| 词条 | CREATES Act |
| 释义 |
The CREATES Act of 2017 is a bipartisan United States bill proposed by sponsor Senator Patrick Leahy. The bill includes measures to reduce price and increase competitiveness of generic pharmaceutical drugs. The bill has been drafted in some form since the year 2016.[1] Measures in the bill are intended to prevent pharmaceutical companies from blocking companies from producing generic drugs by refusing to sell drugs to the new companies, or taking advantage of safety regulation to block new drugs. Generic drug companies would be allowed to sue to gain access to samples.[2] The resulting impact of the bill would be a reduction in generic drug prices via increased market competition.[3] The Congressional Budget Office has provided estimates that the bill would save $3.8 billion over a 10-year period.[2] HistoryThe bill was intended for inclusion in the February 2018 budget package. However, as a result of lobbying from pharmaceutical companies and other opposition, the provision was removed from the final budget provision.[4] SupportThe bill has support from conservatives including Senators Ted Cruz of Texas and Mike Lee of Utah. Liberal Democrat senators have also voiced support of the bill including Senators Dianne Feinstein of California and Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island. The bill also include support from prominent think tanks including conservative groups Heritage Action and FreedomWorks, as well as liberal think tanks Families USA and Public Citizen.[2][5][6] Public surveys as a result of the bill have polled if Congress and Trump “need to do more” on drug prices, with 75% surveyed saying that they "need to do more", while around 10% of those surveyed said that they think that they have done enough.[7] OppositionOpponents of the CREATES Act have suggested that the bill does not advocate a good solution to the issue of Risk Evaluation Mitigation Strategy with Elements to Assure Safe Use, or "REMS with ETASU" processes.[8] These programs can include physician training, patient registries or follow-up testing.[9] The bill is opposed by Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA).[2] References1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/econostats/2016/09/12/health-care-needs-effective-reforms-not-the-creates-act/#40b2cfa55361|title=Health Care Needs Effective Reforms, Not The CREATES Act|last=Winegarden|first=Wayne|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-02-12|language=en}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/paloma/the-health-202/2018/02/12/the-health-202-here-s-the-one-real-change-to-drug-pricing-being-ignored-by-congress/5a7de5f630fb041c3c7d7785/|title=Analysis {{!}} The Health 202: Here's a real change to drug pricing being ignored by Congress|last=Cunningham|first=Paige Winfield|date=2018-02-12|work=Washington Post|access-date=2018-02-12|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/phrma-furious-medicare-budget-1518131418-0a0c5017-7c5c-4425-a96a-05bd558bc837.html|title=Pharma furious after being "blindsided" in budget deal|website=Axios|language=en|access-date=2018-02-12}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://theintercept.com/2018/02/08/spending-bill-creates-act-drug-prices/|title=Senate Republicans Kept Provision to Fight High Drug Prices Out of Spending Bill, Democrats Say|last=Dayen|first=David|date=2018-02-08|website=The Intercept|language=en-US|access-date=2018-02-12}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/974/cosponsors|title=Cosponsors - S.974 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): CREATES Act of 2017|last=Patrick|first=Leahy,|date=2017-04-27|website=www.congress.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-02-12}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/healthcare/369537-the-creates-act-lower-drug-costs-without-price-controls|title=The Creates Act: Lower drug costs without price controls|last=Jordan|first=Chuck|date=2018-01-18|work=TheHill|access-date=2018-02-12|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/newsletters/axios-vitals-b34c970b-e90c-42b8-aa2c-e40da435569b.html|title=Vitals|website=Axios|language=en|access-date=2018-02-12}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/econostats/2016/09/12/health-care-needs-effective-reforms-not-the-creates-act/#11b384805361|title=Health Care Needs Effective Reforms, Not The CREATES Act|last=Winegarden|first=Wayne|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-02-12|language=en}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-06-20/get-generic-drugs-to-market-faster|title=Get Generic Drugs to Market Faster|date=2017-06-20|work=Bloomberg.com|access-date=2018-02-12|language=en}} 1 : Proposed legislation of the 115th United States Congress |
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