| 词条 | Chocolate Williams |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Chocolate Williams | honorific_suffix = | image = | image_size = | landscape = | alt = | caption = | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = Robert Williams, Jr. | alias = Bob Williams Billy Williams | birth_date = {{birth date|1916|02|01}} | birth_place = Augusta, Georgia | origin = | death_date = {{death date and age|1984|06|22|1916|02|01}} | death_place = Manhattan, New York | genre = | occupation = Jazz bassist, vocalist | instrument = Double bass | years_active = 1935–1957 | label = Onyx Records | associated_acts = Three Chocolates Rex Stewart Herbie Nichols Art Tatum | website = | module = | module2 = | module3 = }}Chocolate Williams (aka Billy, aka Bob, né Robert Williams, Jr.; February 1, 1916 Augusta, Georgia – June 22, 1984, Manhattan, New York)[1][2] was an American jazz bassist and vocalist based in New York City.[2] He was a prolific performer of jazz, and, notably, performed and recorded with Art Tatum in 1941 and Herbie Nichols in 1952.[4] Selected career highlightsWilliams performed with the Cotton Club Tramp Band, Rex Stewart Combo, Herbie Nichols, Art Tatum, his own trio, the Three Chocolates, and his own jazz combo, Chocolate Williams and His Chocolateers. Williams was the founding leader of The Three Chocolates. The other two original members were guitarist Jerome Darr (de), who went on to perform with Jonah Jones, and pianist Bill Spotswood. Throughout the 1940s and mid-fifties, The Three Chocolates played at clubs along the Eastern Seaboard and the Midwest and were favorites in many swank Harlem after-hour spots. In late 1943, The Three Chocolates performed at the Onyx Club on 52nd Street for seven months, the Famous Door for five months, and, before that, Kelly's Stables. Bassist Earl May (de) (1926–2008), who substituted for Williams at Minton's, succeeded him when he stopped playing there.[2][8]
After his semi-retirement in 1955, Chocolate Williams worked as a messenger for CBS and retired in 1974.
He was born in Augusta, Georgia in 1916, and lived there until at least 1930. Williams lived at 60 West 142nd Street in the Sugar Hill area of Harlem when he died in 1984.[9] Selected extant discography{{ref begin|50em}}
If you want to get high, get high kind of quick, Just fall on up to the Gee-Haw And pick up on old Frank Martin's sticks
Newman, while a student at Columbia in 1941, lugged his acetate disc recording machine – a portable Wilcox-Gay Recordio "disc cutter" – to jazz clubs in Harlem, including Minton's Playhouse on 118th Street and Clark Monroe's Uptown House on 134th Street, both of which were incubators of jazz of the day, and in 1941, the beginning of bebop. Newman's collection has endured as the core library for Onyx Recording, Inc. Art Tatum[15] at Minton's in 1941, issued by Onyx after being declined by Columbia, on the LP God Is in the House. At the 16th Annual Grammy Awards held in March 1974, the album won two Grammys, one for Best Improvised Jazz Solo and one for Best Liner Notes, written by Morgenstern. Newman's recordings have been issued as unauthorized records, variously over the years, but none were done so with the permission or participation of the artists or their estates.[17] The commercial value of the recordings were deemed {{linktext|nil}}; and those who acquired and distributed the recordings viewed the mission as one of curating jazz history. The Art Tatum session at Gee-Haw Stables was the subject of a poem, "Art Tatum at the Gee-Haw Stables", by Grace Schulman.[18]{{ref end}} Selected lyrics; "Good Story Blues" (twelve-bar blues) ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANdd6krb6MU audio] on YouTube){{ref begin|30em}}{{Poemquote|(1st Verse) Don't want no woman That uses a straight comb Don't want no woman That uses a straight comb She's ornery and evil Can't keep a happy home}} {{Poemquote|(2st Verse)Looks in the mirror Get mad when she sees her hair Looks in the mirror Get mad when she sees her hair Can't blame her 'Cause its hardly any up there}} {{Poemquote|(3rd Verse)Ain't my fault If she has bad hair Ain't my fault If she has bad hair She may as well accept the fact 'Cause gettin' evil ain't nowhere}} {{Poemquote|Piano solo(12 bars)}} {{Poemquote|(4th Verse)Woman quit your squawkin' Don't be so dumb Woman quit your squawkin' Don't be so dumb If you don't like the hair you got Go downtown and buy you some}} {{ref end}}Collaborators
FamilyAmong his survivors are: his son, Tony Davis; a sister, Alberta Bloomer, a niece, Jennifer Riley; a nephew and 15 grandnieces and nephews.[9]
Kimati Dinizulu (1956–2013) – the late American-born African percussionist and exponent of Akan traditions in America – was a nephew of Chocolate Williams.[21] Selected compostions{{ref begin|100em}}
"Three Chocolates" disambiguationThe Three Chocolates might wrongly associated with: {{ref begin|50em}}
References
1. ^Bill Fox (aka Bill Mink, Bill Wolf/Wolfe), Jerry Newman, and Seymour Weiss (né Seymour Michael Wyse; born 1923 in London) founded the Esoteric Record Corporation in 1949 in New York. In 1957 the label was renamed Counterpoint; and after being first sold to Eichler Records Corporation in 1960, and then to Everest Record Group in 1963, to Counterpoint / Esoteric Records. Earlier, in 1948, Newman and Wyse founded Greenwich Music Shop. In 1964, Fox moved to Vanguard Records, to become the production coordinator. Fox had been Newman's business partner with the Greenwich Music Shop 2. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=GBNhAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA98 Vol. {{space|2}}40, No. 1], (1945), pg. 98 3. ^God is in the house, Art Tatum, Onyx Records, ORI 205 (LP) (1972); {{oclc|3197822|473711960}} : Art Tatum (1909–1956) (piano), Frankie Newton (1906–1954) (trumpet), Chocolate Williams (bass); Ebenezer Paul (1919–1947) (bass){{space|4}}Liner notes: Dan Morgenstern{{space|4}}1940: November 11 {{space|4}}1941: May 7, July 26–27, September 16 {{space|4}}Minton's, Harlem {{space|4}}Re-issued: HighNote HCD 7030 (CD) (1998); {{oclc|41634272}} 4. ^1 God is in the house, Art Tatum, Onyx Records, ORI 205 (LP) (1972); {{oclc|3197822|473711960}} : Art Tatum (1909–1956) (piano), Frankie Newton (1906–1954) (trumpet), Chocolate Williams (bass); Ebenezer Paul (1919–1947) (bass){{space|4}}Liner notes: Dan Morgenstern{{space|4}}1940: November 11 {{space|4}}1941: May 7, July 26–27, September 16 {{space|4}}Minton's, Harlem {{space|4}}Re-issued: HighNote HCD 7030 (CD) (1998); {{oclc|41634272}} 5. ^1 2 3 "Theatre Briefs", by Al Morris, Amsterdam News, June 30, 1984, pg. 25 6. ^1 2 "Robert 'Chocolate' Williams dies at 68", New York Amsterdam News, June 30, 1984, pg. 24 (accessed April 8, 2016, via ProQuest Historical Newspapers) 7. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=ma1BpsFE1WoC&pg=PA79 The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz], "Brice, Percy", by Leonard Feather & Ira Gitler, Oxford University Press (1999), pg. 79; {{oclc|38746731}} 8. ^1 "Earl May, Intuitive Bassist, Dies", by Ron Scott, New York Amsterdam News, January 10, 2008, pg. 35 9. ^1 Marv Goldberg R&B Notebooks: "The 3 Chocolateers", by Marv Goldberg (2014), Unca Marvy's R&B Page ({{url|http://www.uncamarvy.com}}) (retrieved April 15, 2016) 10. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=b7HelOf4_RQC&pg=PA394 Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz 1954–2001], by Whitney Balliett, St. Martin's Press (2002), pg. 394; {{oclc|422000268}} 11. ^1 [https://books.google.com/books?id=CSgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3 "Onyx Formed, Schlitten Chief"], Billboard, July 1, 1972, pg. 3, col. 1 (bottom) 12. ^1 "Homage To Jerry Newman", by John A. Schott (born 1966), John Schott's blog at WordPress, July 27, 2015 (retrieved January 20, 2016) 13. ^1 "Art Tatum at the Gee-Haw Stables", by Grace Schulman, The Georgia Review, Vol. 58, No. 2, Poetry and "Poiēsis" (Summer 2004), p. 278; {{ISSN|0016-8386}} Republished in a compilation: [https://books.google.com/books?id=ejG28T8vzB4C&pg=PA26 The Broken String], Houghton Mifflin (2007), pps. 26–27; {{oclc|71004292}} ) In 1941, the club was owned and operated by Johnny Bradford (born 1911), who, that same year, married Una Mae Carlisle ("Singer Weds Night Club Owner", New York Age, September 27, 1941, pg. 4, col. 1) At the time of their marriage, Bradford lived at 35 West 110th Street, and Carlisle lived at the Hotel Theresa; Bradford later managed other clubs in Harlem, including:14. ^1 "Knockin' Myself Out" (record review of an Art Tatum release), by Lynn René Bayley, Fanfare, Vol. 32, No. 3, January 2009, pps. 372–373; {{issn|0148-9364}} (accessible via publisher's archives and EBSCO Accession # 35343569, both requiring a fee) 15. ^1 [https://artmusiclounge.wordpress.com/2016/04/01/the-greatest-soloist-in-the-history-of-jazz/ "The Greatest Soloist in the History of Jazz"], by Lynn René Bayley, Art Music Lounge (WordPress blog), April 1, 2016 (retrieved June 1, 2016) 16. ^1 [https://issuu.com/dinizulu/docs/ancestral_spirits_by_kimati_dinizulu_-_digital_alb Ancestral Spirits], Kamiti Dinizulu, record album liner notes by Salim Washington, Phd (né Michael Spence Washington; born 1958), Queens, New York: African Room Music L.L.C. (2010) 17. ^1 "The Chocolate Dandies Score at Dunbar", Philadelphia Inquirer November 25, 1924, pg. 20 (retrieved December 15, 2016, via {{url|https://www.newspapers.com/image/170831400/}}, fee required)
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}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams, Chocolate}} 14 : 1916 births|1984 deaths|Bebop double-bassists|Musicians from Augusta, Georgia|American jazz bass guitarists|People from Harlem|20th-century American bass guitarists|Guitarists from Georgia (U.S. state)|Guitarists from New York City|American male bass guitarists|Jazz musicians from New York (state)|20th-century double-bassists|20th-century male musicians|Male jazz musicians |
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