| 词条 | Chrysothallite |
| 释义 |
| name = Chrysothallite | category = Halide mineral | image = | imagesize = | alt = | caption = | formula = K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4•H2O | strunz = | dana = | system = Tetragonal | class = Ditetragonal dipyramidal (4/mmm) H-M symbol: (4/m 2/m 2/m) | symmetry = I4/mmm | unit cell = a = 11.37 Å, b = 26.21 Å (approximated); Z = 4 | color = Golden-yellow to light yellow | colour = | habit = tabular | twinning = | cleavage = None | fracture = Uneven | tenacity = Brittle | mohs = | luster = Vitreous | streak = White | diaphaneity = Transparent | gravity = | density = 2.95 (measured) | polish = | opticalprop = Uniaxial (+) | refractive = ω=1.72, ε=1.73 (approximated) | birefringence = | pleochroism = | 2V = | dispersion = | extinction = | length fast/slow = | fluorescence = | absorption = | melt = | fusibility = | diagnostic = | solubility = | impurities = | alteration = | other = | references = [1][2][3] }}Chrysothallite is a rare thallium-bearing chloride mineral with the formula K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4•H2O.[2][3] Chrysothallite is unique in being only the second mineral with essential trivalent thallium,[2] a feature shared with natural thallium(III) oxide, avicennite.[4] Another examples of natural thallium chlorides are steropesite, Tl3BiCl6, and lafossaite, TlCl.[5][6] Chrysothallite is one of numerous fumarolic minerals discovered among fumarolic sites of the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia[7] The mineral is named in allusion to its colour and thallium content.[2] Notes on chemistryChrysothallite contains a relative high amount of zinc admixture. Zinc is substituting for copper.[2] Association and originChrysothallite may be associated with many other minerals:[2]
Crystal structureThe crystal structure of chrysothallite is unique. Its building elements are:[2]
OriginChrysothallite is supposed to be a product of interaction of relatively high-temperature fumarolic minerals with fumarolic gas and atmospheric water, that takes place in temperatures up to {{convert|150|C}}. References1. ^[https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/MineralData?mineral=Chrysothallite Mineralienatlas] {{silicate-mineral-stub}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Pekov, I.V., Zubkova, N.v., Belakovskiy, D.I., Yapaskurt, V.O., Vigasina, M.F., Lykova, I.S., Sidorov, E.G., and Pushcharovsky, D.Yu., 2015. Chrysothallite K6Cu6Tl3+Cl17(OH)4.H2O, a new mineral species from the Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine 79(2), 365-376 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.mindat.org/min-43874.html |title=Chrysothallite: Chrysothallite mineral information and data |website=Mindat.org |accessdate=2016-03-11}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mindat.org/min-437.html |title=Avicennite: Avicennite mineral information and data |website=Mindat.org |accessdate=2016-03-11}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mindat.org/min-38692.html |title=Steropesite: Steropesite mineral information and data |website=Mindat.org |accessdate=2016-03-11}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mindat.org/min-27521.html |title=Lafossaite: Lafossaite mineral information and data |website=Mindat.org |accessdate=2016-03-11}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mindat.org/loc-5602.html |title=Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka Oblast', Far-Eastern Region, Russia - Mindat.org |website=Mindat.org |accessdate=2016-03-11}} 4 : Potassium minerals|Copper minerals|Thallium minerals|Tetragonal minerals |
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