| 词条 | Winchester, Idaho |
| 释义 |
| official_name = Winchester, Idaho | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = File:Lewis County Idaho Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Winchester Highlighted 1687850.svg | map_caption = Location of Winchester in Lewis County, Idaho. | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|46|14|27|N|116|37|24|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Idaho | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Lewis | established_title = | established_date = | government_type = | government_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Randolph D. Stewart[1] | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = [2] | area_total_km2 = 0.44 | area_total_sq_mi = 0.17 | area_land_km2 = 0.44 | area_land_sq_mi = 0.17 | area_water_km2 = 0.00 | area_water_sq_mi = 0.00 | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = 3980 | population_footnotes = [3] | population_total = 340 | population_as_of = 2010 | pop_est_footnotes = [4] | population_est = 347 | pop_est_as_of = 2016 | population_density_km2 = 784.43 | population_density_sq_mi = 2029.24 | population_note = | timezone = Pacific (PST) | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = PDT | utc_offset_DST = -7 | postal_code_type = ZIP code | postal_code = 83555 | area_code = 208 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 16-87850 | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 0375955 | website = }} Winchester is a city in western Lewis County, Idaho, United States, located on the Camas Prairie in the north central part of the state. The population was 340 at the 2010 census, up from 308 in 2000. HistoryWinchester is within the Nez Perce Indian Reservation,[3] and similar to the opening of lands in Oklahoma, the U.S. government opened the reservation for white settlement in November 1895. The proclamation had been signed less than two weeks earlier by President Cleveland.[4][5][6][7] The city was named in 1900 during a meeting to establish a school district. While considering the possibilities, an individual looked at the stack of Winchester rifles at the door and suggested the name, which was approved.[8][9] The sawmill closed in May 1965 after the mature timber in the area had been cut.[10] The mill was operated by Boise Cascade for its final five years; its closure followed a fire which destroyed much of downtown Winchester in November 1964.[11][12][13][14] A half mile (1 km) outside of town is Winchester Lake State Park, planned in 1966[15] and established in 1969.[16] Originally it was a mill pond, created in 1910 by damming Lapwai Creek.[17] Water quality issues at the lake[18][19] were addressed with the installation of aeration units in 2002.[20][21] GeographyWinchester is located at {{Coord|46|14|27|N|116|37|24|W|type:city}} ,[22] at an elevation of {{convert|3980|ft|m|-1}} above sea level.[23] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|0.18|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.[24] Climate{{Weather box|location = Winchester, Idaho (3972 feet) |single line = Y |Jan high F = 36.6 |Feb high F = 39.7 |Mar high F = 45.3 |Apr high F = 52.3 |May high F = 59.6 |Jun high F = 66.7 |Jul high F = 76.7 |Aug high F = 78.0 |Sep high F = 68.9 |Oct high F = 56.2 |Nov high F = 42.1 |Dec high F = 34.7 |year high F= 54.7 |Jan mean F = 29.5 |Feb mean F = 31.4 |Mar mean F = 36.3 |Apr mean F = 42.0 |May mean F = 48.6 |Jun mean F = 54.8 |Jul mean F = 62.1 |Aug mean F = 62.6 |Sep mean F = 54.8 |Oct mean F = 44.9 |Nov mean F = 34.8 |Dec mean F = 27.7 |year mean F = 44.1 |Jan low F = 22.3 |Feb low F = 23.0 |Mar low F = 27.4 |Apr low F = 31.8 |May low F = 37.5 |Jun low F = 43.0 |Jul low F = 47.5 |Aug low F = 47.2 |Sep low F = 40.7 |Oct low F = 33.7 |Nov low F = 27.5 |Dec low F = 20.6 |year low F= 33.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 1.73 |Feb precipitation inch = 1.44 |Mar precipitation inch = 2.36 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.44 |May precipitation inch = 3.00 |Jun precipitation inch = 2.23 |Jul precipitation inch = 1.20 |Aug precipitation inch = 1.04 |Sep precipitation inch = 1.28 |Oct precipitation inch = 1.76 |Nov precipitation inch = 2.46 |Dec precipitation inch = 1.58 |year precipitation inch=22.52 |Jan snow inch = 17.0 |Feb snow inch = 11.0 |Mar snow inch = 13.9 |Apr snow inch = 8.1 |May snow inch = 1.8 |Jun snow inch = 0.2 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0.1 |Oct snow inch = 1.4 |Nov snow inch = 13.8 |Dec snow inch = 14.8 |source 1 = NOAA (normals 1981−2010)[25] }} Demographics{{US Census population|1920= 745 |1930= 665 |1940= 634 |1950= 488 |1960= 427 |1970= 274 |1980= 343 |1990= 262 |2000= 308 |2010= 340 |estyear=2016 |estimate=347 |estref=[26] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[27] }} 2010 censusAs of the census[28] of 2010, there were 340 people, 134 households, and 84 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1888.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 167 housing units at an average density of {{convert|927.8|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 92.1% White, 1.2% African American, 3.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.1% of the population. There were 134 households of which 20.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.2% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.75. The median age in the city was 50.4 years. 17.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.6% were from 25 to 44; 39.4% were from 45 to 64; and 21.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.1% male and 47.9% female. 2000 censusAs of the census[29] of 2000, there were 308 people, 135 households, and 88 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,699.7 people per square mile (660.7/km²). There were 158 housing units at an average density of 871.9 per square mile (338.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.81% White, 1.30% Native American, 1.30% from other races, and 2.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.32% of the population. There were 135 households out of which 20.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 5.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.74. In the city, the population was spread out with 17.5% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 37.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $40,179. Males had a median income of $35,625 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,588. About 8.1% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 3.8% of those sixty five or over. TransportationHighway
The city is two miles (3 km) west of U.S. Route 95, which connects it to Craigmont to the east and Lewiston to the northwest, via the Lapwai Canyon. Until 1960, US 95 was routed through Winchester on this spur and descended Culdesac Hill ({{coord|46.332|-116.633}}), considered the worst of the three major grades (White Bird, Lewiston), all of which were extremely twisty.[30] The new route through Lapwai Canyon was built in three years and reduced the distance by over {{convert|4|mi|km}} and saved 25 minutes of driving time.[31][32] The earlier road was completed in 1923.[33] The first organized road race on the old road took place in 1964; among the participants in the hill climb was Bob Knievel of Butte, Montana, later known as Evel Knievel.[34] The timber trestles of the former Camas Prairie Railroad are visible throughout the area. EducationThe public schools are in Craigmont, operated by the Highland Joint School District #305, led by Highland High School. The consolidated district was formed in 1962; prior to that Winchester had its own schools and the high school's mascot was a logger.[35] In popular cultureIn the television series Death Valley Days, the episode “The Thirty-Caliber Town” dramatized how Winchester rifles gave the town its name. An epilogue featuring host Robert Taylor and Lester Shadduck, the mayor of Winchester, was shot on location in 1967.[36] See also{{portal|Idaho}}
References1. ^lewiscountyid.us - sample ballot - Nov 2011 2. ^{{cite web|title=2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2016_Gazetteer/2016_gaz_place_16.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jul 26, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nezperce.org/rezinfo/npreservation.htm|publisher=Nez Perce Tribe|title=The Nez Perce Reservation and its location|accessdate=November 27, 2012}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lYNfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uzAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3160,3901168|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Hamilton|first=Ladd|title=Heads were popping up all over the place|date=June 25, 1961|page=14}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qJxfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4374,7048300|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Brammer|first=Rhonda|title=Unruly mobs dashed to grab land when reservation opened|date=July 24, 1977|page=6E}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OZ5fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1072,1295368|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=3,000 took part in "sneak" when Nez Perce Reservation was opened|date=November 19, 1931|page=3}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cgpWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=veEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4420,8604920|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|title=Nez Perce Reservation|date=December 11, 1921|page=5}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JLpeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=mjAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1014%2C765472|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Town of Winchester named through a stack of rifles|date=October 6, 1955|page=11}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=34NfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wzAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5485,2911946 |newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=There is usually a logical reason for the name a town ends up with|date=February 25, 1990 |page=11-Centennial }} 10. ^Conley, Cort. Idaho for the Curious. Cambridge: Backeddy, 1982, 623. {{ISBN|0-9603566-3-0}}. 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=M7BYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nvcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6460,4393021|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|title=Idaho sawmill to close soon|date=March 17, 1965|page=7}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8ltYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lvcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7361,6475548|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|title=Devastating fire hits Winchester|date=November 25, 1964|page=6}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lNxXAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5OgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7542,3104632|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|agency=Associated Press|title=Devastating fire hits Idaho town|date=November 26, 1964|page=6}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_1pYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lfcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6618,1774604|newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|title=Mill will quit fire-hit town|agency=Associated Press|date=December 8, 1964|page=6}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=K59fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2zEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4242,1030192|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Recreation area planned around Winchester lake|date=June 5, 1966|page=11}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3L9eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WjEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4860,3307819|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Winchest offers alternative to roaring rivers|date=June 14, 1996|page=5A}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JVspAAAAIBAJ&sjid=xOUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2207,4507483|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|last=Starmont|first=Leon|title=Winchester, Idaho, named for a rifle|date=January 28, 1951|page=12-Inland Empire}} 18. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1qteAAAAIBAJ&sjid=si4MAAAAIBAJ&pg=4031,1125164|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Walker|first=Jodi|title=Man-made Winchester Lake has special kind of problems|date=December 5, 1998|page=5A}} 19. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-rVeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2993,481244|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Too much of a good thing|date=June 17, 1999|page=1C}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GscjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=L9EFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4586,4981140|newspaper=Moscow-Pullman Daily News|agency=Associated Press|title=Lake getting oxygen boost from Idaho department|date=May 10, 2002|page=3A}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3u8jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=StEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2062,2271106 |newspaper=Moscow-Pullman Daily News|last=Demick|first=Mike|title=Winchester Lake water project nears completion|date=November 18, 2002|page=1C}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}} 23. ^{{gnis|375955}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68hmXDfkx?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-06-26 |df= }} 25. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datasets/normal_mly/stations/GHCND:USC00109846/detail | title = Normals Monthly Station Details | accessdate = June 26, 2015 | publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration }} 26. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}} 28. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-18}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=v8peAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ljIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2634,522029|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Carter|first=Jack|title=Winding Winchester grade won't bother much longer|date=July 4, 1960|page=10}} 31. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=y3tfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2y8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=5817,201284|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Culdesac cutoff finished in 1960 |date=January 2, 1961|page=5}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wIJfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kTAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1356,7872902|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|last=Hughes|first=John B.|title=New Culdesac cutoff to be scenic wonder|date=June 29, 1958|page=1-sec.2}} 33. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WpFfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5DAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2821,2274642|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Winchester celebrating new Culdesac hill highway|date=August 3, 1923|page=6}} 34. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-tBaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UjIMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3410,5412984|title=Drivers test Winchester grade in prelude to hill climb today|date=May 31, 1964 |page=10}} 35. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=r79eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6117,2417399|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title=Highland picked as name for new consolidated high school|date=October 16, 1962|page=9}} 36. ^{{cite web|url= https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0959050/ |title= The Thirty-Caliber Town |publisher=Internet Movie Data Base |date=12 April 1968 |accessdate=6 July 2017}} External links{{commons category|Winchester, Idaho}}
4 : Cities in Lewis County, Idaho|Cities in Idaho|1900 establishments in Idaho|Populated places established in 1900 |
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