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词条 World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships
释义

  1. History

  2. Distances

     Men  Women 

  3. Summary

  4. Medal summary

     Nations  Men  Women 

  5. References

The World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships[1][2][3] are a series of speed skating competitions organised by the International Skating Union.

History

Since the late 19th century, speed skating championships were always decided by racing multiple distances – four different distances for the Allround Championships, and two different distances (which have to be skated twice) for Sprint Championships. However, the speed skating events at the Olympic Games were always individual distances, no medals are awarded for a combined event (the only exception being the 1924 Winter Olympics).

Towards the end of the 20th century, skaters started to specialize and it became rare that a skater was able to dominate both the short and the long distances. Perhaps the last skater able to do so was Eric Heiden, who won all five distances at the 1980 Winter Olympics. As a consequence of this specialization, the difference between the Olympic Games and the regular championships, and the popularity of both the Speed skating World Cup and Single Distance Championships held nationally in several countries, the International Skating Union decided to organise the World Single Distance Championships.

Starting in 1996, this originally was an annual event, but in 1998 it became clear that having World Single Distance Championships and the Single Distance Championships as held at the Winter Olympics during the same year was too much, so since 1999, the World Single Distance Championships are no longer held in (Winter) Olympic years.

Distances

Note that the 500 m is raced twice to counteract any benefits from starting in the inner lane. This is because the skaters switch lanes for each 400 m lap, so a skater using the inner lane on the first 100 m would have a much lower speed going into that inner lane – and can thus negotiate it more easily. Therefore, each skater will start once in the inner lane, and once in the outer lane. The winner is the skater with the least combined time.

The skaters compete in the following distances:

Men

For medal winners, see World Single Distance Championships for Men.

  • 500 m
  • 1,000 m
  • 1,500 m
  • 5,000 m
  • 10,000 m
  • Team pursuit (since 2005)
  • Mass start (since 2015)
  • Team sprint (since 2019)

Women

For medal winners, see World Single Distance Championships for Women.

  • 500 m
  • 1,000 m
  • 1,500 m
  • 3,000 m
  • 5,000 m
  • Team pursuit (since 2005)
  • Mass start (since 2015)
  • Team sprint (since 2019)

Summary

ISU Single Distance Championships
NumberYearCityCountryEvents
1 1996 Hamar {{NOR}} 10
2 1997 Warsaw {{POL}} 10
3 1998 Calgary {{CAN}} 10
4 1999 Heerenveen {{NED}} 10
5 2000 Nagano {{JPN}} 10
6 2001 Salt Lake City {{USA}} 10
7 2003 Berlin {{GER}} 10
8 2004 Seoul {{KOR}} 10
9 2005 Inzell {{GER}} 12
10 2007 Salt Lake City {{USA}} 12
11 2008 Nagano {{JPN}} 12
12 2009 Vancouver {{CAN}} 12
13 2011 Inzell {{GER}} 12
14 2012 Heerenveen {{NED}} 12
15 2013 Sochi {{RUS}} 12
16 2015 Heerenveen {{NED}} 14
17 2016 Kolomna {{RUS}} 14
18 2017 Gangneung {{KOR}} 14
19 2019 Inzell {{GER}} 16

Medal summary

The medal table by nations is the total number of the 16 distances (men and women) at all of the 19 championships (1996–2019). The individual tables are about the eight distances by gender.

Nations

All medals, click on the nation to go to the list of medallists.

{{Medals table
| caption =
| host =
| flag_template = flagcountry
| event =
| team =
| gold_NED = 85 | silver_NED = 77 | bronze_NED = 61 | name_NED = {{flagicon|NED}} Netherlands
| gold_GER = 36 | silver_GER = 33 | bronze_GER = 26
| gold_CAN = 22 | silver_CAN = 26 | bronze_CAN = 33
| gold_USA = 20 | silver_USA = 13 | bronze_USA = 24
| gold_CZE = 15 | silver_CZE = 4 | bronze_CZE = 1
| gold_JPN = 10 | silver_JPN = 16 | bronze_JPN = 18
| gold_RUS = 10 | silver_RUS = 11 | bronze_RUS = 24
| gold_KOR = 10 | silver_KOR = 10 | bronze_KOR = 7
| gold_NOR = 8 | silver_NOR = 13 | bronze_NOR = 8
| gold_CHN = 3 | silver_CHN = 8 | bronze_CHN = 5
| gold_AUT = 2 | silver_AUT = 1 | bronze_AUT = 2
| gold_KAZ = 1 | silver_KAZ = 0 | bronze_KAZ = 1
| gold_ITA = 0 | silver_ITA = 6 | bronze_ITA = 2
| gold_BEL = 0 | silver_BEL = 2 | bronze_BEL = 1
| gold_FRA = 0 | silver_FRA = 1 | bronze_FRA = 2
| gold_POL = 0 | silver_POL = 1 | bronze_POL = 2
| gold_BLR = 0 | silver_BLR = 1 | bronze_BLR = 1 | name_BLR = {{flagicon|BLR}} Belarus
| gold_NZL = 0 | silver_NZL = 1 | bronze_NZL = 1 | name_NZL = {{flagicon|NZL}} New Zealand
| gold_SWE = 0 | silver_SWE = 1 | bronze_SWE = 0 | name_SWE = {{flagicon|SWE}} Sweden
| gold_FIN = 0 | silver_FIN = 0 | bronze_FIN = 2 | name_FIN = {{flagicon|FIN}} Finland
}}

Men

Top 10, including team pursuit and team sprint. Boldface denotes active skaters and highest medal count among all skaters (including those who are not included in these tables) per type.

RankSkaterCountryFromToGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Sven Kramer{{NED}} 2007 2019 202224
2 Shani Davis{{USA}} 2004 2015 84315
3 Bob de Jong{{NED}} 1997 2013 78520
4 Gianni Romme{{NED}} 1996 2004 72312
5 Erben Wennemars{{NED}} 1999 2008 62311
6 Carl Verheijen{{NED}} 2001 2009 55313
7 Hiroyasu Shimizu{{JPN}} 1996 2005 53210
8Jorrit Bergsma{{NED}} 2012 2019 46–10
Ådne Søndrål{{NOR}} 1996 2001 46–10
10 Jeremy Wotherspoon{{CAN}} 1998 2005 43310

Women

Top 10, including team pursuit and team sprint. Boldface denotes active skaters and highest medal count among all skaters (including those who are not included in these tables) per type.

RankSkaterCountryFromToGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Martina Sáblíková{{CZE}} 2007 2019 154–19
2 Ireen Wüst{{NED}} 2007 2019 1314128
3 Anni Friesinger{{GER}} 1997 2009 129122
4 Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann{{GER}} 1996 2001 113–14
5 Christine Nesbitt{{CAN}} 2007 2013 72312
6 Claudia Pechstein{{GER}} 1996 2017 5131230
7 Monique Garbrecht-Enfeldt{{GER}} 1999 2003 42–6
8 Jenny Wolf{{GER}} 2007 2011 4––4
9 Cindy Klassen{{CAN}} 2001 2012 34411
10 Kristina Groves{{CAN}} 2005 2009 33713

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.isu.org/media/419577/announcement-isu-world-single-distances-ss-champs-2017-gangneung.pdf |title=ISU World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships 2016, Kolomna, Russia |website=ISU.org |publisher=International Skating Union |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311172946/http://static.isu.org/media/1002/announcement-world-single-distances-ss-champs-2016-kolomna.pdf |archive-date=11 March 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.isu.org/media/419577/announcement-isu-world-single-distances-ss-champs-2017-gangneung.pdf |title=ISU World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships 2017, Gangneung, Korea |website=ISU.org |publisher=International Skating Union |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202235352/http://static.isu.org/media/419577/announcement-isu-world-single-distances-ss-champs-2017-gangneung.pdf |archive-date=2 February 2017}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=ISU World Single Distances Speed Skating Championships, 2019 Inzell, Germany |url=https://www.isu.org/events/eventdetail/11204/-/isu-world-single-distances-speed-skating-championships?templateParam=11 |website=ISU.org |publisher=International Skating Union |accessdate=12 July 2018}}
{{World skate champs}}{{World Speed Skating Championships}}

1 : World Speed Skating Championships
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