| 词条 | Wing Luke |
| 释义 |
|name = Wing Luke | native_name = {{zh|t=陸榮昌|p=Lù Róngchāng|j=Luk6 Wing4coeng1}} | native_name_lang = Cantonese |image = Image:Wing Luke in kitchen, circa 1963.jpg |image_size = |smallimage = |alt = |caption = Wing Luke in kitchen, circa 1963 |office = Assistant Attorney General of Washington |governor = |term_start = 1957 |term_end = 1962 |predecessor = |successor = |office2 = Member of the Seattle City Council for position 5 |term_start2 = March 13, 1962 |term_end2 = 1965 |predecessor2 = |successor2 = |birth_date = {{birth date|1925|2|25}} |birth_place = Near Canton, China |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1965|5|16|1925|2|5}} |death_place = |party = |alma_mater = University of Washington, Seattle University of Washington School of Law, Seattle }} Wing Chong Luke (February 25, 1925 – April 28, 1965, {{zh|t=陸榮昌|p=Lù Róngchāng|j=Luk6 Wing4coeng1}}) was Assistant Attorney General of the U.S. state of Washington in the Civil Rights Division from 1957 to 1962, and a member of the Seattle City Council from March 13, 1962 until his death in 1965. He was the first Asian American to hold elected office in the state. Early lifeLuke was born on February 25, 1925, in a small town near Canton. His grandfather had run a laundry in Seattle, but exclusion laws forced Luke's father to return to China.[1] When Luke was five, his family moved to the United States,{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} but he did not settle in Seattle until 1931, at the age of six.[1] Upon its arrival in Seattle, the family saved to open a modest laundry and grocery store{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} in the University District.[2] Luke was the oldest of six children.[3] While in school, Luke was often teased for his Chinese origins. However, he eventually became the Roosevelt High School student body president. In 1944, his grades and civic activities earned him one of nine slots,{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} as a high school consultant for the White House Conference on juvenile problems.[4] Education and careerOnly halfway through his senior year of high school, Luke was inducted into the US Army. Initially in the Army Specialized Training Program, he then joined the infantry and field artillery and was acting first sergeant and regimental S-1 sergeant in the 40th division Field Artillery.{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} He served in Guam, Korea, New Guinea, New Britain and the Philippines, where he received the Bronze Star Medal and six combat stars.[2][5] Following his service, Luke entered the University of Washington. As in high school, Luke was a prominent leader. He was President of his sophomore class, the U.W. YMCA, the Baptist-Disciples' Student Center, the U.W. Red Cross, U.W. Young Democrats, and the committee chairman of A.S.U.W. Publications.{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} He graduated from the university with a B.A. in political science and public administration. He did graduate work in the same fields at the American University in Washington, D.C. He then attended the UW School of Law to earn an LL.B.[2][3] Initially in private practice,{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} he soon was appointed the Assistant Attorney General of the State of Washington, in the Civil Rights Division and served in that capacity from 1957 to 1962.[2][5] In December, 1961 Luke took a leave of absence from his duties to file for position number 5 on the Seattle City Council. Running on the slogan "You are not electing a platform, but a Councilman," Luke maintained a pragmatic position on the issues.[5] Despite having to defend against criticism of "fence sitting,"{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} accusations of communism, and racial slurs,{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}} Luke won the council seat with a landslide of 30,000 votes and was sworn in on March 13, 1962. He became the first Asian American to hold elected office in the Pacific Northwest as well as the first person of color to hold a Seattle City Council seat.[4] Death and legacyOn May 16, 1965, Luke was in a fatal plane crash with two others in Okanogan County while returning from a fishing trip. The wreckage was not found in the Cascade Mountains for more than three years.[2] Luke is the namesake of multiple institutions. Friends and other supporters of Luke who raised money to search for him started the Wing Luke Memorial Foundation.[5] The money went to the founding of the Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience in 1966 to fulfill his vision of a place to present the histories and cultures of Asian immigrants and present-day issues of Asian Americans. The museum remains located in Seattle Chinatown-International District.[3][4] The Seattle school South Van Asselt School was renamed the Wing Luke Elementary School in 1969.[6] In 2015, the Washington State Attorney General's office created the Wing Luke Civil Rights Unit to investigate issues related to discrimination and civil rights.[7] Politician Gary Locke has named Luke as an inspiration.[1] ViewsLuke saw many of his contemporaries forced to live in racialized pockets like Beacon Hill (largely Asian Americans) and the Central District (largely African Americans) and felt strongly that the ability to decide where one will live should be a basic right of all citizens.{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} Knowing firsthand the effects of racial discrimination, Luke was instrumental in Seattle's passing of an Open Housing Ordinance in 1963 with punitive provisions against racial discrimination in the selling or renting of real estate.[5] He also fought for civil rights, Indian fishing rights, urban renewal and historic preservation. He was particularly concerned with preservation of Seattle's Central Waterfront, Pioneer Square, and Pike Place Market.[1][4] He was affiliated with a number of community organizations, including the Urban League, Chinese Community Service Organization, Japanese American Citizens League, and the Jackson Street Community Council.[2][3] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |last=Stripling |first=Sherry |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/entertainment/wing-luke-the-man-behind-the-museum/ |title=Wing Luke: the man behind the museum |work=Seattle Times |publisher=The Seattle Times Company |date=2005-02-25 |accessdate=2015-09-20 }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Luke, Wing}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=HistoryLink.org |title=Luke, Wing (1925-1965) |url=http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=2047 |publisher=HistoryLink |location=Seattle, WA |accessdate=2015-09-20 }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |last=Ramirez |first=Marc |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/wing-lukes-vision-lives-in-new-museum/ |title=Wing Luke's vision lives in new museum |work=Seattle Times |publisher=The Seattle Times Company |date=2008-05-25 |accessdate=2015-09-20 }} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.wingluke.org/about |title=About Us |work=Learn |publisher=Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific American Experience |accessdate=2015-09-20}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |last=McKowen |first1=Ken |last2=McKowen |first2=Dahlynn |title=Best of Oregon and Washington's Mansions, Museums, and More: A Behind-the-Scenes Guide to the Pacific Northwest's Historical and Cultural Treasures |chapter=The Wing Luke Asian Museum |publisher=Wilderness Press |year=2009 |pages=261–262 |isbn=9780899974873}} 6. ^{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=HistoryLink.org |title=Seattle Public Schools, 1862-2000: Wing Luke Elementary School |url=http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=10549 |publisher=HistoryLink |location=Seattle, WA |accessdate=2015-09-20 }} 7. ^{{cite news |last=O'Sullivan |first=Joseph |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/politics/new-civil-rights-unit-formed-in-ags-office/ |title=New civil rights unit formed in AG's office |work=Seattle Times |publisher=The Seattle Times Company |date=2015-09-18 |accessdate=2015-09-20 }} 15 : 1925 births|1965 deaths|Accidental deaths in Washington (state)|American military personnel of Chinese descent|American army personnel of World War II|American politicians of Chinese descent|Pre-1949 Republic of China emigrants to the United States|Politicians from Guangdong|Seattle City Council members|United States Army soldiers|University of Washington alumni|University of Washington School of Law alumni|Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the United States|Washington (state) lawyers|American people of Cantonese descent |
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