| 词条 | Catherine Amanda Coburn |
| 释义 |
| name = Catherine Amanda Coburn | embed = | honorific_prefix = | honorific_suffix = | image = Souvenir of Western Women 0181 Coburn.png | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | pseudonym = | birth_name = Catherine Amanda Scott | birth_date = November 30, 1839 | birth_place = Groveland, Illinois, U.S. | death_date = {{dda|1913|5|27|1839|11|30}} | death_place = Portland, Oregon, U.S. | resting_place = River View Cemetery, Portland | occupation = journalist, newspaper editor | language = English | residence = | nationality = American | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | period = | genre = | subject = | movement = | notableworks = | spouse = {{marriage|John Read Coburn|1857|1868|reason=died}} | partner = | children = 4 | relatives = Abigail Scott Duniway, sister Harvey W. Scott, brother Leslie M. Scott, nephew | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | years_active = | module = | website = | portaldisp = }} Catherine Amanda Coburn (November 30, 1839 – May 27, 1913) was an American pioneer of the Oregon Territory who, entering the workforce after the untimely death of her husband, became a teacher and school principal and, subsequently, a renowned newspaper editor. A century after her birth, she and her elder sister were described by an Oregon historian as "probably Oregon's two greatest women journalists." She was active in civic life, especially in her later years; though she did not identify as a "suffragette," she did actively support the cause of women's suffrage, among various charitable and civic causes. Early yearsCatherine (nickname, "Kate"{{sfn|Shein|Penry|2002|p=18}} or "Kit"{{sfn|Wadsworth|2003|p=170}}) Amanda Scott Coburn was born in Groveland, Illinois, November 30, 1839{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1940|p=396}} to John Tucker Scott (1809–1880), originally of Washington County, Kentucky, and Ann Roelofson Scott (1811–1852), originally of Henderson County, Kentucky.{{sfn|Cutter|1922|p=4}} She had eight siblings: James, Mary, Abigail, Margaret, Harvey, Harriet, John, Edward, Sarah, William, and Alice. She also had two half-siblings, Ellen and Ward.{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1997|p=157}} On April 1, 1852 the Scott family, along with several others, started for the Oregon Territory, taking the Oregon Trail with a caravan of ox teams. The journey took six months. Ann died on June 20, 1852 when they were in the Black Hills, at a point in the trail about {{convert|70|miles}} north of the present city of Cheyenne, Wyoming. She had been sick for only a few hours with what was known as 'plains cholera.' Her husband and nine children, aged from three years and six months to nineteen years, were with her in a shelter tent when she died.{{sfn|Esarey|1921|p=97}}{{sfn|Douthit|1905|p=173}} Amanda's brother "Willie" also died on the Oregon Trail.{{sfn|Wadsworth|2003|p=170}}). Abigail, then seventeen years old, kept a journal during the family's trip west.{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1918|loc=News and Comment}} In later years, Abigail, Harvey, and Kate would go on to share an affinity for the newspaper trade.{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1997|p=157}} In 1857, Catherine married John Read Coburn (1830–1868). The two built a house in Canemah[1] and had four daughters: Agnes, Ada, Camilla, and Kate. Upon John's death in 1868, Catherine became a schoolteacher at Canemah. According to her later account, she was denied her requested salary of {{US$}}50 per month, on the basis that the school could "get a man" to teach for that amount. She accepted a salary of $40 per month, continuing in the position for four years, but carried a "rankling sense of injustice." She described the incident as her "first lesson in equal rights."[2] She then became principal of the Forest Grove school, a position she held for two years.{{sfn|Douthit|1905|p=173}}{{sfn|Duniway|2001|p=33}}{{sfn|Gaston|1911|loc=Volume 3: John Tucker Scott}} Career in journalismIn 1874 and for the next five years, Coburn began her career in journalism as associate editor with her sister, Abigail Scott Duniway, editor and publisher of the New Northwest.{{sfn|Duniway|2000|p=207}} Coburn evinced a rare degree of journalistic ability. Beginning in 1879, she served for five years as editor in chief of the Portland Daily Bee.{{sfn|Douthit|1905|p=173}}{{sfn|Gaston|1911|loc=Volume 3: John Tucker Scott}} In the 1880s, Coburn served as associate editor of the Evening Telegram for at least five years, through a period of numerous changes in leadership.{{sfn|Turnbull|1939|loc=The Evening Telegram }} In 1888, she transferred to the editorial staff of the Oregonian, which owned the Telegram. She contributed over the ensuing quarter-century to the daily, weekly, and Sunday editions of the newspaper.{{sfn|Gaston|1911|loc=Volume 1, Chapter 29}} Her ability to cover local incidents and interests in editorial comment was credited to her personal connection with the pioneer experience.{{sfn|Douthit|1905|p=173}} She remained with the Oregonian as an associate editor until her death in 1913.{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1997|p=157}}{{sfn|Duniway|2001|p=33}} Among her accomplishments as an editorial writer, she was known for "tender tributes to pioneer builders of the Pacific Northwest."[3] Later yearsCoburn was active in civic affairs, especially later in life. She was president of the Allen Preparatory School in Portland, founded in 1901 and incorporated in 1905.{{sfn|Gaston|1911|loc=Volume 1, Chapter 20}} She was a member of the Oregon Pioneer Association{{sfn|Oregon Pioneer Association. Reunion|1902|p=396}} and a charter member of the Portland Woman's Union, which she represented in bringing a complaint about a Portland schoolteacher.[4] Coburn was elected president of the Woman's Union in 1906.[5] When her sister Abigail brought national woman suffrage leader Susan B. Anthony to Portland's Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition, Catherine was among those in the receiving line at her speech.[6] Coburn disavowed the term "suffragette," but supported women's suffrage.[2] She died, following a long illness,[7] in Portland, on May 27, 1913,{{sfn|Holmes|Duniway|1995|p=33}}{{efn|Oregon Historical Society (1940) records date of death as May 28.{{sfn|Oregon Historical Society|1940|p=396}} }} Leslie M. Scott, her nephew and fellow journalist, praised her career in an obituary;[3] she was buried in that city's River View Cemetery. She left an estate valued at {{USD}}14,000 to her daughter Ada and to the children of Agnes and Camilla.[8] George Turnbull, historian of Oregon newspapers, described Catherine and Abigail in 1939 as "probably Oregon's two greatest women journalists.{{sfn|Turnbull|1939|loc=Harvey Scott, the Leader}} Notes{{notelist}}ReferencesCitations1. ^{{cite news |title=Moss-Grown Canemah Conjures Days of '50s |date=July 26, 1914 |work=The Sunday Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83045782/1914-07-26/ed-1/seq-54/ }} 2. ^1 {{cite news |title=Why We Should Vote: Mrs. Catherine A. Coburn Relates Instances of Injustice | date=February 25, 1912 |work=The Sunday Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1905-07-01/ed-1/seq-11/ }} 3. ^1 {{cite news |title=Tribute Paid to Late Catharine A. Coburn: Tender Tributes to Pioneers of Northwest, by Late Writer, Distinguishing Mark of Editorial Page |first=Leslie |last=Scott |date=May 30, 1913 |work=The Morning Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1913-05-30/ed-1/seq-20/}} 4. ^{{cite news |title=Serious Charges Against Teacher: Said to have appeared in his class room in condition of intoxication | date=December 6, 1904 |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn85042444/1904-12-06/ed-1/seq-6/ |work=The Oregon Daily Journal }} 5. ^{{cite news |title=New President Portland Woman's Union |work=The Oregonian |date=May 6, 1906 |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1906-05-09/ed-1/seq-9/ }} 6. ^{{cite news |title=Ovation Given Miss Anthony: Leader of Equal Suffrage Warmly Greeted at the Exposition | date=July 1, 1905 |work=The Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1905-07-01/ed-1/seq-11/ }} 7. ^{{cite news |title=Mrs. Coburn Improving |date=November 24, 1912 |work=The Sunday Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83045782/1912-11-24/ed-1/seq-45/ }} 8. ^{{cite news |title=City News in Brief: Mrs. Coburn's Estate $14,000 |date=June 5, 1913 |work=The Morning Oregonian |url=https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1913-06-05/ed-1/seq-11/ }} Bibliography
External links{{wikisource author|Catherine Amanda Coburn}}
11 : 1839 births|1913 deaths|American women journalists|19th-century American journalists|19th-century American newspaper editors|People from Tazewell County, Illinois|Writers from Illinois|Writers from Oregon|Journalists from Oregon|Editors of Oregon newspapers|Women newspaper editors |
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