| 词条 | Delateralization |
| 释义 |
Delateralization is a replacement of a lateral consonant by a central consonant. Yeísmo{{main|Yeísmo}}Arguably, the best known example of this sound change is yeísmo, which occurs in many Spanish and some Galician dialects. In accents with yeísmo, the palatal lateral approximant {{IPA|/ʎ/}} merges with the palatal approximant {{IPA|/ʝ/}} which, phonetically, can be an affricate {{IPAblink|ɟ͡ʝ}} (word-initially and after {{IPA|/n/}}), an approximant {{IPAblink|ʝ̞}} (in other environments) or a fricative {{IPAblink|ʝ}} (in the same environments as the approximant, but only in careful speech). In Romanian, the palatal lateral approximant {{IPA|/ʎ/}} merged with {{IPA|/j/}} centuries ago. The same happened to the historic palatal nasal {{IPA|/ɲ/}}, although that is an example of lenition. Arabic Ḍād{{main|Ḍād}}Another known example of delateralization is the sound change that happened to the Arabic ḍād, which, historically, was a lateral consonant, either a pharyngealized voiced alveolar lateral fricative {{audio-IPA|Voiced pharyngealized alveolar lateral fricative.ogg|[ɮˤ]}} or a similar affricated sound {{IPAblink|d͡ɮ|d͡ɮˤ}} or {{IPAblink|d͡ɮ|dˡˤ}}.[1][2] The affricated form is suggested by loans of ḍ into Akkadian as ld or lṭ and into Malaysian as dl.[3] However, some linguists, such as the French orientalist André Roman supposes that the letter was actually a pharyngealized voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant {{IPA|[ʑˤ]}}, similar to the Polish ź, which is not a lateral sound.[1][2][4] In modern Arabic, there are three possible realizations of this sound, all of which are central:[3]
References1. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Versteegh|first1=Kees|editor1-last=Arazi|editor1-first=Albert|editor2-last=Sadan|editor2-first=Joseph|editor3-last=Wasserstein|editor3-first=David J.|title=Compilation and Creation in Adab and Luġa: Studies in Memory of Naphtali Kinberg (1948–1997)|date=1999|pages=273–286|chapter=Loanwords from Arabic and the merfer of ḍ/ḏ̣ |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNNHi_RdJ1MC&pg=PA273}} {{IPA navigation}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Delateralization}}{{Phonetics-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Versteegh|first1=Kees|editor1-last=Kinberg|editor1-first=Leah|editor2-last=Versteegh|editor2-first=Kees|title=Studies in the Linguistic Structure of Classical Arabic|date=2000|publisher=Brill|isbn=9004117652|pages=197–199|chapter=Treatise on the pronunciation of the ḍād|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_EJ861jo4AQC&pg=PA197}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Versteegh|first1=Kees|title=The Arabic language|date=2003|orig-year=1997|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|location=Edinburgh|isbn=9780748614363|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OHfse3YY6NAC&pg=PA89|edition=Repr.}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Roman|first1=André|title=Étude de la phonologie et de la morphologie de la koiné arabe|date=1983|publisher=Université de Provence|location=Aix-en-Provence|volume=1|pages=162–206}} 3 : Lateral consonants|Sound changes|Central consonants |
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