| 词条 | Yabucoa, Puerto Rico |
| 释义 |
| name = Yabucoa | official_name = | native_name = Municipio de Yabucoa | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = Town and Municipality | image_skyline = Seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera) shrub at Playa Lucia, Yabucoa, Puerto Rico.jpg | imagesize = 250px | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Yabucoa.svg | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | nicknames = "Ciudad del Azúcar", "El Pueblo de Yuca", "Los Bebe Leche" | motto = | anthem = "Yabucoa es mi Pueblo" | image_map = Locator map Puerto Rico Yabucoa.png | mapsize = 300px | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Yabucoa, Puerto Rico | coordinates = {{coord|18|03|02|N|65|52|46|W|type:city_region:US-PR|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = Territory | subdivision_name1 = Puerto Rico | established_title = Founded | established_date = October 3, 1793 | founder = Carlos Morales | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = PPD | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Rafael "Raffy" Surillo | leader_title1 = Senatorial dist. | leader_name1 = 7 - Humacao | leader_title2 = Representative dist. | leader_name2 = 34 Ramón Luis Cruz | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = 1 E9 | area_total_km2 = 215.65 | area_land_km2 = 143.11 | area_water_km2 = 72.55 | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 37941 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Yabucoeños | population_note = | demographics_type1 = Racial groups | demographics1_footnotes = [1] | demographics1_title1 =White | demographics1_info1 = 68.5% | demographics1_title2 = Black | demographics1_info2 = 8.6% | demographics1_title3 = American Indian/AN | demographics1_info3 = 0.6% | demographics1_title4 = Asian | demographics1_info4 = 0.3% | demographics1_title5 = Other Two or more races | demographics1_info5 = 13.6% 8.2% | timezone1 = AST | utc_offset1 = −4 | postal_code_type = Zip code | postal_code = 00767 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }} Yabucoa ({{IPA-es|ʝaβuˈkoa}}) is a municipality in Puerto Rico (U.S.), located in the eastern region, north of Maunabo; south of San Lorenzo, Las Piedras and Humacao; and east of Patillas. Yabucoa is spread over 9 wards and Yabucoa Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area. HistoryThe region of what is now Yabucoa belonged to the Taíno region of Guayaney, which covered a portion of the southeast region of Puerto Rico.[2] The region was led by cacique Güaraca. After the Spanish colonization, the region of Yabucoa belonged to Humacao, and its territory was mostly used for cattle and farming. Yabucoa, as a town, was founded in October 3, 1793 when Don Manuel Colón de Bonilla and his wife, Catalina Morales Pacheco, donated the lands to the people.[3][4] Hurricane MariaHurricane Maria struck the island of Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017 as a category 5 hurricane, knocking out power to the entire island (and also affected access to clean water). The hurricane triggered numerous landslides in Yabucoa with the significant amount of rain that fell.[5][6] Many older residents of Yabucoa died as a result of Hurricane Maria. Residents on oxygen machines died with the lack of electrical power. In June, 2018 the administrators of the municipality stated that they noticed an uptick in mortality rates (deaths) and were relaying the information since February, of 2018 but the government of Puerto Rico was not interested in hearing about it. Many more deaths were occurring than expected. An entire new section to the cemetery was built following the hurricane and the deaths that followed.[7] As of June 12, 2018 more than 30% of Yabucoa residents were without electrical power, stated the mayor of Yabucoa, Rafael Surillo. He stated there were 4,000 residences with between 12,000 and 15,000 residents without electrical power, of 36,000 residents. Large swaths of Yabucoa municipality barrios Guayabota, Tejas, Juan Martín, Calabazas, Limones and Aguacate, and 100% of barrio Jácanas were without electrical power for nine months, some since Hurricane Irma had hit a week prior to Hurricane Maria.[7] GeographyThe Municipality of Yabucoa[8] is located in the south-eastern coast of Puerto Rico. The valley of Yabucoa is surrounded by the hills of the San Lorenzo Batholith on three sides and by the Caribbean Sea on the fourth. The hills surrounding the Yabucoa valley as well as the bedrock underlying the alluvium in the valley are composed of the San Lorenzo Batholith, a large, igneous intrusive body emplaced during the Late Cretaceous (Rogers, 1977; Rogers and others, 1979). The San Lorenzo Batholith is a composite body that is composed of gabbro (Kd), diorite, tonalite, granodiorite, and quartz monzonite. The Cuchillas de Panduras, a fork of the Cordillera Central runs through its south. Santa Elena is one of its most prominent peaks with an altitude of 1,870 feet (570 meters). Santa Elena is located in Juan Martin ward. Pandura peak rises 1,693 feet (516 meters) above sea level. Pandura is located in the Calabazas ward. The altitude of the hills surrounding the valley of Yabucoa reaches a maximum of about 2,130 feet (650 meters) at the head of the Río Guayanes basin. The land surface in the Yabucoa valley slopes gently from an altitude of about 98 feet (30 meters) above mean sea level, at the western edge of the valley, to sea level where the valley meets the Caribbean Sea. BarriosLike all municipalities of Puerto Rico, Yabucoa is subdivided into barrios.[9][10][11][12] {{div col|colwidth=15em}}
TourismLandmarks and places of interest{{div col}}
EconomyAgricultureYabucoa is known for its agricultural prowess because of the surrounding fertile valley that produces most of the island's plantain and bananas. Yabucoeños are known as the "sugar people" because most of the valley was used for sugar cane growth and because one of the most visible landmarks, seen when entering the municipality, is the old Hacienda Roig sugar mill, one of the last mills that produced sugar in Puerto Rico (for recent photos (sept 11,2011).[14] CultureFestivals and events{{div col}}
Government{{Main|Mayoralty in Puerto Rico}}Like all municipalities in Puerto Rico, Yabucoa is administered by a mayor. The current mayor is Rafael Surillo Ruiz, from the Popular Democratic Party (PPD). Surillo was elected at the 2012 general election. The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district VII, which is represented by two Senators. In 2012, Jorge Suárez and José Luis Dalmau were elected as District Senators. A native of Yabucoa Ramón Luis Cruz-Burgos was elected to represent the city in those elections.[15] SymbolsFlagThe design of the flag of Yabucoa is abstract, inspired by the colors of the municipal shield; green, white and violet. Coat of armsIn the shield appear two angels the Santos Angeles Custodios, patron saints of Yabucoa. The color purple (violet) field of the shield represents the highest dignity of the angels. The walking sticks are attributes of the traveller, and refer to the holy office of the Angels as guides and companions in man's journey in his earthly life. The canes are adorned with guajana flowers, representing the wealth of the sugar cane. The green land where the angels stand symbolizes the fertile valley in which Yabucoa is located. TransportationOne of the main roads to Yabucoa is the PR-3, which borders the east side of the island. Distance from the capital is approximately 1 hour.[16] In 2008, a tunnel connecting the town of Yabucoa with the town of Maunabo was completed.[17][18] It is currently the longest on the island. There are 41 bridges in Yabucoa.[19] Notable natives and residents
See also{{Portal|Puerto Rico|Geography}}
References1. ^Demographics/Ethnic U.S 2000 census 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.webring.org/l/rd?ring=taino;id=2;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taino-tribe.org%2Fjatiboni-s.html|title=Gobierno Tribal del Pueblo Jatibonicu Taíno de Puerto Rico|work=|author=|accessdate=February 3, 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediapr.org/esp/article.cfm?ref=09052002&page=2|title=Municipios: Yabucoa|work=Enciclopedia de Puerto Rico|author=|accessdate=May 7, 2013}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Manuel Ubeda y Delgado|title=Isla de Puerto Rico: estudio histórico, geográfico y estadístico de la misma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gl8zAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA271|year=1878|language=Spanish|publisher=Academia Puertorriqueńa de la Historia|pages=275–}} 5. ^{{cite web |title=Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico |url=https://landslides.usgs.gov/research/featured/2017/maria-pr/ |website=USGS Landslide Hazards Program |publisher=USGS}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico |url=https://landslides.usgs.gov/research/featured/2017/maria-pr/images/PR_Maria_LS_density_map.pdf |website=USGS Landslide Hazards Program |publisher=USGS}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |title=YABUCOA: Enfermos y viejos sin servicio eléctrico |url=http://periodismoinvestigativo.com/2018/06/vidas-de-damnificados-por-maria-aun-penden-de-un-hilo/ |website=Periodísmo Investigativo |publisher=CPI |language=Spanish}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://enciclopediapr.org/en/encyclopedia/yabucoa-municipality/|title=Yabucoa Municipality - Municipalities - EnciclopediaPR|publisher=Fundación Puertorriqueña de las Humanidades (FPH) }} 9. ^{{cite book |last1=Picó |first1=Rafael |last2=Buitrago de Santiago |first2=Zayda |last3=Berrios |first3=Hector H. |title=Nueva geografía de Puerto Rico: física, económica, y social, por Rafael Picó. Con la colaboración de Zayda Buitrago de Santiago y Héctor H. Berrios. |url=https://archive.org/details/nuevageografad00pic/page/247|publisher=San Juan Editorial Universitaria, Universidad de Puerto Rico,1969}} 10. ^{{cite book|author=Gwillim Law|title=Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=nXCeCQAAQBAJ|accessdate=25 December 2018|date=20 May 2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0447-3|page=300}} 11. ^{{cite book|title=Puerto Rico:2010:population and housing unit counts.pdf | url = https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/gpo35934/cph-2-53.pdf|year=2010|publisher=U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau}} 12. ^{{Cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324204920/http://welcome.topuertorico.org/maps/yabucoa.pdf |title=Map of Yabucoa at the Wayback Machine|access-date=2018-12-29 }} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Shell completes purchase of Sunoco Puerto Rico refinery|url=http://www.chemeurope.com/en/news/6945/shell-completes-purchase-of-sunoco-puerto-rico-refinery.html|work=chem europe|accessdate=1 January 2012}} 14. ^Remains of Central Roig Sugar Mill in Yabucoa) 15. ^Elecciones Generales 2012: Escrutinio General on CEEPUR 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.proyectosalonhogar.com/Link%20P.R/www.linktopr.com/yabucoa.html|title=Yabucoa... La Ciudad del Azúcar |work=Proyecto Salón Hogar|author=|accessdate=May 9, 2013}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.elnuevodia.com/diario/noticia/puertoricohoy/noticias/se_acorta_la_distancia_en_el_sureste/356165|title=Se acorta la distancia en el sureste|work=El Nuevo Día|author=Morales, Sandra|date=February 2, 2008}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sice.com/documentos/Noticias/Trafico/TUNEL_MAUNABO.pdf|title=Un túnel, dos pueblos|work=El Nuevo Día|author=Del Valle, Sara and David Toucet|accessdate=May 9, 2013}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Yabucoa Bridges|url=http://bridgereports.com/pr/yabucoa/ |website=National Bridge Inventory Data |publisher=US Dept. of Transportation|accessdate=19 February 2019}} External links
5 : Municipalities of Puerto Rico|Yabucoa, Puerto Rico|Populated coastal places in Puerto Rico|Populated places established in 1793|San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo metropolitan area |
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