| 词条 | Cotula alpina |
| 释义 |
| image = 20050926-cotualpi0121.jpg | image_caption = | regnum = Plantae | ordo = Asterales | familia = Asteraceae | genus = Cotula | species = C. alpina | binomial = Cotula alpina | binomial_authority = Hemsl. | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Asterids }} Cotula alpina, also known as the alpine cotula, is a perennial herb in the Asteraceae family. It is a small flowering plant that forms ground covering mats and is well adapted to alpine environments. DescriptionAlpine cotula has flat glabrous light-green leaves that are pinnately divided almost to the midrib.[1][2] It forms a large number of rosettes which lie just above ground level while the leaves are hairless and between 1–3 cm in length and 5-10 mm wide.[1][2] They are slow growing plants and are often stoloniferous.[3] It can be easily confused with Leptinella filicula which has similar looking leaves and is also part of the Asteraceae family.[4] Flowering occurs from spring through to summer.[2] Each rosette produces a single yellow to cream flower, about 7 mm in diameter.[3] They are at the top of erect stalks that are generally shorter than the leaves but extend further when fruiting.[9] A unique characteristic of C. alpina is that the flower-bearing stalks are hollow.[3] Distribution and habitatC. alpina is found in heath, short herbfield and tussock grasslands in alpine and sub-alpine areas.[1] It is common in the Central Plateau and Midlands of Tasmania and can also be found at high altitudes in Victoria and New South Wales.[2]The herb can survive in shade to full sun and requires high moisture levels for growth.[3] It can also tolerate clay, loam and sandy soil types and is phosphorus intolerant.[3] It can survive through exposed environmental conditions including high winds and low temperatures including snow and frosts.[5] It has been reported to show grazing resistance.[6] Seed and germinationC. aplina has achenes, which are hard, dry fruit which contain a single seed. As the seed matures, the achenes loosen towards the top and develops a fluffy appearance.[5] The seeds are 1.5–2 mm long, compressed laterally and germination can occur after 2 to 4 weeks.[5]References1. ^1 2 Kirkpatrick, J. (1997) Alpine Tasmania: An Illustrated Guide to the Flora and Vegetation. South Melbourne, VIC: Oxford University Press. Pg 71 {{Taxonbar|from=Q15551980}}2. ^1 2 3 Whiting, J., Roberts, J., Reeves, R., Tayler, F. & Tayler, V. (2004) Tasmania's Natural Flora. Ulverstone, TAS: Tasmania's Natural Flora Editorial Committee. Pg 37 3. ^1 2 3 4 "Cotula alpina" PlantNET- New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 5 March 2018 4. ^"Leptinella filicula" PlantNET- New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 8 March 2018 5. ^1 2 3 "Cotula alpina" Understory Network. Understory Network Incorporated, Glenorchy Tasmania, Australia. Retrieved 5 March 2018 6. ^Bridle, K. L. & Kirkpatrick, J. B. (1998) "Why do tall herbs rarely dominate Tasmanian alpine vegetation? Evidence from islands in the Ouse River system". Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. 132 pg. 9-14 1 : Cotula |
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