| 词条 | Cueva Antón |
| 释义 |
| name = Cueva Antón | native_name = Cueva Antón | alternate_name = | image = | image_size = 250px | alt = | caption = | map_type = Spain Murcia#Spain | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in Spain | map_size = 250px | altitude_m = | altitude_ref = | relief = yes | coordinates = | location = Mula basin | region = | type = | part_of = | length = | width = | area = | height = | builder = | material = | built = | abandoned = | epochs = | cultures = | dependency_of = | occupants = | event = | excavations = | archaeologists = João Zilhão | condition = | ownership = | management = | public_access = | website = | notes = }} Cueva Antón is a paleoanthropological and archeological site in the Region of Murcia of southeast Spain. The cave is located about 60 kilometers from the Mediterranean port city of Cartagena inland in the territory of the municipality of Mula. It was eroded by the Río Mula and served as a cave in the Middle Palaeolithic inhabited by Neanderthals. The cave became internationally known in 2010, after a shell at least 43,000 years old with adhering orange pigment was discovered there. The pigment found was interpreted as evidence that the shell was used "in an aesthetic and probably symbolic" way. The find from the Cueva Antón was published together with similar finds from the {{Interlanguage link multi|Cueva de los Aviones|es}}; they were named as the first such Neanderthal jewelry found in Europe. The colonization of the Iberian Peninsula by modern man ( Homo sapiens ) took place only several thousand years after the creation of the jewelry from the Cueva Antón.[1][2] This site is the last known place where Neanderthal people resided.[3]The rock of the cave is Eocene limestone. It is at the base of a 25 meter high cliff on the bank of the Río Mula. The base of the cave was filled with four meters of sediment. References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zilhao|first1=J.|last2=Angelucci|first2=D. E.|last3=Badal-Garcia|first3=E.|last4=d'Errico|first4=F.|last5=Daniel|first5=F.|last6=Dayet|first6=L.|last7=Douka|first7=K.|last8=Higham|first8=T. F. G.|last9=Martinez-Sanchez|first9=M. J.|last10=Montes-Bernardez|first10=R.|last11=Murcia-Mascaros|first11=S.|last12=Perez-Sirvent|first12=C.|last13=Roldan-Garcia|first13=C.|last14=Vanhaeren|first14=M.|last15=Villaverde|first15=V.|last16=Wood|first16=R.|last17=Zapata|first17=J.|title=Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|date=11 January 2010|volume=107|issue=3|pages=1023–1028|doi=10.1073/pnas.0914088107|pmc=2824307}} {{Navbox prehistoric caves}}2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Balter|first1=M.|title=Neandertal Jewelry Shows Their Symbolic Smarts|journal=Science|date=14 January 2010|volume=327|issue=5963|pages=255–256|doi=10.1126/science.327.5963.255}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Zilhão|first1=João|last2=Anesin|first2=Daniela|last3=Aubry|first3=Thierry|last4=Badal|first4=Ernestina|last5=Cabanes|first5=Dan|last6=Kehl|first6=Martin|last7=Klasen|first7=Nicole|last8=Lucena|first8=Armando|last9=Martín-Lerma|first9=Ignacio|last10=Martínez|first10=Susana|last11=Matias|first11=Henrique|last12=Susini|first12=Davide|last13=Steier|first13=Peter|last14=Wild|first14=Eva Maria|last15=Angelucci|first15=Diego E.|last16=Villaverde|first16=Valentín|last17=Zapata|first17=Josefina|title=Precise dating of the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition in Murcia (Spain) supports late Neandertal persistence in Iberia|journal=Heliyon|date=November 2017|volume=3|issue=11|pages=e00435|url=http://www.heliyon.com/article/e00435|doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00435}} 4 : Neanderthal sites|Caves of Spain|Paleolithic Europe|Archaeological sites in Spain |
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