词条 | Worcester County, Massachusetts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| county = Worcester County | state = Massachusetts | type = County | seal = Seal of Worcester County, Massachusetts.svg | founded = April 2, 1731 | seat wl= Worcester | largest city wl= Worcester | area_total_sq_mi = 1579 | area_land_sq_mi = 1511 | area_water_sq_mi = 68 | area percentage = 4.3% | census estimate yr= 2017 | pop = 826116[1] | density_sq_mi = 529 | web = | ex image = Worcester County Courthouse - Worcester, MA - DSC05778.jpg | ex image cap = Worcester County Courthouse | district = 1st | district2 = 2nd | district3 = 3rd | district4 = 4th | district5 = 5th | time zone = Eastern }}Worcester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. As of the 2010 census, the population was 798,552,[2] making it the second-most populous county in Massachusetts while also being the largest in area. The estimated population as of July 1, 2017 is 826,116. The largest city and traditional county seat is the city of Worcester.[3] Worcester County is included in the Worcester, MA-CT Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area. HistoryWorcester County was formed from the eastern portion of colonial Hampshire County, the western portion of the original Middlesex County and the extreme western portion of the original Suffolk County. When the government of Worcester County was established on April 2, 1731, Worcester was chosen as its shire town (later known as a county seat). From that date until the dissolution of the county government, it was the only county seat. Because of the size of the county, there were fifteen attempts over 140 years to split the county into two counties, but without success. Initially, Lancaster was proposed as the seat of the northern county; later, Petersham was proposed once and Fitchburg was proposed repeatedly, most recently in 1903. Perhaps as a concession, in August 1884 the Worcester County Registry of Deeds was split in two, with the Worcester Northern registry placed in Fitchburg. GeographyAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|1579|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|1511|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|68|sqmi}} (4.3%) is water.[4] It is the largest county in Massachusetts by area. The county is larger geographically than the entire state of Rhode Island even including Rhode Island's water ocean limit boundaries. The county constitutes Central Massachusetts, separating the Greater Springfield area from the Greater Boston area. It stretches from the northern to the southern border of the state. The geographic center of Massachusetts is in Rutland. Worcester County is one of two Massachusetts counties that borders three different neighboring states; the other being Berkshire County. They are also the only two counties to touch both the northern and southern state lines. Adjacent counties{{div col}}
National protected area
Demographics{{US Census population|1790= 56764 |1800= 61192 |1810= 64910 |1820= 73625 |1830= 84355 |1840= 95313 |1850= 130789 |1860= 159659 |1870= 192716 |1880= 226897 |1890= 280787 |1900= 346958 |1910= 399657 |1920= 455135 |1930= 491242 |1940= 504470 |1950= 546401 |1960= 583228 |1970= 637969 |1980= 646352 |1990= 709705 |2000= 750963 |2010= 798552 |estyear=2017 |estimate=826116 |estref=[5] |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[6] 1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8] 1990-2000[9] 2010-2013[2] }} In 1990 Worcester County had a population of 709,705.[10] 2000 censusAs of the census[11] of 2000, there were 750,963 people, 283,927 households, and 192,502 families residing in the county. The population density was 496 people per square mile (192/km²). There were 298,159 housing units at an average density of 197 per square mile (76/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 89.61% White, 2.73% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 2.62% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.93% from other races, and 1.82% from two or more races. 6.77% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.9% were of Irish, 12.3% Italian, 11.7% French, 8.0% French Canadian, 8.0% English, 5.6% Polish and 5.0% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 85.1% spoke English, 6.1% Spanish and 1.9% French as their first language. There were 283,927 households out of which 33.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.50% were married couples living together, 11.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.20% were non-families. 26.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.11. In the county, the population was spread out with 25.60% under the age of 18, 8.40% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 21.80% from 45 to 64, and 13.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $47,874, and the median income for a family was $58,394. Males had a median income of $42,261 versus $30,516 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,983. About 6.80% of families and 9.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.30% of those under age 18 and 9.50% of those age 65 or over. 2010 censusAs of the 2010 United States Census, there were 798,552 people, 303,080 households, and 202,602 families residing in the county.[12] The population density was {{convert|528.6|PD/sqmi}}. There were 326,788 housing units at an average density of {{convert|216.3|/sqmi}}.[13] The racial makeup of the county was 85.6% white, 4.2% black or African American, 4.0% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 3.6% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 9.4% of the population.[12] In terms of ancestry, 22.2% were Irish, 15.1% were French as well as 6.7% French Canadians, 14.4% were Italian, 11.7% were English, 7.0% were Polish, 6.9% were German, and 3.2% were American.[14] Of the 303,080 households, 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.2% were non-families, and 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.09. The median age was 39.2 years.[12] The median income for a household in the county was $64,152 and the median income for a family was $79,121. Males had a median income of $56,880 versus $42,223 for females. The per capita income for the county was $30,557. About 6.9% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.[15] Demographic breakdown by townIncome{{See also|List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income}}The ranking of unincorporated communities that are included on the list are reflective of the census designated locations and villages were included as cities or towns. Data is from the 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.[16][17][18]
Government and politics{{update|date=May 2016}}{{Worcester County politicians| county = Worcester | align = right | wraparound = yes | state_rep = by community | state_sen = by community | gov_councilors = Jen Caissie (R) | fed_rep = by Congressional district | fed_sen = Ed Markey (D) Elizabeth Warren (D) }} Worcester County is one of 8[19] of the 14 Massachusetts counties, which has had no county government or county commissioners since July 1, 1998, when county functions were assumed by state agencies at local option following a change in state law.[20] The County has an elected county sheriff, county prosecutor, and court officials, administered under the state department of public safety. The state correctional system in the County is known as the Worcester County Jail or "House of Corrections" at West Boylston, and the Worcester County District courts (state administered) are housed at Worcester, Fitchburg and other district courts within county boundaries.[20] The Worcester County district attorney is a county-wide position even though the district includes one town from a neighboring county. In Massachusetts, Sheriffs have more limited roles than most states and are responsible for corrections, court service and bailiffs and jail release programs.[20] County Sheriffs in Massachusetts are elected to six-year terms.[20] The Worcester County Sheriff is Lewis Evangelidis, (R), and the Worcester County District Attorney is Joseph Early (D).(see the info-box at lower right for elected officials at county level). The Worcester County 4 H fair is in its 63rd year in 2014 with the fairgrounds at Spencer. Worcester County has one commercial airport at Worcester. The Worcester County Conservation District has countywide boundaries.[21] The County has a regional planning commission. Massachusetts law allows regional compacts, traditional counties and other governmental entities.[20] Traditional County governments in the state include: Norfolk, Bristol, Dukes, Nantucket, and Plymouth Counties. Barnstable County, which is Cape Cod, functions as a modern regional county government. Suffolk County which is mainly Boston is under the Boston City Council. The Massachusetts General Laws describe this relationship of county government and the options for abolishing county governments and/or chartering regional governmental compacts in subchapter 34 B.[20] Four other new county compacts have been created by the state legislature and these are in Hampshire, Franklin, Barnstable Counties, and a regional planning council level for Berkshire County. Thus 9 of 14 Counties have some form of county regional governments. Worcester County could exercise that option if it chooses for example, for public safety and, or preparedness due to its rather large geography, by a request to and a special act of the legislature, by local referendum or by one of three mechanisms. See the references for the state statute, and the League of Women Voters link.
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CommunitiesCities
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Ghost town
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References1. ^{{cite web|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Worcester County, Massachusetts|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/worcestercountymassachusetts/PST045217|website=Census Bureau QuickFacts}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/25027.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 26, 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=May 31, 2011 }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_25.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20140914175857/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_25.txt|archivedate=September 14, 2014|df=}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=September 16, 2014}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ma190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 16, 2014}} 10. ^Census Worcester County Basic Fact Sheet 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=American FactFinder}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US25027 |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |accessdate=2016-01-12 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US25027 |accessdate=2016-01-12 |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US25027 |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |accessdate=2016-01-12 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US25027 |title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |accessdate=2016-01-12 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_DP03&prodType=table|title=SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=2013-01-26}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_DP05&prodType=table|title=ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2013-01-26}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_11_5YR_S1101&prodType=table|title=HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2013-01-26}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleVI/Chapter34B|title=General Laws of Massachusetts, Chapter 34B. Abolition of County Government|work=Massachusetts General Court|accessdate=November 26, 2016}} 20. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{MassGenLaws|34B}} 21. ^Worcester County Conservation District 22. ^{{cite web|title = Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 17, 2018 | publisher = Massachusetts Elections Division | format = PDF | accessdate = 2019-01-26 | url = http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/elepdf/enrollment_count_20181017.pdf}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=2018-08-27}} 24. ^{{cite news | url=http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~history/grafton/TupperwareNewsclippings.html | title=Many Changes Since Tupper Started Ware | work=Worcester Telegram and Gazette | date=March 4, 1992 | accessdate=August 11, 2011 | author=Dempsey, James}} Further reading
External links{{Commons category}}{{AmCyc Poster|Worcester (counties)|Worcester County, Massachusetts}}
|Centre = Worcester County, Massachusetts |North = Cheshire County, New Hampshire |Northeast = Hillsborough County, New Hampshire |East = Middlesex County |Southeast = Norfolk County and Providence County, Rhode Island |South = Windham County, Connecticut and Tolland County, Connecticut |Southwest = Hampden County |West = Hampshire County |Northwest = Franklin County }}{{Worcester County, Massachusetts}}{{Massachusetts}}{{Greater Boston}}{{Authority control}}{{coord|42.35|-71.91|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-MA_source:UScensus1990}} 8 : Massachusetts counties|Worcester County, Massachusetts|Greater Boston|Worcester, MA-CT metropolitan area|1731 establishments in Massachusetts|Populated places established in 1731|1998 disestablishments in Massachusetts|Populated places disestablished in 1998 |
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