“Charles J. Stolbrand”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Charles J. Stolbrand (1821-1894), was a sergeant in the Swedish artillery who emigrated to the United States, becoming a brigadier general in the Union Army during the Civil War, and a carpetbagger in South Carolina after the war.

Early life

Stolbrand was born as one of nine illegitimate children of Adolf Fredrik Tornérhjelm, a nobleman and manor owner, with his mistress Christina Möller, a chambermaid at the manor. At the age of 18, in 1839, Stolbrand enlisted in the Royal Wendish Artillery, at the same time changing his family name from Möller, to Ståhlbrand. In 1850 he resigned from the Swedish army, and emigrated to the United States with his wife and a three-year-old son.^[3] ^[4] Stolbrand first settled in New York City in 1852 and then eventually made his way to Chicago with his family, earning his livelihood as a land surveyor, and clerk in the Cook County Recorder's Office. He participated actively in the city's political and social life, being one of the founders of the Svea Society, a middle class Swedish-American secular association, serving as its president for several years.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Civil War

At the beginning of the Civil War, Stolbrand raised a volunteer artillery company, but it was not accepted into service, as Illinois' quota already had been filled. However, when a new call for troops came, he raised another artillery company that, later in 1861, became Battery G, 2nd Illinois Light Artillery, with himself as captain. After about a month's service, Stolbrand was promoted to major.^[8]^[9]^[10] He served in the Army of the Tennessee, as Chief of Artillery, Third Division, XVII Corps, and as Chief of Artillery, XVII Corps, in both instances under John A. Logan as commander of the division and the corps.^[11] Stolbrand became a prisoner of war in September 1864, incarcerated in Columbia, South Carolina, but exchanged within a month^[12]^[13] In 1865, he was promoted to brigadier general, becoming commander of Second Brigade, Fourth Division, XVII Army Corps.^[9] ^[14] Colonel Hans Mattson tells us in his memoirs, that it was General Sherman himself who arranged with President Lincoln to have Stolbrand promoted, since he otherwise would have resigned.^[15]

South Carolina

After the war, Stolbrand settled in Beaufort, South Carolina where he had a plantation. He became active in Republican politics; was secretary of the state constitutional convention of 1868, a delegate to the Republican National Convention, and a presidential elector the same year. Stolbrand was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1868, but resigned in 1869, when he were appointed superintendent of the state penitentiary, an office he held until 1873. He was later accused by the anti-Reconstruction elements in the legislature, of embezzlement while in office. In 1876 he became superintendent of construction of the customs house in Charleston, an office he held until the building was finished the following year. In 1880 Stolbrand was appointed federal storekeeper and gauger, and also ran and lost against D. Wyatt Aiken in the congressional elections of that year. During President Harrison's administration he was superintendent of federal buildings in Charleston.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]

Personal life

Stolbrand married Maria Sophia Petersson, the daughter of a sergeant-major in the same regiment as his. The couple had three children in Sweden, but two died before their departure for America. In their adopted country, they had another four children; three daughters and a son.^[3] The son eventually served six years as a lieutenant in the U.S. Army.^[9] Stolbrand died in 1894 of influenza, that resulted in a collapsed lung.^[20]

References

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|title=Charles John Stolbrand|url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/cjstolbrand.htm|website=Arlington National Cemetery Website|accessdate=2016-10-19}}
2. ^Johnson & Peterson 1880, p. 279.
3. ^¹Olsson & Wikén 1995, p. 435-436.
4. ^Scheutz 2004, p. 75.
5. ^Meijer & al. 1904–1926, vol. 27, p. 553.
6. ^Olson 1917, p. 105, 175.
7. ^Beijbom 1971, p. 281.
8. ^Olson 1917, p. 105.
9. ^¹²Heitman 1903, vol. 1, p. 928.
10. ^Barnickel 1998, p. 60.
11. ^Welcher 1998, vol. 1, p. 1007; vol. 2, pp. 257, 304, 873, 875, 881, 892, 902.
12. ^Olson 1917, p. 106.
13. ^{{cite web|title=Union Officer Prisoners Imprisoned in Columbia Military Prison from Illinois Units|url=http://www.sciway3.net/cmp-csa/y/cmp_p_il.html|website=Columbia Military Prison POWs. Richland Jail, Camps Sorghum and Lunancy|accessdate=2016-10-21}}
14. ^Welcher 1998, vol. 2, pp. 312-313.
15. ^Mattson 1890, p. 111.
16. ^{{cite web|title='Interview with Stolbrand', The Anderson Intelligencer March 3, 1881|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/73823790/|website=The Intelligencer from Anderson, South Carolina|accessdate=2016-10-21}}
17. ^Reynolds 1905, pp. 79, 102, 107, 489.
18. ^Olson 1917, p. 108.
19. ^Mancini 1996, p. 204.
20. ^Welsh 1996, p. 322.

Cited literature