“Chamberlin Springs”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin, or T.C. as he liked to be known, was a geologist, entrepreneur, and occasional administrator.^[1] Chamberlin moved near Beloit, Wisconsin at a young age and his parents settled the 160 acres where the site lies today. While his brother John stayed and worked on the family farm, T.C. went to school at Beloit College.^[1] In 1875, the brothers began to market the site as a water source, but it quickly became a regional sensation with bottles being distributed and sold throughout the Midwest.^[1]^[2] In the meantime, T.C. worked as a high school principal, Beloit College professor, and accomplished geologist.^[1] He even worked for two of Beloit's largest manufacturing companies, serving as the Director of the Rock River Paper Company and the Vice President of Merrill and Houston Iron Works.^[4] After his death in 1928, the property was passed down to T.C.'s son, Rollin Chamberlin.^[5]^[6] For more information, see T.C. Chamberlin.

Iodo-Magnesian Spring Company

During its years of operation, Chamberlin Springs was managed by the Iodo-Magnesian Spring Company. The company managed to draw regional attention to the springs by marketing the curative properties of the water. According to an 1870s brochure put out by the group, the iodine and bromine contents, lack of organic material, and minerals such as lime gave the water remarkable purity.^[3] These qualities, they claimed, gave the water healing properties for a wide variety of health issues such as diabetes, liver ailments, rheumatism, and kidney disease.^[3] Development around the springs included a large gazebo, stairs, and landscaping, which enticed visitors from as far Milwaukee, Chicago, and St. Louis to visit the springs and stay in nearby Beloit.^[1]^[7] For those unable to reach the springs, the Iodo-Magnesian Company ran a business which distributed and sold the water by the bottle, keg, and even barrel.^[1]

Popularity

At the peak of its of fame, the site could garner quite the gathering on the weekends. Drinking from the waters was a social event and guests hosted often large picnics in the grassy clearing just above the springs.^[8] In fact, the old road leading to the springs suffered from heavy erosion due to the heavy traffic the springs brought, prompting city officials to consider building a trolley line to the area.^[7] Guests from far away would sometimes even stay in the Chamberlin family home nearby.^[8]

Beloit College ownership

Scientific work

Some biological and geological has been done on Chamberlin Springs. A chemical analysis by the Columbia College Laboratory of the School of Mines was done back in the 1800s at the request of the Chamberlin brothers and placed in a brochure about the "Iodo-Magnesian Springs", advertising its "grains [of different chemicals] in one gallon."^[3] 12 different chemicals are identified in the water, and then a few "points of excellence" are identified regarding them. More recently in 1992, a different chemical analysis was done on the springs in order to determine the effects of springs on a stream system.^[10] This analysis focuses on how the actual springs influence the creek that they are a part of, as well as how the different rock styles from the Rock River Basin area affect the stream. Additionally, students attending Beloit College also continue to perform research about various topics on site, including hydrology and sustainability.^[1]

Archaeological work

As of May 2017, no archaeological work has been done on the Chamberlin Springs site. Possible archaeological techniques for examining the site include dendrochronology, Ground Penetrating Radar, Geographic Information Systems Analysis (GIS), and shovel excavations.

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹{{Cite news|url=http://magazine.beloit.edu/?story_id=245131&issue_id=245012|title=Chamberlin Springs Stages a Comeback|last=Morgan|first=John|date=2014|work=Beloit College Magazine|access-date=May 1, 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
2. ^¹{{Cite news|url=https://www.beloit.edu/archives/documents/archival_documents/chamberlin_springs/|title=CHAMBERLIN SPRINGS: REST & RESEARCH SINCE 1875|last=Cupps|first=Sarah|date=1984|work=Beloit Magazine|access-date=May 1, 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
3. ^¹²³“Iodo-Magnesian Springs, Beloit, - Wisconsin,” ca 1876, Archives of Beloit Historical Society, Beloit, Wisconsin.
4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?printsec=frontcover&output=reader&id=c1RSZ0EZVIIC&pg=GBS.PA741|title=The History of Rock County, Wisconsin: Its Early Settlement, Growth, Development, Resources, Etc|date=1879-01-01|publisher=Western historical Company|language=en}}
5. ^¹²{{Cite web|url=https://www.beloit.edu/sustainability/pathways/sust_fellows/prev_proj/chamberlin/|title=Sustainability at Beloit College: Chamberlin Springs Restoration: Environmental Writing {{!}} Beloit College|website=www.beloit.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-05-05}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://academic.emporia.edu/aberjame/histgeol/chamber/chamber.htm|title=History of geology--Chamberlin|website=academic.emporia.edu|access-date=2017-05-05}}
7. ^¹{{Cite news|url=|title=Springs of yesteryear silent today|last=Moon|first=Lynda|date=June 21, 1993|work=Beloit Daily News|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
8. ^¹{{Cite news|url=|title=Springs brought ailing throngs to Beloit area|last=Mills Enking|first=Minnie|date=January 14, 1984|work=Beloit Daily News|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.beloit.edu/campus/news/?story_id=331658|title=SPACES: Chamberlin Springs, a hidden retreat|work=the Terrarium|access-date=2017-05-06|language=en}}
10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Powers|first=Karyn|date=1992|title=Chemical and Physical Effects of a Springs on a Stream System|url=http://keckgeology.org/files/pdf/symvol/5th/Wisconsin/powers.pdf|journal=Keck Research Symposium in Geology|volume=5|pages=242–247}}