| 词条 | Church of San Giulio, Castellanza | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Church of San Giulio | native_name_lang = Parrocchia San Giulio | image = Church of San Giulio.jpg | caption = The front side of the church of San Giulio. | coordinates = {{Coord|45.6053912|8.8915002}} | country = Italy | website = www.comunitapastoralecastellanza.it | former name = Church of the Holy Family | founded date = {{Start date|df=yes|1924|2}} | founder = | dedicated date = {{Start date|df=yes|1924|3}} | denomination = Catholic | attendance = 452 per week in average | status = Church | functional status = Active | style = Romanesque, Lombard | groundbreaking = 1926 | completed date = 1953 | materials = Brick, Cement, Gold | division = Varese | seniorpastor = Don Walter Magni | pastor = Don Walter Magni | musicgroup = Banda Santa Cecilia directed by Maestro Daniele Balello }} The Church of San Giulio is located in Castellanza, Varese, Northern Italy. It was built in the 20th century. The church is named after the saint Julius of Novara, also known as Giulio, who was a priest in the 4th century that was devoted to converting the heathen temples into Christian churches.[1] The church (building) is located in Paolo VI Square, adjacent to corso Matteotti which divides the town of Castellanza in two parts. It is on the site of an earlier church, the Church of the Holy Family. History{{Location map | Italy| width = 200 | float = left | caption = Location of the church | alt = Map of Italy with mark showing location of the church of San Giulio | label = Church of San Giulio | label_size = 100 | position = bottom | background = orange | mark = Orange_pog.svg | marksize = 9 | lat_deg = 45.6053912 | lon_deg = 8.8915002 }} The history of the Church began at the end of the 19th century when the ancient Holy Family church was declared no longer useful. At that time, public opinion split into two groups. One group opted for an enlargement, while the other requested a complete reconstruction of the church and the surrounding site. On 2 February 1924, the priest Testori sent an invitation to a meeting to all the wealthy people of the town in order to exchange opinions about the future of the church. The meeting took place on 11 February at Palazzo Brambilla. The people present for this discussion included: Giacomo Binda Sindaco, Ettorino and Egidio Pomini, Carlo Cerini, Pietro Soldini, Ambrogio Bonacina, Tito Burgis, Gabrio Pendolini Piola, Natale Colombo, the brothers Colombo Bolla, and all the priests of the town. After a month of thinking, Mrs. Parker and Mr. Soldini offered money for the enlargement of the old church. The project was approved by the parish house, who decided to build it on the ground of Park Bani. The foundation stone of the existing church of San Giulio was placed by Mr. Roberto Colombo on 8 August 1926. The church was designed by the architect Maggi and constructed by using materials of other churches in the surrounding area that were not active anymore.[2]{{rp|106–107}} Architecture and artChurch San Giulio has a Romanesque Revival and Lombard architectural style, and its front side faces the main square of the town of Castellanza.[2] The key features of the north Italian Lombard Romanesque architectural style are brick and flat and wide facades covering the whole front of the church, often with a big rose window in the middle, above the entrance.[3] The presbyterian pavement (architecture) was built in 1932 and is made of Venetian marble in a mosaic structure. In the pavement are represented geometric figures, and in the middle of these figures is a figure made by squares, with sides of 143 cm. The represented figures are: a star made by two squares one over the other with a circle and the symbol of the sun in the middle; another star with 8 spikes with another star inside; and, a circular figure with two crossed eclipses on the inside. The height of the church tower is 83 meters, which makes it one of the highest towers in the surrounding area. The actual tower was built in 1932. Its height was limited by the imminent construction of the airport of Milano Malpensa. Paintings
The ChapelThe chapel of the crucifix, desire to Don Testori, is located in the right transept. It was blessed by Cardinal Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster on 9 November 1941. The Gothic lines enclose the polychrome and are artistically crafted. A large niche protects an old painted wooden crucifix (17th–18th century). In the left transept, the Chapel of Our Lady of Caravaggio is located. It was built in the 1950s. It contains both a large arch in marble of Crevola, and an altar in marble of Candoglia. The chapel has frescoes and two windows that are themed Regina Pacis and Consolatrix Afflictorum. The chapels are both enclosed by wrought-iron railings with symbolic ornament in bronze. Origin and style of the churchThe church of San Giulio had its first foundation as a chapel around 1350–1380, proven by an inscription of the tomb dated to 1386. The chapel was expanded in 1500 with a central nave and side chapels. In 1880 it was further expanded and additional chapels created. The parish priest, Don Luigi Testori, decided in 1930 to erect a new apse, presbytery, two transepts and two sacristies, after the demolition of the oldest part (the apse). In 1953 the final construction of the church was completed. The new facade was designed by engineer Maggi and was decorated with many rose windows. Decoration of the transeptsThe walls of the transepts are colorfully adorned. The archway and pillar were built with bricks and painted by hand. The ceilings are cross-vaulted and painted with tempera in the year 1940. The chapel of the "Crucifix" is placed on the right side of the transept. There is Gothic lettering, which is polychrome-painted. The arches were painted in a wooden crucifix in the 17th – 18th century. The chapel of Our Lady of Caravaggio is at the right part of the transept. The walls are also painted with frescos and there are two windows, which are designed with the themes of Regina Pacis and Consolatrix Afflictorum. Origin of the CiboriumThe ciborium was built in Byzantine style by the architect Giovanni Maggi and the sculptor Giannino Castiglioni in 1932. The columns, arches, and facades are made in yellow marble of Mori and Siena, while the columns and background of the superior side are made of onyx. The ciborium is made of four archivolts, which were designed with the reliefs of angels and four zoomorphic creatures. The interior dome of the ciborium is covered in gold leaf. The whole design and painting of the interior dome was made by the painter Giovanni Tonacca.[4] References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Rabenstein|first1=Katherine|title=Saint of the day|url=http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0131.shtml#juli|website=St.Patrick Catholic Church|publisher=St.Patrick Catholic Church|accessdate=6 December 2016}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Candiani|first1=Anna Colombo|title=Momenti di vita castellanzese nella storia lombarda|date=1975|publisher=Amministrazione comunale di Castellanza}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Fletcher|first1=Banister|title=Italian Romanesque Architecture|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/romanesque/italian1.html|website=The Victorian Web|accessdate=6 December 2016}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Colombo Passoni|first1=Andreina|title=Relazione inviata in Curia per l'autorizzazione dei vari restauri|date=February 2000|location=Castellanza}} Bibliography
4 : Buildings and structures in the Province of Varese|Roman Catholic churches in Lombardy|Roman Catholic churches completed in 1953|Romanesque architecture in Lombardy |
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