| 词条 | X-15 Flight 91 |
| 释义 |
| name = Flight 91 | image = | image_caption = | insignia = | mission_type = Test flight | operator = US Air Force/NASA | mission_duration = 11 minutes, 8.6 seconds | suborbital_apogee = {{convert|107.96|km|mi|sp=us}} | distance_travelled = {{convert|543.4|km|mi|sp=us}} | spacecraft = X-15 | manufacturer = North American | launch_mass = {{convert|15195|kg|lb}} | dry_mass = {{convert|6577|kg|lb}} | landing_mass = {{convert|6260|kg|lb}} | launch_date = {{start-date|August 22, 1963, 18:05:57|timezone=yes}} UTC | launch_site = NB-52A #52-003, Edwards Dropped over Smith Ranch Dry Lake {{coord|39|20|N|117|29|W|}} | landing_date = {{end-date|August 22, 1963, 18:17:05|timezone=yes}} UTC | landing_site = Rogers Dry Lake, Edwards | crew_size = 1 | crew_members = Joseph A. Walker | crew_photo = WalkerE-6682.jpg | crew_photo_caption = Joe Walker }} X-15 Flight 91 was a 1963 American manned mission, and the second and final flight in the program to achieve sub-orbital spaceflight—a flight over 100 km in altitude—which was previously achieved during Flight 90 a month earlier. It was the highest flight of the X-15 program. It was the first flight of a reused spacecraft, as plane number three flew the previous sub-orbital flight on July 19. This mission was piloted by Joseph A. Walker on August 22, 1963, with the air-launch occurring from a modified Boeing B-52 Stratofortress support plane over Smith Ranch Dry Lake, Nevada, United States. Walker piloted the X-15 to an altitude of 107.96 km and remained weightless for approximately five minutes. The altitude was the highest manned flight by a spaceplane to that time and remained the record until the 1981 flight of Space Shuttle Columbia. Walker landed the X-15 about 12 minutes after it was launched, at Rogers Dry Lake, Edwards Airforce Base, in California. This was Walker's final X-15 flight. Crew{{Spaceflight crew|terminology = Astronaut |position1 = Pilot |crew1_up = Joseph A. Walker |flights1_up = Second and last }} Mission parameters
Mission highlightsOn this flight, Joe Walker became the first person to enter space twice. He had a maximum speed of 3,794 mph (6,106 km/h) and a maximum altitude of 354,200 feet. Second and final X-15 flight over 67 miles.[1] Unofficial altitude record set for class. Highest altitude achieved by X-15.[1] Last flight for Walker in X-15 program. Number 1 left RCS nozzle froze up. First flight with altitude predictor instrument (needed calibration). The mission was flown by X-15 #3, serial 56-6672 on its 22nd flight.[1] Launched by: NB-52A #003, Pilots Bement & Lewis. Takeoff: 17:09 UTC. Landing: 18:56 UTC. Chase pilots: Wood, Dana, Gordon and Rogers. The X-15 engine burned about 85 seconds. Near the end of the burn, acceleration built up to about 4 G (39 m/s²). Weightlessness lasted for 3 to 5 minutes. Re-entry heating warmed the exterior of the X-15 to 650°C in places. During pull-up after re-entry, acceleration built up to 5 G (49 m/s²) for 20 seconds. The entire flight was about 12 minutes from launch to landing. Notes1. ^1 2 Jenkins (2000), p. 119 References
| first = Dennis R. | last = Jenkins | title = Hypersonics Before the Shuttle: A Concise History of the X-15 Research Airplane |id = {{hdl|2060/20000068530}}; Document ID: 20000068530 | series = NASA Technical Reports | year = 2000 | publisher = NASA | url = }}
| first = A. B. | last = Price | title =Thermal protection system X-15A-2 Design Report | id = {{hdl|2060/19680016245}}; Document ID: 19680016245 | series = NASA Technical Reports | year = 1968 | publisher = NASA }}
| first = W. H. | last = Stillwell | title = X-15 research results with a selected bibliography | id ={{hdl|2060/19650010561}}; Document ID: 19650010561 | series = NASA Technical Reports | year = 1965 | publisher = NASA }}
| first = Joe D. | last = Watts | title =Flight experience with shock impingement and interference heating on the X-15-2 research airplane |id = {{hdl|2060/19920075739}}; Document ID: 19920075739 | series = NASA Technical Reports | year = 1968 | publisher = NASA }}{{North American X-15}} 3 : 1963 in spaceflight|Suborbital human spaceflights|X-15 program |
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