| 词条 | Woodchat shrike |
| 释义 |
| name = Woodchat shrike | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | image = Lanius_senator01_new.jpg | range_map =Lanius senator distr.png | range_map_caption = {{legend0|#FF8000|Summer|border=solid 1px black}} {{legend0|#0000FF|Winter|border=solid 1px black}}[2] | taxon = Lanius senator | authority = Linnaeus, 1758 }} The woodchat shrike (Lanius senator) is a member of the shrike family Laniidae. The genus name, Lanius, is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also known as "butcher birds" because of their feeding habits. The specific senator is Latin for "senator", so-named because its chestnut cap recalled the colour of the stripe on the toga of a Roman senator.[3] The common name "Woodchat" is an Anglicisation of German waldkatze, literally "woodcat",[4] and "shrike" is from Old English scríc, "shriek", referring to the shrill call.[5] The woodchat shrike breeds in southern Europe, the Middle East and northwest Africa, and winters in tropical Africa. It breeds in open cultivated country, preferably with orchard trees and some bare or sandy ground.[6] DescriptionThe male is a striking bird with black and white upper parts, a chestnut crown and pure white underparts. The race L. s. badius of the western Mediterranean lacks the large white wing patches. In the female and young birds, the upperparts are brown and white and vermiculated. Underparts are buff and also vermiculated.[6] Distribution and habitatThe breeding range of the woodchat shrike is in southern Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East. The range extends from Portugal to Greece, Turkey, Iraq and Iran, and from Mauritania and Western Sahara in northern Africa to Libya. This bird overwinters in tropical central Africa, its winter range extending from Senegal to Sudan and Ethiopia in the east and southwards to Gabon.[1] Behaviour and ecologyThis migratory medium-sized passerine eats large insects, small birds and amphibians. Like other shrikes it hunts from prominent perches, and impales corpses on thorns or barbed wire as a "larder". This species often overshoots its breeding range on spring migration, and is a rare, but annual, visitor to Great Britain. The Balearic race badius has occurred in Britain around four times as a vagrant, and has also been recorded once in Ireland.[6] References1. ^1 {{cite journal | author = BirdLife International | year = 2017 | title = Lanius senator (amended version of 2016 assessment) | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2017 | page = e.T22705095A118777394 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22705095A118777394.en }} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Shrikes and Bush-Shrikes|year=2000|publisher=Helm|isbn=978-0-7136-3861-5|author=Tony Harris|author2=Kim Franklin|last-author-amp=yes}} 3. ^{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages= 219, 353}} 4. ^{{Cite OED |Woodchat}} 5. ^{{Cite OED |Shrike}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book|author1=Norbert Lefranc |author2=Tim Worfolk |title=Shrikes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HclLAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA159 |year=2013 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-1-4081-8756-2 |pages=159–165}} External links
5 : Lanius|Birds of Southern Europe|Birds of Western Asia|Birds of Africa|Birds described in 1758 |
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