| 词条 | Wrigley Field (Los Angeles) |
| 释义 |
Not to be confused with Chicago's Wrigley Field.{{Infobox venue | stadium_name = Wrigley Field | image = Wrigley Field Los Angeles Opening Day LOW.jpg | image_size = 325 | caption = Wrigley Field's opening in 1925 | location = 425 E. 42nd Place, Los Angeles, California | coordinates = {{coord|34|0|27|N|118|15|58|W|type:landmark|display=it}} | broke_ground = 1925 | opened = September 29, 1925 | closed = 1969 | demolished = 1969 | owner = William Wrigley Jr, City of Los Angeles | operator = City of Los Angeles | surface = Natural grass; Ivy (walls) | construction_cost = $1.5 million (${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|1500000|1925}}}} in 2017{{inflation-fn|US}}) | general_contractor= A. Lanquist[1] | architect = Zachary Taylor Davis[2] | former_names = | tenants = Los Angeles Angels (PCL) (1925–1957) Hollywood Stars (PCL) (1926–1935, 1938) Pepperdine Waves (NCAA) (1948) Los Angeles Angels (MLB) (1961) | seating_capacity = 22,000 (1925) 20,457 (1961) | dimensions = Left Field – {{convert|340|ft|0|abbr=on}} L.C. Field – {{convert|345|ft|abbr=on}} {{nowrap|Center Field – {{convert|412|ft|abbr=on}}}} R.C. Field – {{convert|345|ft|abbr=on}} Right Field – {{convert|339|ft|abbr=on}} Backstop – {{convert|56|ft|abbr=on}} }} Wrigley Field was a ballpark on the West Coast of the United States, located in Los Angeles, California. It hosted minor league baseball teams in the region for over 30 years. It was the home park for the Los Angeles Angels during their run in the Pacific Coast League, as well as their inaugural season as a major league team in 1961. The park was designed by Zachary Taylor Davis, who had previously designed both Chicago ballparks: Comiskey Park and Wrigley Field.[3] The ballpark was also used as the backdrop for several Hollywood films about baseball, as well as the TV series Home Run Derby. HistoryCalled Wrigley's "Million Dollar Palace", Wrigley Field was built in South Los Angeles in 1925, and was named after William Wrigley Jr., the chewing gum magnate.[1] Wrigley owned the first tenants, the original Los Angeles Angels, a Pacific Coast League team and their parent club the Chicago Cubs. In 1925, the Angels moved from their former home at Washington Park, which was also known as Chutes Park. Wrigley's Major League home (Wrigley Field) in north Chicago was named for him later, in 1926. Wrigley Field in Los Angeles was built to resemble Spanish-style architecture and a somewhat scaled-down version of the Chicago ballpark (known then as Cubs Park) as it looked at the time. It was also the first of the two ballparks to bear Wrigley's name, as the Chicago park was named for Wrigley over a year after the L.A. park's opening. At the time, he owned Santa Catalina Island, and the Cubs were holding their spring training in that island's city of Avalon (whose ball field was located on Avalon Canyon Road and also informally known as "Wrigley Field"). The playing field was aligned northeast (home plate to center field) at an elevation of {{convert|185|ft|round=5}} above sea level. The boundary street in right field (east) was Avalon Boulevard, with a small parking lot. The other boundaries of the block were 41st Street (north, left field), 42nd Place (south, first base line), and San Pedro Street (west, third base line and a larger parking lot). Not only did L.A. Wrigley get its name first, it had more on-site parking than the Chicago version did (or does now). Lights were added to the park in 1930.[1] BaseballDimensionsThe ballpark's dimensions were cozy but symmetrical, giving a nearly equal chance to right and left-handed batters in the Home Run Derby series. The only difference was that the height of the left field wall was {{convert|14.5|ft}}, whereas the right field fence was only {{convert|9|ft}} high. Minor League Baseball 1925–1957For 33 seasons, 1925 to 1957, the park was home to the Angels, who were a farm team of the Chicago Cubs from 1921–56. For 11 seasons, (1926–1935, 1938) the park was also the home of another PCL team, the Hollywood Stars. In 1930, the Angels and Stars combined to draw over 850,000 fans, more than the two major league teams in St. Louis (Browns and Cardinals) drew that season.[1] The Stars eventually moved to their own new ballpark, Gilmore Field, just west of the Pan Pacific Auditorium. Angel players of note included future Dodgers Manager and Hall of Fame member Tommy Lasorda, future Phillies, Twins and Angels Manager Gene Mauch, actor Chuck Connors, Gene Baker, and Andy Pafko. The parent club, Chicago Cubs were the first major league team to play at Wrigley, when they played the Angels in a spring training game in 1926.[1] Years later, on March 20, 1949, The major league Cubs played the defending world champion Cleveland Indians in a spring training game before 24,517.[1] On February 21, 1957, the Dodgers bought Wrigley Field, the Angels franchise and their territorial rights for $3 million (as well as a team in Fort Worth, Texas).[1] L.A. Wrigley's minor league baseball days then ended when the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League transferred to Los Angeles in 1958. The Pacific Coast League Angels franchise were forced to relocate, ending up in Spokane, Washington,[4] as the Indians, with a brand-new stadium. The use of Wrigley, and enlarging it was studied by the Dodgers,[5] as well as the Rose Bowl in Pasadena and the Los Angeles Coliseum.[1] The Dodgers opted for seating capacity over suitability as a baseball field, and instead set up shop for four seasons in the 93,000-seat L.A. Coliseum[6] (which had a {{convert|251|ft|sing=on}} foul line in left field) while awaiting construction of the baseball-only Dodger Stadium, which has a set capacity of 56,000.[7][8] The decision to play at the Coliseum was vindicated when the Dodgers won the 1959 World Series over the Chicago White Sox, with all three games played at the Coliseum attracting over 92,000 fans including the World Series single game attendance record of 92,706 for game 5 of the series. Major League Baseball: Los Angeles AngelsIn October 1960, Major League Baseball added two teams, expanding the American League from 8 to 10 teams. Teams were awarded to Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. The L.A. franchise was awarded to Gene Autry and Bob Reynolds, and was again called the Los Angeles Angels.[1] In 1961, the MLB L.A. Angels began play and, by agreement, took residence at Wrigley for its inaugural season.[9] The agreement had been criticized, with the Dodgers playing the 1961 season at the nearby Coliseum. Wrigley Field had been considered an "abandoned minor league stadium" in a "declining neighborhood" with "terrible parking."[10] The home opener on April 27 was a 4–2 loss to the Minnesota Twins before a crowd of only 11,931.[1][11] Vice President Richard Nixon and Casey Stengel were in attendance, along with Ford Frick, Joe Cronin, and Ty Cobb.[1] The last major league game at Wrigley was on October 1, and Cleveland beat the Angels {{nowrap|8–5}} before 9,868 fans. Steve Bilko hit the last home run in Wrigley.[12] The Angels set a still-standing first-season expansion-team record with 71 wins finishing {{winning percentage|71|91|record=y}}. Thanks to its cozy power alleys,[13] the park became the setting for a real-life version of Home Run Derby, setting another record by yielding 248 home runs; that 248 mark stood for over 30 years. The 1961 Angels were led in hitting by Lee Thomas, .284; in home runs by Leon Wagner, 28 and RBI by Ken Hunt, 84. The pitching staff was led by Ken McBride with 12 wins. Future World Series winning manager Chuck Tanner played in 7 games.[14] The team drew 603,510 fans.[15] In 1962, the Angels moved to the new Dodger Stadium (or "Chavez Ravine", as it was known for Angels games) for four seasons until Anaheim Stadium opened in 1966. The new Dodger Stadium also "took over" for Wrigley Field, as the site of choice for Hollywood filming that required a ballpark setting. Professional boxingWrigley was used frequently for boxing. Six world title boxing bouts were held there, including the 1939 Joe Louis-Jack Roper fight. Sugar Ray Robinson also boxed at Wrigley Field. Robinson won the Middleweight Championship on May 18, 1956, knocking out Carl Olson before 18,000 fans.[1][16] On August 18, 1958, in a Heavyweight Championship fight, Floyd Patterson defeated Roy Harris with 17,000 in attendance.[1] Once a year, from 1945 to 1956, it was also the site of the annual Cavalcade of Jazz concerts.[17] Over 125 jazz artists performed over that period of time. The first Cavalcade of Jazz concert featured Count Basie and the likes of Duke Ellington, Nat King Cole, Louis Armstrong, Big Jay McNeely, Dizzy Gillespie, Dinah Washington, and Lionel Hampton[18], all played for up to 15,000 jazz fans.[19] Football1938 NFL Pro-BowlSeveral weeks after the completion of the {{nfly|1938}} season, the first NFL Pro Bowl was held at Wrigley Field on January 15, 1939.[16][20][21] Sammy Baugh was among those on the rosters that matched the champion New York Giants against All-Star NFL players.[22][23][24] Pepperdine UniversityThe Pepperdine Waves college football team played home games at Wrigley Field in 1948. SoccerOn May 28, 1959, the park hosted a soccer friendly match between England and the United States; England won {{nowrap|8–1}} in front of 13,000 . Movies and television filmingBeing closer to Hollywood than the other major league baseball fields at the dawn of motion pictures, Wrigley Field was a popular place to film baseball movies. The first film known to have used Wrigley as a shooting location was 1927's Babe Comes Home, a silent film starring Babe Ruth. Some well-known movies filmed there were The Pride of the Yankees and the movie version of the stage play Damn Yankees. When Frank Capra filmed the public rally scene at Wrigley for "Meet John Doe" in August 1940,[25] massive sprinklers simulated a downpour because the director included one rainy scene in each movie as good luck.[26] The film noir classic Armored Car Robbery had its title heist set at Wrigley. The ballpark later found its way into television, serving as the backdrop for the Home Run Derby series in 1960, a popular show filmed in 1959 which featured one-on-one contests between baseball's top home run hitters, which had a revival in 1989 when it aired on ESPN,[27] and later on ESPN Classic. Episodes of shows as diverse as The Twilight Zone ("The Mighty Casey", 1960), Mannix ("To Catch a Rabbit", 1969) were also filmed there. Some closeups were filmed there for insertion into the 1951 film Angels in the Outfield, a film otherwise set at Forbes Field in Pittsburgh. A 1932 movie short starring Babe Ruth titled Just Pals was also filmed at Wrigley Field. Jazz ConcertsDemolitionFollowing the Angels' departure, there were no regular tenants at Wrigley Field after 1961. By then the park was owned by the city, and various events were staged. On May 26, 1963, a large crowd attended a civil rights rally featuring Martin Luther King, Jr. By 1966 the park was being used for soccer matches. In October 1968, the ballpark was renamed Gilbert Lindsay Community Center as a first step in renovating the site. Demolition was under way by January 1969. The resulting city park has a ball field in the northwest corner of the property, which was once a parking area. The diamond is locally known as "Wrigley Field", and is the home of Wrigley Little League baseball and softball.[28] The original site of the Wrigley diamond and grandstand is occupied by the Kedren Community Mental Health Center and another parking lot. ReferencesNotes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 http://sabr.org/bioproj/park/3912a666 {{more footnotes|date=July 2010}}Bibliography2. ^http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/4329/ 3. ^http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/building/4329/ 4. ^http://www.ballparksofbaseball.com/past/LAWrigleyField.htm 5. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=A31RAAAAIBAJ&sjid=jBAEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3575%2C2007547 |newspaper=Milwaukee Sentinel |agency=Associated Press |title=O'Malley picks Wrigley Field, then holds off |date=January 14, 1958 |page=2, part 2 }} 6. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VPMzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B-8HAAAAIBAJ&pg=5740%2C1865607 |newspaper=Lodi News-Sentinel |location=California |agency=United Press |title=LA Dodgers can perform in Coliseum |date=January 18, 1958 |page=6 }} 7. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ov1XAAAAIBAJ&sjid=APcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4931%2C417597 |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle |location=Washington |agency=Associated Press |title=Rose Bowl officials, Dodgers will dicker |date=December 18, 1957 |page=22 }} 8. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cQUdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=1IoEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5204%2C1210243 |newspaper=Sarasota Journal |location=Florida |agency=Associated Press |title=Dodgers out of Rose Bowl |date=January 14, 1958 |page=10 }} 9. ^https://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Expansion_of_1961 10. ^http://sabr.org/research/los-angeles-wrigley-field-finest-edifice-united-states 11. ^https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/LAA/1961-schedule-scores.shtml 12. ^https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/LAA/LAA196110010.shtml 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LHMxAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GxEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7262%2C5557230 |newspaper=Milwaukee Sentinel |agency=Associated Press |title=Angels' Wrigley Field still just good park for minors |date=December 10, 1960 |page=4, part 2}} 14. ^https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/LAA/1961.shtml 15. ^https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/ANA/attend.shtml 16. ^1 http://www.laweekly.com/news/10-la-sports-venues-that-are-no-more-4255120 17. ^O’Connell, Sean J, Images of America Los Angeles’s Central Avenue Jazz Arcadia Publishing, 2014. Pages 36 ,70-71. 18. ^Bryant et al., Central Avenue Sounds Jazz in Los Angeles University of California Press Berkeley, 1998. Pages 188-189. 19. ^“15,000 Persons at Wrigley Field for ‘Jazz Cavalcade’” The California Eagle Sept. 27, 1945. 20. ^{{cite news |title=Giants beat Stars; Ward Cuff is hero |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bapQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GiIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6408%2C3438343 |newspaper=Milwaukee Journal |date=January 16, 1939 |agency=United Press|page=L-7}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=BK5eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Ky8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=2941%2C1075945 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |location=(Idaho) |agency=Associated Press |title=New York's Giants defeat All-Stars |date=January 16, 1939|page=6}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iE0bAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KkwEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4738%2C4615797 |work=Pittsburgh Press |agency=United Press |last=McLemore |first=Henry |title='Super' pro grid game proves flop on Coast |date=January 16, 1939 |page=19}} 23. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=i35IAAAAIBAJ&sjid=OoMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4945%2C4318659 |work=Youngstown Vindicator |location=(Ohio) |agency=United Press |last=Guenther |first=Jack |title=Giants down professional all-star grids in charity tilt |date=January 16, 1939 |page=9}} 24. ^https://www.pro-football-reference.com/years/1938/probowl.htm 25. ^Chapman, John, "Looking at Hollywood", Chicago Tribune, September 2, 1940 26. ^"Looking Back at Holl 27. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2a5PAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uQYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4246%2C3728922 |newspaper=Ocala Star-Banner |last=McShane |first=Larry |location=Florida |agency=Associated Press |title='Home Run Derby' is back, back, back on ESPN |date=July 29, 1989 |page=4D }} 28. ^http://www.eteamz.com/Wrigley/
External links
| title = Home of the Los Angeles Angels | years = 1961 | before = First Ballpark | after = Chavez Ravine }}{{succession box | title = Home of the NFL All-Star Game | years = 1938 | before = First Stadium | after = Gilmore Stadium }}{{end}}{{Loyola Lions football navbox}}{{Los Angeles Angels|width=100}}{{Pepperdine Waves football navbox}}{{Temporary and converted baseball parks}} 23 : American football venues in Los Angeles|Baseball venues in Los Angeles|Boxing venues in Los Angeles|Defunct college football venues|Los Angeles Angels stadiums|Los Angeles Angels (PCL) stadiums|Defunct baseball venues in the United States|Defunct Major League Baseball venues|Defunct minor league baseball venues|Demolished sports venues in California|History of Los Angeles|National Football League venues in Los Angeles|Loyola Lions football|Pepperdine Waves football|Soccer venues in Los Angeles|Towers in California|Wrigley Company|South Los Angeles|Demolished buildings and structures in Los Angeles|1965 disestablishments in California|1925 establishments in California|Sports venues completed in 1925|Sports venues demolished in 1969 |
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