| 词条 | Deli River |
| 释义 |
| name = Deli River | name_native = Sungai Deli | name_native_lang = Indonesian | name_other = Soengai Petani | etymology = | image = COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM IJzeren spoorbrug van de Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij met twintig overspanningen over de Deli rivier in de spoorlijn van Medan naar Belawan. TMnr 60001574.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Deli Railway Company bridge over the Deli River near Belawan | image_alt = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | map_alt = | pushpin_map = Indonesia Sumatra#Indonesia | pushpin_map_caption= Location of river mouth | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Indonesia | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = North Sumatera | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = | source1 = | source1_location = | source1_coordinates= | source1_elevation = | mouth = Strait of Malacca | mouth_location = | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|3|46|1|N|98|42|9.8|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size ={{cvt|402|km2}}[1] | basin_landmarks = | basin_population = 1,346,520 (2015){{ref|basinpop}}[2] | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | waterbodies = | waterfalls = | bridges = | ports = | length = {{cvt|73|km}}[1] | width_min = | width_avg = {{cvt|5.58|m}} | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} Deli River (Indonesian: Sungai Deli) is a river located in Sumatra, Indonesia, and courses through Medan before discharging to the Strait of Malacca near the port city of Belawan.[3] It is one of the eight rivers in Medan. The Deli Sultanate was founded on the delta of the river around 1640[1], and later around the 19@th century, this river acted as an artery of trade for the sultanate to other areas. HydrologyThe forest area in the headwaters of the Deli is 3,655 hectares, or 7.59 percent of 48 162 hectares of Deli watershed. With an area of 48 162 hectares, length of 73 kilometers (km), and a width of 5.58 m, Deli watershed should have at least 140 hectares, or 30 percent of the watershed. Today, the river is heavily polluted. 70 percent of waste in the Deli River are solid or liquid waste, due to waste generated in the densely populated city of Medan (reaching 1,725 tons a day[4]). GeographyThe river flows in the northeastern area of Sumatra with predominantly tropical rainforest climate (designated as Af in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[5] The annual average temperature in the area is 24 °C. The warmest month is January, when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is December, at 22 °C.[6] The average annual rainfall is 2862 mm. The wettest month is October, with an average of 446 mm rainfall, and the driest is June, with 129 mm rainfall.[7] See also
Notes1.{{note|basinpop}}Population calculated from the sum of populations in the 14 subdistricts of Medan municipality which were used for population calculation in the citation.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last1=Sembiring|first1=Silvia Tabah Hati BR|title=Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Deli|url=http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/30629/Chapter%20II.pdf|publisher=University of North Sumatra|accessdate=8 August 2017|location=Medan|language=Indonesian}} {{Rivers of Sumatra}}2. ^{{cite web|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kecamatan dan Jenis Kelamin, 2011–2015|url=https://medankota.bps.go.id/frontend/linkTableDinamis/view/id/7|website=Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Medan|publisher=Statistics Indonesia|accessdate=8 August 2017|language=Indonesian}} 3. ^Sungai Deli – Geonames.org. 4. ^{{cite news|title=Timbunan Sampah di Medan 1725 Ton per Hari|url=http://lintasmedan.com/2015/05/timbunan-sampah-di-medan-1725-ton-per-hari/|accessdate=8 August 2017|agency=Lintas Medan|language=Indonesian}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | title = Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification| url = http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html| year = 2007| journal = Hydrology and Earth System Sciences| volume = 11|pages= 1633–1644| | date =|access-date=30 January 2016| doi = 10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007| first1 =M C| first2 = B L| first3 = T A| last1 = Peel| last2 = Finlayson| last3 =McMahon}} 6. ^{{Cite web |url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title = NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|date =30 January 2016 | publisher = NASA}} 7. ^{{Cite web |url= http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M&year=2014|title = NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month – TRMM)| date =30 January 2016 |publisher = NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission}} 1 : Rivers of North Sumatra |
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