“Denise Oliver-Velez”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Born Denise Roberts Oliver on August 1, 1947, in Brooklyn, NY, she is the daughter of [https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/22/arts/george-oliver-76-actor-and-teacher.html?mcubz=1 George B. Oliver], an actor and professor of Dramatic Literature at Nassau Community College, and a Tuskegee Airman, and Marjorie Roberts Oliver, a teacher in the New York City school system.

Oliver-Velez was a member of both The Young Lords and The Black Panther Party. While in the Young Lords, according to herself she and others challenged one of the organization's points in their 13-Point Program and Platform. As she states, "I was in the Young Lords, and one of the points in the original program was ‘Revolutionary Machismo.’ Machismo is reactionary, so you can’t have revolutionary machismo. We women weren’t having it. So we made a very different kind of statement. ‘We want equality for women. Down with machismo and male chauvinism.'"^[3]

The women’s caucus issued demands to the Central Committee of the Young Lords that called for an end to sexual discrimination and the full inclusion of women into the leadership of the Lords.^[4] The Central Committee reacted by quickly promoting Oliver-Velez and Gloria Fontanez to the Central Committee. They also adopted a new slogan, ¡Abajo con el machismo! (Down with Machismo!).^[4] However, these changes did not happen immediately and women still faced sexism within the party regularly. Oliver-Velez became aware of gendered assumptions made by the central committee about who could and could not perform certain tasks.^[5] Even when women were assigned to posts in various ministries, including the Defense Ministry, they were disproportionately assigned traditional "women's work" like child care and secretarial tasks.^[5]

By May 1970, the New York section of the Young Lords followed its then Central Committee (which included Oliver-Velez, Officer of the Day) and decided to break away from the national Young Lords' office in Chicago, renaming their new group the Young Lords Party. The separation was never a hostile one and had more to do with the rapid development of the group -- or "growing pains" -- a natural friendly competition between cities, and primarily by infiltration and repression by government groups that were trying to create conflict between the chapters to divide and ultimately destroy the newly formed movement.^[6] Despite their considerable presence in the Young Lords Party, female members were consistently overlooked to occupy high-ranking leadership positions.^[7] However, in 1970 Oliver-Velez was appointed as Minister of Economic Development and became the highest ranking woman in the party.^[8]^[6]

One of the major contributions women made to the success of the Young Lords Party included publishing its Position Paper on Women, which was later included in A Reader (2010), edited by Darrel Enck-Wanzer (see external links below for the full text of that book). Oliver-Velez helped construct the paper and theorized the intersection of race and class in the lives of women of color for it.^[5] She and another former Young Lords member, Iris Morales, wrote a foreword for A Reader (2010).

In addition to her activism with the Young Lords, Oliver-Velez was also an AIDS movement activist and a member of the Black Panther Party.^[1] She published ethnographic research as part of HIV/AIDS intervention projects.^[1]

She was a program director and co-founder of WPFW-FM in Washington, D.C., Pacifica's first minority-controlled radio station, and worked in public broadcasting and community media for many years.^[1] She is credited with introducing Robin Quivers to Howard Stern.

Oliver-Velez is featured in the feminist history film She's Beautiful When She's Angry.^[9]^[10]

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite web|url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/denise-oliver-velez |title=Denise Oliver-Velez — She's Beautiful When She's Angry |publisher=Shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com |date= |accessdate=2017-05-06}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/news/2014/11/28/hitting-theatres-from-dec-5th |title=She's Beautiful When She's Angry Makes its Theatrical Debut — She's Beautiful When She's Angry |publisher=Shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com |date=2014-11-28 |accessdate=2017-05-06}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/denise-oliver-velez/|title=Denise Oliver-Velez|last=Oliver-Velez|first=Denise|date=|website=She's Beautiful When She's Angry|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
4. ^¹{{Cite journal|last=Ogbar|first=Jeffrey|date=2006|title=Puerto Rico en Mi Corazón: The Young Lords, Black Power, and Puerto Rican Nationalism in the US|url=http://marxists.catbull.com/history/erol/ncm-1/corazon.pdf|journal=Centro Journal|volume=|pages=148-169}}
5. ^¹²Fernández, Johanna. 2009. Denise Oliver and the Young Lords Party: Stretching the Political Boundaries of Struggle. New York University Press. 271–293.
6. ^¹Churchill, Ward, & Jim V. Wall, "The Cointelpro Papers" 1990.
7. ^{{Cite book|title=The Young Lords: A Reader|last=Enck-Wanzer|first=Darrel|publisher=New York University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0814722428|location=New York and London|pages=}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/11/archives/young-women-find-a-place-in-high-command-of-young-lords.html|title=Young Women Find a Place in High Command of Young Lords|last=Klemesrud|first=Judy|date=November 11, 1970|work=New York Times|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/women/|title=The Women|publisher=}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com/the-film/ |title=The Film — She's Beautiful When She's Angry |publisher=Shesbeautifulwhenshesangry.com |date= |accessdate=2017-04-28}}

Biography

References

External links