| 词条 | Cygnus NG-10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Cygnus NG-10 | image = Northrop Grumman's CRS-10 at the International Space Station.jpg | image_caption = S.S. John Young at the Space Station | insignia = Cygnus NG-10 Patch.png | mission_type = ISS resupply | operator = NASA | COSPAR_ID = | SATCAT = | mission_duration = 3 months, 8 days | spacecraft = S.S. John Young | spacecraft_type = Enhanced Cygnus[2] | manufacturer = Northrop Grumman Thales Alenia Space | dry_mass = | launch_mass = | launch_date = 17 November 2018, 09:01:31 UTC | launch_rocket = Antares 230[3] | launch_site = MARS LP-0A | launch_contractor = Northrop Grumman | disposal_type = | decay_date = Feb. 25, 2019 & 09:05 UTC [1] | orbit_epoch = Planned | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = | orbit_apoapsis = | orbit_inclination = 51.6 degrees | orbit_period = | apsis = gee | docking = | docking_target = ISS | docking_type = berth | docking_port = Unity nadir[2] | capture_date = 19 November 2018, 10:28 UTC[2] | docking_date = 19 November 2018, 12:31 UTC[2] | undocking_date = | release_date = | time_docked = | cargo_mass = {{convert|7385.5|lb|kg|0|order=flip|abbr=on}}[8] | cargo_mass_press = {{convert|7215.8|lb|kg|0|order=flip|abbr=on}}[8] | cargo_mass_unpress = {{convert|169.8|lb|kg|0|order=flip|abbr=on}}[8] | programme = Commercial Resupply Services | previous_mission = Cygnus CRS OA-9E | next_mission = Cygnus NG-11 }}Cygnus NG-10, also known as CRS-10,[3] previously known as CRS OA-10E, is the eleventh flight of the Northrop Grumman unmanned resupply spacecraft Cygnus and its tenth flight to the International Space Station under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA.[12][13] The mission launched on 17 November 2018 at 4:01 AM EST.[4][5] This particular mission is part of an extension of the initial CRS contract that enables NASA to cover the ISS resupply needs until the Commercial Resupply Services 2 contract enters in effect.[16]Orbital ATK and NASA jointly developed a new space transportation system to provide commercial cargo resupply services to the International Space Station (ISS). Under the Commercial Orbital Transportation System (COTS) program, then Orbital Sciences designed and built Antares, a medium-class launch vehicle; Cygnus, an advanced maneuvering spacecraft, and a Pressurized Cargo Module which is provided by Orbital's industrial partner Thales Alenia Space.[17] Northrop Grumman purchased Orbital in June 2018, and it was renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.[6] HistoryThe COTS demonstration mission was successfully conducted in September 2013, and Orbital commenced operational ISS cargo missions under the Commercial Resupply Service (CRS) program with two missions in 2014. Regrettably, the third operational mission, Orb CRS-3, resulted was not successful due to spectacular Antares failure during launch. The company decided to discontinue the Antares 100 series and accelerate the introduction of a new propulsion. The Antares system will be upgraded with newly built RD-181 first-stage engines to provide greater payload performance and increased reliability.[3] In the meantime, the company had contracted with United Launch Alliance for an Atlas V launch of CRS OA-4 in late 2015 from Cape Canaveral, FL, with a second Atlas V Cygnus launch in 2016.[3][21] The company had planned Cygnus missions for the first (CRS OA-5), second (CRS OA-6) and fourth quarters (CRS OA-7) of 2016. Two of which flew on the new Antares 230 and one on the aforementioned second Atlas V. These three missions enabled Orbital ATK to cover their initial CRS contracted payload obligation.[21][16] This particular mission, known as OA-9E, is part of an extension program that will enable NASA to cover the ISS resupply needs until the Commercial Resupply Services 2 contract enters in effect, and thus the E indicates that it actually is an extension above the originally contracted payload transport.[16] Production and integration of Cygnus spacecraft is performed in Dulles, Virginia. The Cygnus service module is mated with the pressurized cargo module at the launch site, and mission operations are conducted from control centers in Dulles and Houston.[17] Spacecraft{{main|Cygnus (spacecraft)}}This is the second-to-last of the eleven flights by Northrop Grumman under the Commercial Resupply Services contract with NASA, and it's considered an extension over the originally contracted flights. This will be the seventh flight of the Enhanced sized Cygnus PCM.[21] In an Orbital ATK tradition, this Cygnus spacecraft was named the S.S. John Young. He is the only person to fly twice on each of three NASA programs which included Gemini, Apollo, and the Space Shuttle. John Young passed away on January 5th, 2018 at age 87. Launch and early operationsAfter Northrop Grumman purchased Orbital ATK in June 2018, the mission was changed from OA-10E to NG-10. The Antares rocket was built and processed in the Horizontal Integration Facility over the course of six months. The rocket was rolled out to MARS pad 0A where it was originally planned to launch November 15th, 2018 but was delayed due to inclement weather. But friday's launch attempt was scrubbed due to weather and rescheduled to November 17th.
ManifestTotal weight of cargo: {{cvt|7385.5|lb|kg|0|order=flip}}.[8]
References1. ^[https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/missions/iss/ng-10-cygnus-ends-post-iss-mission-after-deploying-satellites/ NG-10 Cygnus ends post-ISS mission after deploying satellites] [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]2. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/11/19/space-station-receives-second-of-back-to-back-cargo-deliveries/ |title=Space station receives second of back-to-back cargo deliveries |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=19 November 2018 |access-date=19 November 2018}} 3. ^[https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/northrop_grumman_crs-10_overview_high_res_final.pdf Overview - CRS-10 mission], Northrop Grumman and NASA. 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.space.com/42434-antares-rocket-nasa-launch-delay-ng10.html|title=Space.com|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/ |title=Launch schedule |work=Spaceflight Now |last=Clark |first=Stephen |date=14 October 2018 |access-date=17 October 2018}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://spacenews.com/acquisition-of-orbital-atk-approved-company-renamed-northrop-grumman-innovation-systems/ |title=Acquisition of Orbital ATK approved, company renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems |first=Sandra |last=Erwin |work=SpaceNews |date=5 June 2018 |access-date=23 July 2018}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/08/orbital-atk-progress-return-antares/ |title=Orbital ATK make progress toward Return To Flight of Antares rocket |last=Gebhardt |first=Chris |date=14 August 2015 |website=NASASpaceflight.com |accessdate=14 August 2015}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=https://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/human-space-advanced-systems/commercial-resupply-services/docs/FS006_08_OA_3891%20Cygnus.pdf |title=Cygnus Fact Sheet |publisher=Orbital ATK |date=24 March 2015 |accessdate=14 August 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926095427/http://www.orbitalatk.com/space-systems/human-space-advanced-systems/commercial-resupply-services/docs/FS006_08_OA_3891%20Cygnus.pdf |archivedate=26 September 2015 |df=}} 9. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/CRSUpdate/default.aspx |title=Orbital ATK Team on Track for Fall 2015 Cygnus Mission and Antares Return to Flight in 2016 |publisher=Orbital ATK |date=12 August 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814233300/http://www.orbitalatk.com/news-room/feature-stories/CRSUpdate/default.aspx |archivedate=14 August 2015}} 10. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://spider.seds.org/shuttle/iss-sche.html |title=International Space Station Flight Schedule |date=15 May 2013 |publisher=Students for the Exploration and Development of Space}} 11. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/tracking/index.html |title=Worldwide launch schedule |accessdate=12 February 2015 |publisher=spaceflightnow.com}} 12. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://spacenews.com/nasa-orders-two-more-iss-cargo-missions-from-orbital-atk/ |title=NASA Orders Two More ISS Cargo Missions From Orbital ATK |last=Leone |first=Dan |website=SpaceNews.com |date=17 August 2015 |accessdate=17 August 2015}} 13. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://spacenews.com/nasa-considering-more-cargo-orders-from-orbital-atk-spacex/ |title=NASA Considering More Cargo Orders from Orbital ATK, SpaceX |last=Leone |first=Dan |website=SpaceNews.com |date=20 August 2015 |accessdate=20 August 2015}} 14. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/northrop_grumman_crs-10_overview_high_res_final.pdf#page=2 |title=Northrop Grumman CRS-10 Mission Overview |author= |date= |website=nasa.gov |publisher=NASA |access-date=15 November 2018 |quote=}} }}{{Portal bar |Spaceflight}}{{Cygnus spaceflights}}{{Unmanned ISS resupply flights}}{{Orbital launches in 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cygnus 010}} 4 : Cygnus (spacecraft)|Supply vehicles for the International Space Station|Spacecraft launched by Antares rockets|Spacecraft launched in 2018 |
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