1. References

Van der Horst's early research concentrated on the anatomy of the nervous system of fishes and he published papers on this topic, at the same time he grew interested in corals and published a monograph on the Fungiidae, Agariciidae and Eupsammiidae collected by the Siboga Expedition, as well as writing a paper on the Agariciidae collected by the Percy Sladen Expedition of the Linnean Society. In 1920 Van der Horst undertook a trip to Curaçao to conduct research into the marine fauna, he had studies so many coral skeletons that he wanted to examine the living organisms. He stayed at the old Quarantine Station on the island and studies the fauna using a box with a glass bottom but his studies were much facilitated when the Chief of Public Works lent him a diving suit.^[2] He amassed a large collection of specimens while in Curaçao and these specimens were studied by over twenty specialists and resulted in many papers. van der Horst wrote a travelogue detailing the sites where he collected his specimens and later he published a list of the corals with notes on their morphology. At the same time he was editing papers on the acorn worms or Enteropneusta, a group of animals about which he was to publish a series of publications. In his research on acrorn worms he demonstrated a thorough knowledge of the literature, as well as a clear understanding of the complex anatomy and morphology of this group, he soon becaome recognised as one of the leading authorities on the Enteropneusta.^[1] While in Curaçao among the specimens he collected was the type of a new species of goby which was subsequently named after him, Elacatinus horsti.^[3]

Following his trip to Curaçao, van der Horst continued to research brain anatomy for a few months under Charles Judson Herrick at the University of Chicago. His continuing interest in this field was shown some years later when he went to Stockholm to collaborate with Nils Holmgren in an investigation into the anatomy of the brain of Neoceratodus. He also wrote several chapters in Heinrich Georg Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild (Classes and orders of the Animal Kingdom, scientifically represented in words and pictures")^[4] and contributed a chapter on spinal nerves to the "Handbuch der Vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbeltiere ("Handbook of Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates").^[1]

In South Africa, van der Horst continued his research in the field of systematic zoology, publishing many article on acorn worms, corals and new and remarkable fish from South Africa, as well as some work on mammal systematics. At this time he was beginning to gather materials to conduct research into the embryology of mammals. Between 1940 and 1946 he published a series of articles with Joseph Gilman on embryology on the group of African mammals now known as Afrotheria, such as aardvark, golden moles and elephant shrews, their work being important in clarifying the systematics of these mammals. The visit to Curaçao had stimulated a lifelong interest in marine biology^[4] and when in South Africa he conducted expeditions to Inhaca with his students and gradually a small marine biological station was created there, which van der Horst helped create with the cooperation of Portuguese colonial authorities in Mozambique. He was instrumental in organising research into the fossil reptiles and mammals of South Africa; and connected the University of the Witwatersrand with the Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research.^[1] He was honorary director of the Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research.^[5]

He was a member of the Royal Society of South Africa, a correspondent of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences, a foreign member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, a member of the Institute International d'Embryologie and a corresponding member of the Zoological Society of London. He was awarded a gold medal by the Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1950

awarded in commemoration of Carl Linnaeus.^[1] Other species named for van der Horst include the ribbon worm Micrura vanderhorsti, the upside down jellyfish Cassiopea vanderhorsti and the acorn worm Saccoglossus horsti.^[6]

References

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