| 词条 | Casa chorizo |
| 释义 |
Casa Chorizo is a type of house that was built in the late 19th and early 20th century, mainly in Buenos Aires and Rosario, but later also in other cities in Argentina. The house has a typical rectangular layout and on one of its long sides it has an outdoor patio. The square rooms are centered around this patio, without an internal hallway. To access another room, either one must walk through the patio to go to another room or walk through the doors between 2 adjacent rooms (privacy was in those times less of a concern). That gives these types of houses its typical casa chorizo name, as chorizo is a common Argentinean sausage that has several small sausages connected to each other through a string, that resembles the rooms in these houses. HistoryFrom 1850 large immigration waves from middle-class families leaving mainly Italy and Spain moved to Buenos Aires and increased the population significantly. To make more efficient use of the space in the city, these types of houses were developed and built. Most of the houses originate between 1880 and 1930.[1] The origin of these houses is based on Roman houses, Pompeyan houses and traditional colonial urban livings from Rio de Plata. These patio houses are centered around square patios and split in 2 “L” shapes houses with each owning half the patio. They were built completely with stone bricks and to show the socio-economic status of the homeowner and family, the house façade possesses Italian style ornaments on the front street façade (fachadas) including columns, capitals, emblems together with high windows and high doors as house decoration. Casas chorizos can be found throughout the city of Buenos Aires, in San Telmo, Palermo[2] and Almagro neighborhoods, but also in other cities such as Rosario and La Plata. Dimensions and layoutThe typical dimensions of these houses are based on the old city measurements that used varas. The colonial block of houses measured 150 varas and each house width was given 10 varas, that is 8.66 metres. The house length varies between 16 and 30 meters and dependent on the terrain (that could go up till half a block deep, around 50 meters), the house can have an additional back garden. Most of these houses are located with its short side to the street and its long side into the block of houses, so that multiple houses could be built next to each other. But some rare houses are built with the long side to the street and provides light from the street as well as from the internal patio. The rooms measure 4x4 meters. As the rooms all have doors and windows above the doors to the internal patio to ventilate the roomspaces Also, the ceiling height that measures between 4-5 meters high helps further to accommodate the high summer heat as well the colder winter temperatures in Argentina. In addition, these livings also have floor ventilation space underneath the house. These ventilation spaces are connected through air vents that can be seen in the facade front wall below and above the windows. The houses are rectangular shaped with all rooms interconnected, and the houses are entered from one of the short sides. The layout is based on a “hierarchy of rooms”.[3] The bathrooms, kitchen and dining room are furthest away from the entrance. These rooms could be connected with a small patio. The next rooms are the children’s room, grandparent's room, parents' room and a parents’ activities room. From the outside, the first area is the hallway, and through a door one you can enter the patio and the main social room. The closer and more intimate visitors are to the family, the deeper they get invited into the house. OnNe can either enter the rooms through the different doors in each of the rooms, or one can walk through the gallery in the patio, typically a part with a small roof to protect against the rain and sun. Heritage and revivalAs these houses were built with bricks and have high quality to last, are well ventilated, provide large living space as well as the rise of popularity in heritage, these houses are becoming popular again.[3] Most of them continue as family houses and are modernized. In most cases the internal walls between the rooms are broken open to provide more space and garages and mezzanines are built to make better use of the height of the house. In some cases, the roofs are also converted in terraces to provide more open space. In some neighborhoods such as Palermo and San Telmo, these houses are also converted in offices, doctor practices, lawyer offices, fashion boutique shops, bars, and even restaurants. However, as the terrain prices rise, some owners sell their houses to be converted into high rise buildings. There are initiatives ongoing to protect this heritage. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arquitectuba.com.ar/casa-chorizo-una-vivienda-buenos-aires-bastante-peculiar/|title=Casa Chorizo, una vivienda de Buenos Aires bastante peculiar|date=27 February 2018|website=Arquitectuba.com|accessdate=16 December 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090521100754/http://estatico.buenosaires.gov.ar/areas/turismo/letras/casachorizo_es5.pdf|title=Wayback Machine|date=21 May 2009|website=Web.archive.org|accessdate=16 December 2018}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://inmendoza.com/tendencias/el-revival-de-la-casa-chorizo/|title=El revival de la casa chorizo|date=10 October 2013|website=Inmendoza.com|accessdate=16 December 2018}} External links
2 : House types|Architecture of Argentina |
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