| 词条 | China Railways SL8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = China Railways SL8 (勝利8) Mantetsu Pashiha class (パシハ) | powertype =Steam | image = Mantetsu-pashiha6.png | alt = | caption = South Manchuria Railway パシハ6 in 1938 | designer = | builder = South Manchuria Ry. Shahekou Works Hitachi | ordernumber = | serialnumber = | buildmodel = | builddate = 1937–1940 | totalproduction = 17 | rebuilder = | rebuilddate = | numberrebuilt = | whytetype = | uicclass = | gauge = {{track gauge|1435mm}} | leadingdiameter = | driverdiameter = {{convert|1,850|mm|abbr=on}} | trailingdiameter = | minimumcurve = | wheelbase = | length = {{convert|24,705|mm|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|3,201|mm|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|4,789|mm|abbr=on}} | axleload = | weightondrivers = {{convert|68.57|t|LT|abbr=on}} | locoweight = {{convert|114.91|t|LT|abbr=on}} | tenderweight = {{convert|85.00|t|LT|abbr=on}} | locotenderweight = | tendertype = | fueltype = Coal | fuelcap = {{convert|15.00|t|LT|abbr=on}} | watercap = {{convert|35.00|m3|abbr=on}} | tendercap = | sandcap = | smalltubediameter = 93 x {{convert|51|mm|abbr=on}} | largetubediameter = 90 x {{convert|108|mm|abbr=on}} | boiler = | boilerpressure = {{convert|14.5|kgf/cm2|abbr=on}} | feedwaterheater = | firearea = {{convert|5.36|m2|abbr=on}} | tubearea = {{convert|225.86|m2|abbr=on}} | fluearea = | tubesandflues = | fireboxarea = {{convert|28.71|m2|abbr=on}} | totalsurface = {{convert|340.37|m2|abbr=on}} | superheatertype = Schmidt type E | superheaterarea = {{convert|85.80|m2|abbr=on}} | cylindercount = | cylindersize = {{convert|600|x|710|mm|abbr=on|disp=br()}} | frontcylindersize= | rearcylindersize = | hpcylindersize = | lpcylindersize = | valvegear = Walschaerts | valvetype = | valvetravel = | valvelap = | valvelead = | transmission = | maxspeed = | poweroutput = | tractiveeffort = {{convert|167.0|kN|abbr=on}} | factorofadhesion = | trainheating = | locobrakes = | locobrakeforce = | trainbrakes = | safety = | operator = South Manchuria Railway Manchukuo National Railway China Railway | operatorclass = SMR/MNR: パシハ CR: ㄆㄒ八 (1951–1959) CR: 勝利8 (1959–end) | powerclass = | numinclass = 17 | fleetnumbers = SMR: 811–816 (1933–1938) SMR: パシハ1–16 (1938–1945) MNR: パシハ501 CR: 801–817 }} The China Railways SL8 (勝利8, Shènglì, "victory") class steam locomotive was a class of 4-6-2 express passenger steam locomotives operated by the China Railway. They were originally built for the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu) and the Manchukuo National Railway between 1937 and 1940.[1] HistoryThe Pashiha class locomotives were designed as a replacement for the Pashiko class on high-speed passenger trains. The most advanced steam locomotives in Manchuria, they had a semi-streamlined body, and used SKF roller bearings on all axles of both the locomotive and the tender, which improved both operational efficiency and ease of maintenance.[2] They also had a combustion chamber firebox, a Schmidt type E superheater, a feedwater heater and an automatic stoker.[1] Initially used for pulling trains such as the "Hato" express between Dalian and Xinjing, they were later used to haul long-distance passenger trains between Xinjing and Andong on the Andong Line after its track was doubled. One unit was built for the Manchukuo National Railway for use with Emperor Puyi's train. The first six were built for Mantetsu by Hitachi in Japan in 1937, which were followed by another ten of an improved design from the Shahekou Works in 1940. Shahekou also built the single unit for the Manchukuo National in 1940.[1] Originally numbered パシハ811–パシハ816, they were renumbered パシナ1–パシナ6 in Mantetsu's 1938 general renumbering, and subsequent units were numbered in this sequence.[1]
PostwarAt the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the sixteen Mantetsu locomotives were assigned to the Dalian depot, while the Manchukuo National's single engine was assigned to the Fengtian Railway Bureau; all seventeen were passed on to the Republic of China Railway. After the establishment of the People's Republic and the current China Railway, they were designated class ㄆㄒ八 (PX8) in 1951, becoming class SL8 (勝利, Shènglì, "victory") in 1959; they were numbered 801 through 817. One SL8 was dedicated to pulling Mao Zedong's train. Five are known to have still been in service around 1980, around Beijing and Zhengzhou. SL8 815 is preserved at the Shenyang Steam Locomotive Museum. References1. ^1 2 3 Ichihara, Yoshizumi, 写真集南満洲鉄道 (South Manchuria Railway Photo Collection) pp. 120-121, 135, 1998 Seibundo Shinkosha Publishing Co. Ltd. (in Japanese) {{Mantetsu rolling stock}}{{MNR rolling stock}}{{Locomotives of China}}2. ^鉄道車輌用ころがり軸受と台車の戦前･戦後史 (History of Roller Bearings and Trucks for Rolling Stock; in Japanese) 7 : 4-6-2 locomotives|CRRC Dalian locomotives|Hitachi locomotives|Railway locomotives introduced in 1937|Steam locomotives of China|Standard gauge locomotives of China|Rolling stock of Manchukuo |
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