001}}
|accessdate=February 18, 2010 |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-l/agtr5-k.htm |title=USS Liberty (AGTR-5) – Attack by Israeli forces, 8 June 1967 |publisher= Naval Historical Center |date=January 14, 2001}}
|accessdate=February 23, 2010 |url=http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3319663041501647311&ei=8N-BS-KPLYrk-Aaujem9DQ&q=bbc+uss+liberty# |title=Dead in the Water |publisher= BBC Four Documentaries |date=August 21, 2004}}
|url=http://www.ussliberty.org/latimes.htm |title= Capt. William McGonagle; Won Medal of Honor After Israelis Attacked Ship |author=Jon Thurber |work=Obituaries |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=March 11, 1999 |accessdate=July 23, 2006}}
|author=Cristol, A. Jay |title=The Liberty Incident: The 1967 Israeli Attack on the U.S. Navy Spy Ship |url=http://www.thelibertyincident.com |location=Dulles, Virginia |publisher=Brassey's |year=2002 |isbn=1-57488-414-X}}
|21178 |William L. McGonagle |work=Arab-Israeli War Medal of Honor Recipient |author=John "J-Cat" Griffith |date=Apr 8, 2001 |accessdate=Nov 3, 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McGonagle, William}} 11 : 1925 births|1999 deaths|USS Liberty incident|United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients|United States Navy officers|American naval personnel of World War II|American naval personnel of the Korean War|American naval personnel of the Vietnam War|Military personnel from California|People from Palm Springs, California|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery |
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