| 词条 | Wouter van Twiller |
| 释义 |
| name = Wouter van Twiller | image = Wouter van Twiller crop.jpg | imagesize = 267 | caption = A painting of Wouter van Twiller by Washington Allston (detail) | order = 5th | office = Director of New Netherland | term_start = 1633 | term_end = 1638 | predecessor = Sebastiaen Jansen Krol | successor = Willem Kieft | birth_date = {{birth date|1606|05|22}} | birth_place = Nijkerk, Netherlands | death_date = {{Death date and age|1654|08|29|1606|05|22}} | death_place = Amsterdam, Netherlands }}{{New Netherland}} Wouter van Twiller (May 22, 1606 – buried August 29, 1654) was an employee of the Dutch West India Company and the Director of New Netherland from 1632[1] until 1638. He succeeded Peter Minuit, who was recalled by the Dutch West India authorities in Amsterdam for unknown reasons. Life and careerVan Twiller was born in Nijkerk, the son of Ryckaert and Maria van Rensselaer van Twiller. Kiliaen van Rensselaer was his maternal uncle.[2] He was appointed to the position because he had made two voyages to New Netherland colony before, and had been a clerk in the warehouse of the Dutch West India company for nearly five years.[3] Rensselaer entrusted him with shipping cattle to Rensselaerswyck, his colonial estate on the Hudson River. Van Twiller was somewhat acquainted with the geography of New Netherlands and the condition of its affairs. Largely through Van Rensselaer's influence the Dutch West India Company chose him as the new Director-General of New Netherlands,[4] and he set sail for New Amsterdam in the ship De Soutberg in 1633.[1] Amid a considerable amount of land and properties, including islands known in the present day as Roosevelt Island and Randalls and Wards Islands, Van Twiller purchased 'Noten Eylant', later called Governors Island[5] from a tribe of Canarsee Indians for two axe heads, a string of beads and some iron nails. While in office, settlers from New England occupied the Connecticut Valley and he was never able to oust them.[4] He was able to defend the Dutch territory in the Delaware Valley, where his soldiers captured a shipload of intended settlers from Virginia and expelled soldiers who had taken Fort Nassau.[6] Van Twiller was able to both increase the colony's prosperity and amass a private fortune despite conflicts with Everhardus Bogardus, Dutch Reformed predikant of the New Netherland colony; and fiscaal Lubbert van Dincklagen, who didn't think much of his ability to manage the affairs of New Netherland properly. To succeed Van Twiller as Director-General, the Dutch West India Company sent Willem Kieft in September 1637. Van Twiller subsequently returned to the Netherlands and assumed guardianship of Johannes, eldest son of Killian van Rensselaer, following the death of that patroon in 1644.[4] He died in Amsterdam. See also
ReferencesNotes1. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Venema |first1=Janny |title=Kiliaen van Rensselar (1586-1643) Designing a New World |date=2010 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=9789087041960 |page=254 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=yEGavcYnJgUC&pg=PA252&lpg=PA252&dq |accessdate=23 March 2019}} Bibliography2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=iNIUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1164&lpg=PA1164&dq=Elizabeth+Van+Cortlandt&source=bl&ots=XfqRtwksXf&sig=CQqX2yheWFsGW3LD4AneJMgOk6s&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiVz4Ol-LvMAhWSCD4KHVkWDgsQ6AEILjAD#v=onepage&q=Elizabeth%20Van%20Cortlandt&f=false Reynolds, Cuyler. "Van Rensselaer", Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley, Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1914] 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Lamb |first1=Martha J. |title=History of the City of New York. Its origin, rise and progress |date=1877 |publisher=A.S. Barnes and Co. |page=66 |url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofcityofn02lambm/historyofcityofn02lambm#page/66/mode/1up |accessdate=23 March 2019 |quote=Governor Van Twiller 1633-1638}} 4. ^1 2 "Wouter van Twiller", New Netherland Institute 5. ^{{cite gotham}}, p.29 6. ^{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=13f13lTfG4AC&pg=PA152&lpg=PA152&dq=fort+orange+hotel+albany+ny&source=web&ots=M29nbiScqT&sig=QigCG7FfnN9xLNNA60rDtpTuETs&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=10&ct=result#v=onepage&q=fort%20orange%20hotel%20albany%20ny&f=false | year = 1853 | pages = 254–255 | publisher = Harper & Brothers | title = History of the State of New York: First Period 1609-1664 | author = Brodhead, John Romeyn}}
8 : 1606 births|1654 deaths|American people of Dutch descent|People from Nijkerk|Directors of New Netherland|17th-century Dutch people|Dutch emigrants to New Netherland|Van Rensselaer family |
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