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词条 Counterfeit illegal drug selling
释义

  1. Types of counterfeited illicit drugs

  2. Relation to drug-related crimes

  3. Legal status

     U.S. Federal Law 

  4. See also

  5. References

{{About|counterfeited illicit recreational drugs|counterfeit drugs with supposed medical applications|counterfeit medications}}{{Orphan|date=March 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2017}}Selling counterfeit illegal drugs is a crime in many U.S. states' legal codes and in the federal law of the United States. It is also illegal to sell counterfeit drugs in the United Kingdom. The fake drugs are sometimes termed as imitation controlled substances.[1]

Types of counterfeited illicit drugs

{{See also|Counterfeit medications#Illicit drugs}}

Some fake drugs consist of substances from relatively harmless sources, such as grocery store goods like flour, oregano or allergy pills. Even despite the substances' harmlessness, legal penalties for the crime of selling them can include time in jail.[2][1]

Certain fake drugs include other controlled drugs, or they may include synthetic drugs with similar properties. Uncertainty of an identity of the substance may increase the risk of an overdose.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}}

A related, yet distinct, problem is the trade of counterfeit medications with pills including substances such as fentanyl which can be used recreationally.[1][2]

Relation to drug-related crimes

{{Further|Drug-related crime}}

There is a low chance of law punishing fraud among illicit drug traders, however it is likely that informal social control among drug traders reduces the likelihood of fraud between illegal trade partners. For instance, getting robbed or losing a business contact may not justify dealer's increased profits for a short-term from fraudulent behavior.[3]

Legal status

Selling counterfeit illicit drugs is illegal even if the substances used to make the imitation drug are not illegal on themselves.[2][8] It is illegal to distribute or sell counterfeit fake drugs in many U.S. states including Nevada,[4] Ohio,[5] Illinois,[6] Florida,[7] Michigan[8] and Massachusetts.[9] Selling counterfeit illicit drugs is also illegal in the United Kingdom.[10]

U.S. Federal Law

Selling counterfeit illicit drugs is illegal under the U.S. federal law.[9] Relevant parts of the U.S. federal law include 21 U.S.C. Section 331 and 18 U.S. Code § 1001.[9]

21 U.S.C. Section 331[11] makes it illegal to sell an adulterated or misbranded drug in interstate commerce.

18 U.S. Code § 1001[12] bans

  • falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact;
  • making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or representation; or
  • making or using any false writing or document knowing that it contains materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statements.

See also

  • Unclean hands

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.realclearhealth.com/articles/2017/04/26/does_crime_pay_when_it_comes_to_fake_drugs__110566.html|title=Does Crime Pay When It Comes to Fake Drugs? - RealClearHealth|publisher=|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.safemedicines.org/2016/08/dea-considers-fentanyl-containing-counterfeit-medications-a-global-threat.html|title=DEA Considers Fentanyl-Containing Counterfeit Medications a Global Threat – Partnership for Safe Medicines|website=www.safemedicines.org|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
3. ^{{cite book|author1=Benoit Leclerc|author2=Richard Wortley|title=Cognition and Crime: Offender Decision Making and Script Analyses|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wVltAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA133|date=15 August 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-18535-9|page=133}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-453.html#NRS453Sec332|title=NRS: CHAPTER 453 - CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES|website=www.leg.state.nv.us|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/2925.37|title=Lawriter - ORC - 2925.37 Counterfeit controlled substance offenses.|website=codes.ohio.gov|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.skokiecriminallawyer.com/2013/01/look-alike-drugs-felony-in-illinois.html|title=LOOK-ALIKE DRUGS: A FELONY IN ILLINOIS|website=www.skokiecriminallawyer.com|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.felonyflorida.com/selling-fake-controlled-substances-florida-statute-817-563.html|title=Selling Fake Controlled Substances - Florida Statute 817.563 :: West Palm Beach Drug Crime Attorney The Law Offices of Roger P. Foley, P.A.|website=www.felonyflorida.com|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.michigancriminallawyer.com/practice-areas/drug-charges/counterfeit-and-synthetic-drug-charges/|title=Counterfeit & Synthetic Drugs - Davis Law Group|publisher=|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.criminaldefenselawyerbostonma.com/can-i-be-convicted-of-selling-fake-drugs/|title=Boston's Criminal Defense Attorney - Keegan Law|date=17 November 2015|publisher=|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
10. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/mbbj44/can-you-be-convicted-for-passing-off-and-selling-legal-substances-as-drugs|title=Can You Be Convicted for Passing Off and Selling Legal Substances as Drugs?|date=11 August 2017|publisher=|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/21/331|title=21 U.S. Code § 331 - Prohibited acts|website=LII / Legal Information Institute|accessdate=23 November 2017}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/1001|title=18 U.S. Code § 1001 - Statements or entries generally|website=LII / Legal Information Institute|accessdate=23 November 2017}}

4 : Crime|Drug control law|Drug policy|History of drug control
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