| 词条 | Yellow-bellied elaenia |
| 释义 |
| name = Yellow-bellied elaenia | image = Flickr - Dario Sanches - GUARACAVA-DE-BARRIGA-AMARELA (Elaenia flavogaster).jpg | image_caption = at Registro, São Paulo State, Brazil | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Elaenia | species = flavogaster | authority = (Thunberg, 1822) | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision = 4, see text }} The yellow-bellied elaenia (Elaenia flavogaster) is a small bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula through Central and South America as far as northern Argentina, and on Trinidad and Tobago. DescriptionAdults are {{convert|16.5|cm|in|abbr=on}} long and weigh {{convert|24|g|oz|abbr=on}}. They have olive-brown upperparts, a white eye ring, a bushy divided crest and a white crown patch in the parting. The throat is pale and the breast greyish, with pale yellow lower underparts. The call is a nasal breeer, and the song is a wheezing zhu-zhee-zhu-zhee. SubspeciesFour subspecies are recognized:[2]
HabitatThis is a common bird in semi-open woodland, scrub, gardens and cultivation. The yellow-bellied elaenia is a noisy and conspicuous bird which feeds on berries and insects. The latter are usually caught from mid-air after the bird sallies from a perch, and sometimes picked up from plants. The species will also join mixed-species feeding flocks on occasion, typically staying quite some distance up in the trees.[4] It makes a cup nest and lays two cream eggs with reddish blotches at the larger end. The female incubates for 16 days, with about the same period to fledging. Omnivorous mammals as small as the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) will eagerly plunder yellow-bellied elaenia nests in the undergrowth—perhaps more often during the dry season when fruits are scarce—despite the birds' attempts to defend their offspring.[5] StatusThe yellow-bellied elaenia is a common and wide-ranging bird, not considered threatened by the IUCN.[1] References1. ^1 {{IUCN|id=22699262 |title=Elaenia flavogaster |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} [2][3][4]2. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=Machado |first1=C.G. |year=1999 |title=A composição dos bandos mistos de aves na Mata Atlântica da Serra de Paranapiacaba, no sudeste brasileiro |trans-title=Mixed flocks of birds in Atlantic Rain Forest in Serra de Paranapiacaba, southeastern Brazil |journal=Revista Brasileira de Biologia |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=75–85 |language=Portuguese, English|doi=10.1590/S0034-71081999000100010 |url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbbio/v59n1/v59n1a10.pdf}} 3. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=de Lyra-Neves |first1=Rachel M. |last2=Oliveira |first2=Maria A.B. |last3=Telino-Júnior |first3=Wallace R. |last4=dos Santos |first4=Ednilza M. |year=2007 |title=Comportamentos interespecíficos entre Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil |trans-title=Interspecific behaviour between Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Callitrichidae, Primates) and some birds of the Atlantic forest, Pernanbuco State, Brazil |journal=Revista Brasileira de Zoologia |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=709–716 |language=Portuguese, English|doi=10.1590/S0101-81752007000300022 |url=http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbzool/v24n3/a22v24n3.pdf}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|editor-last=Gill |editor-first=F. |editor2-last= Donsker|editor2-first= D. |year=2014 |work=IOC World Bird List (v 4.2) |doi=10.14344/IOC.ML.4.2 |url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org |title=IOC World Bird List}} }}
External links{{commons category|Elaenia flavogaster}}{{Wikispecies|Elaenia flavogaster}}
15 : Elaenia|Native birds of Southern Mexico|Birds of Central America|Birds of the Yucatán Peninsula|Birds of the Guianas|Birds of Trinidad and Tobago|Birds of Grenada|Birds of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Birds of Colombia|Birds of Venezuela|Birds of Ecuador|Birds of Bolivia|Birds of Brazil|Birds of Paraguay|Birds described in 1822 |
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