| 词条 | Wolverhampton railway station |
| 释义 |
| symbol = rail | name = Wolverhampton | image_name = Wolverhampton station entrance.jpg | caption = The station building of 1964-67 by Ray Moorcroft | manager = West Midlands Railway[1] | locale = Wolverhampton | borough = City of Wolverhampton | code = WVH | dft_category = B | pte = Transport for West Midlands | zone = 5 | platforms = 6
Wolverhampton railway station in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, England is on the Birmingham Loop of the West Coast Main Line. It is served by West Midlands Trains, CrossCountry, Virgin Trains and Transport for Wales, and was historically known as Wolverhampton High Level. HistoryThe first station named Wolverhampton had opened on the edge of the town centre in 1837 on the Grand Junction Railway, this station was renamed Wednesfield Heath in 1855, shortly after the present station was opened, and then was closed in 1873.[2] The first station on the present site was opened on 1 July 1852 by the Birmingham, Wolverhampton and Stour Valley Railway, a subsidiary of the London and North Western Railway (LNWR); it was named Wolverhampton Queen Street.[3] The only visible remnant of the original station is the Queen's Building, the gateway to Railway Drive which was the approach road to the station. The building was originally the carriage entrance to the station and was completed three years before the main station building. Today, it forms part of Wolverhampton bus station.[4] Two years later, on 1 July 1854, the Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway (OWWR) opened a second station, located behind the older station on lower ground, which became known as the Wolverhampton Low Level station from April 1856, the other becoming known as Wolverhampton High Level from 1 June 1885.[3] From 1923, the LNWR was amalgamated into the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), and in 1948 it became part of the London Midland Region of British Railways.[5] Services over the former Grand Junction Railway line to {{rws|Walsall}} (and thence to {{rws|Lichfield City}} and {{rws|Burton-on-Trent}}) ended in January 1965, this route being the only one from here to fall victim to the Beeching Axe. The present Wolverhampton station dates from 1964-67[6] when the High Level station was completely rebuilt by the architect Ray Moorcroft as part of the modernisation programme which saw the West Coast Main Line electrified.[4] It consisted of three through platforms (the present platforms 1, 2 and 3). As part of this scheme, most services on the OW&WR route from {{rws|Shrewsbury}} were diverted here from Low Level (though a few peak-hour trains continued to serve the latter until March 1968); these then continued to Birmingham New Street via the Stour Valley line rather than via the ex-GWR line to Birmingham Snow Hill as before. In the 1980s, a parcels siding was converted into a south-facing bay platform (the present platform 5), and a new north-facing bay was constructed (the present platform 6). In 1987 twelve different horse sculptures by Kevin Atherton, titled Iron Horse, were erected between New Street station and Wolverhampton, including one at the southern end of platforms 2 and 3.[7] More recently (in 2004), a new through platform (platform 4) was constructed on the site of infrequently-used sidings. This has greatly enhanced the capacity of the station. A new footbridge was also constructed, to allow access to the new platform but also to improve access to the existing ones. A proposal for a more comprehensive redevelopment of the station and surrounding area was announced on 18 October 2006.[8] {{clear|left}}Management of the station transferred from Virgin Trains, the current franchise holder of InterCity West Coast, to the West Midlands Trains franchise in April 2018, under the West Midlands Railway brand.[9] ServicesTypical weekday operations are as follows:[10] Virgin Trains:
London Northwestern Railway:
West Midlands Railway:
CrossCountry:
Transport for Wales:
West Midlands Railway also run a single Saturdays-only parliamentary train on the line to Walsall via Pleck (the former Grand Junction Railway route that continues to New Street via {{rws|Aston}}). This replaced the regular direct service that ran between 1998 and 2008 (when it was withdrawn due to low usage). Centro hope to reintroduce a regular service over the line in the future (ideally when the West Midlands area franchise comes up for renewal in 2016/7)[16] and reopen the old station at Willenhall, though it would require some infrastructure improvements here to accommodate it (i.e. a new bay platform & associated signalling). {{rail start}}{{rail line|previous=SmethwickGalton Bridge|next=Telford Central|route=Transport for Wales North Wales Coast Line |col={{KAW colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Smethwick Galton Bridge|next=Telford Central|route=Transport for Wales Cambrian Line |col={{KAW colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Smethwick Galton Bridge|next=Stafford|route=London Northwestern Railway Birmingham-Liverpool |col={{LNW colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Coseley|next=Penkridge|route=London Northwestern Railway Birmingham-Liverpool |col={{LNW colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Sandwell and Dudley or Birmingham New Street or Terminus|next=Bilbrook|route=West Midlands Railway Wolverhampton/Birmingham-Shrewsbury Mondays-Saturdays only |col={{WMT colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Coseley|route=West Midlands Railway Walsall - Birmingham/Wolverhampton via Tipton|col={{WMT colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=|next=Walsall|route=West Midlands Railway Wolverhampton to Walsall|col={{WMT colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=|next=Bescot Stadium|route=West Midlands Railway Bescot Stadium-Wolverhampton|col={{WMT colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Sandwell and Dudley |route=Virgin Trains London-Wolverhampton |col={{VWC colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Sandwell and Dudley|next=Telford Central |route=Virgin Trains London Euston-Shrewsbury|col={{VWC colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Birmingham New Street or Sandwell and Dudley|next={{Stnlnk|Crewe}} |route=Virgin Trains West Coast Main Line |col={{VWC colour}} }}{{rail line|previous=Birmingham New Street|next=Stafford|route=CrossCountry Cross Country Network |col={{XC colour}} }}{{Disused Rail Insert}}{{rail line|previous=Terminus|next=Heath Town|route=Wolverhampton and Walsall Railway Later Midland Railway |col={{MR colour}} }}{{s-end}} PlatformsWolverhampton station has six platforms: platforms 1 to 4 are through platforms, while platforms 5 and 6 are bay platforms at the south and north ends respectively. Although all four platforms are reversible, in practice platform 1 is used for northbound services, platform 2 is used for northbound and southbound services, platforms 3 and 4 are used for southbound services. Platform 3 is also used for northbound services at busy times. Platform 5 is used by local services to Walsall via Birmingham New Street. Platform 6 was designed for local services on the Wolverhampton to Shrewsbury Line (and was formerly numbered Platform 4 but was renumbered upon the construction of present Platform 4 in 2004) but is now rarely used, as the majority of services on that route travel through to Birmingham (or occasionally to Walsall). It is generally used for the first service of the day to Shrewsbury and for holding trains when they are not in use. Platform 1 is mostly used for northbound services, however in the late evenings and on Sundays, there are still a few Virgin trains shuttle services that either terminate in platforms 1 or 2. These shuttle trains, usually travel to London Euston, via Birmingham New Street. The shuttle trains are usually of a 9 car formation. Platform 2 is now used for all Virgin Trains services from Edinburgh/Glasgow to London Euston. The timetable change on 8 December 2013 saw Virgin Trains running an hourly timetable from Scotland to Euston via the West Midlands and vice versa, replacing the Wolverhampton - Euston service. All platforms at the station are electrified to 25 kV AC overhead power.[17] The Interchange ProjectThe railway station is earmarked for redevelopment as part of the Wolverhampton Interchange Project. Ion Developments (previously Neptune Developments) were selected for the project and plan to create a major mixed used area that includes both bus and railway stations, a hotel, retail outlets, bars, cafes and offices. The plan is to completely rebuild the railway station and improve pedestrian access over the ring road, with a new footbridge link direct to the bus station. After a shortfall in funding for the project, it was decided that the development would take place in phases. Phase One began in April 2010 with the construction of the new bus station which was completed in 2011. Phase Two, which includes the railway station, canalside development, and a hotel, has commenced as of September 2018.[18] On 31 December 2014 the first phase of the redevelopment of the Railway Station was announced, with the redevelopment of the station's car park, it has seen the car park refurbished and extended to take the existing capacity from 520 to just over 900, along with a new entrance to the car park created from Mill Street, and also includes parking for bikes and motorbikes. It is also expected that a hotel will eventually be developed to change the facade of the car park.[19] From Sunday 8 January 2017, vehicular access to the railway station changed, with access now via Corn Hill. This change coincided with the opening of the extended car park. This has also created a new short stay and drop off area including a new taxi rank. The change has seen Railway Drive completely closed to enable the laying of tracks for the new Metro extension to commence and the rebuilding of the railway station.[20] On Friday 28 September 2018, work started on Wolverhampton's Railway Station, with the demolition on the Transport Police building. This is the first phase of the new Station build, which will see the main station building demolished once the first half of the new building has been built. The complete Station is due to open in 2020.[21] West Midlands Metro stop{{Infobox station| name = Wolverhampton Station | symbol_location = birmingham | symbol = birmingham | symbol_location2 = gb | symbol2 = | type = Midland Metro tram stop | image = | alt = | caption = | address = Railway Drive | borough = Wolverhampton | country = England | iso_region = GB | coordinates = | line = Line 1 (Birmingham – Wolverhampton) | platforms = 2 | opening = By 2019 | opened = | closed = | passengers = N/A | pass_year = }} As part of the Interchange project, West Midlands Metro Line One will be extended to the railway station with the addition of a new Metro stop. It is expected to be operational by 2020. {{S-start|noclear=yes}}{{s-rail|title=MIDM}}{{s-note|text=By 2019}}{{tram line|previous=Terminus|route=Line 1|next=Piper's Row|col={{Midland-Metro-colour|Line 1}} }}{{s-end}}References1. ^Station facilities for Wolverhampton 2. ^{{cite web|title=Wolverhampton's First Station|url=http://www.historywebsite.co.uk/articles/Railway%20Gazette/1stStation.htm|publisher=Wolverhampton Railway Gazette|accessdate=11 September 2017}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |last=Butt |first=R.V.J. |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd |location=Yeovil |isbn=1-85260-508-1 |id=R508 |page=253 |ref=harv }} 4. ^1 {{cite book|last=Biddle|first=Gordon|title=Britain's Historic Railway Buildings: A Gazetteer of Structures|edition=Second|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|location=Hersham, Surrey|isbn=9780711034914|pages=379–380}} 5. ^{{cite book |last1=Whitehouse |first1=Patrick |last2=Thomas |first2=David St John |authorlink2=David St John Thomas |title=LMS 150: The London Midland and Scottish Railway - A Century and a Half of Progress |year=1987 |publisher=David & Charles |location=Newton Abbot |isbn=0-7153-8740-5 |id=01LO49 |pages=30–31, 188 |ref=harv }} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Pevsner |first=Nikolaus |date=1974 |title=The Buildings of England. Staffordshire |url= |location= |publisher=Penguin Books |page=317 |isbn=0140710469 |author-link= }} 7. ^Public Sculpture of Birmingham including Sutton Coldfield, George T. Noszlopy, edited Jeremy Beach, 1998, {{ISBN|0-85323-692-5}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.expressandstar.co.uk/2006/10/18/all-change-at-station/|title=All change at station|publisher=Express & Star|date=2006-10-18|accessdate=2009-11-30}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=West Midlands Railway takes charge of Wolverhampton station|url=http://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/west-midlands-railway-takes-charge-of-wolverhampton-station|accessdate=9 April 2018|work=Rail Technology Magazine|date=5 April 2018}} 10. ^https://www.westmidlandsrailway.co.uk/sites/default/files/assets/download_ct/20171207/vYS3wxe16qiGzzoT4OVJSDPe-RFk2b3YurUz8pQT4bs/wm1712_rc_2_wvh_bhm_v1_web.pdf 11. ^GB eNRT December 2015 Edition, Table 65 12. ^GB eNRT December 2015 Edition, Tables 68 & 70 13. ^GB eNRT December 2015 Edition, Table 74 14. ^GB eNRT December 2015 Edition, Table 51 15. ^GB eNRT December 2015 Edition, Table 75 16. ^[https://www.expressandstar.com/news/transport-news/2012/10/20/plans-to-reopen-rail-line-are-put-on-hold/ Plans to Reopen Rail Line are Put On Hold] www.expressandstar.com, Retrieved 2013-09-02 17. ^{{cite book|last1=Bridge|first1=Mike|title=Railway Track Diagrams book 4: Mdlands & North West|date=2013|publisher=Trackmaps|location=Bradford-on-Avon|isbn=978-0-9549866-7-4|page=19|edition=3}} 18. ^http://www.wolverhamptoninterchange.co.uk/index.php 19. ^https://www.expressandstar.com/news/2014/12/31/500-extra-car-parking-spaces-to-be-created-at-wolverhampton-railway-station/ 20. ^https://www.expressandstar.com/news/transport-news/2017/01/07/all-change-wolverhampton-railway-station-work-is-revealed-pictures/ 21. ^https://www.expressandstar.com/news/local-hubs/wolverhampton/2018/09/28/work-to-finally-begin-on-new-railway-station/ Further reading
External links{{commons category|Wolverhampton railway station}}
8 : Railway stations in Wolverhampton|Former London and North Western Railway stations|Railway stations opened in 1852|Railway stations served by CrossCountry|Railway stations served by Transport for Wales Rail|Railway stations served by Virgin Trains|Railway stations served by West Midlands Trains|1852 establishments in England |
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