| 词条 | Devendra Varma |
| 释义 |
| name = Devendra Varma | birth_date = {{Birth date|1923|10|17}} | birth_place = Darbhanga | death_date = {{Death date and age|1994|10|24|1923|10|17}} | death_place = Oceanside, New York | citizenship = Canadian | education = University of Leeds | occupation = Literary scholar | notable_works = {{unbulleted list|The Gothic Flame: being a history of the Gothic Novel in England|The Evergreen Tree of Diabolical Knowledge}} }} Devendra Varma (17 October 1923 - 24 October 1994) was an expert on Gothic literature. He was particularly well known for The Gothic Flame: being a history of the Gothic Novel in England and The Evergreen Tree of Diabolical Knowledge, and also for making available hundreds of Gothic tales. Early life and educationDevendra Prasad Varma was born in Darbhanga, India, in October 1923. He studied in Patna where he was strongly influenced by his English teacher, and later went to obtain a PhD at the University of Leeds under Professor G. Wilson Knight.[1] CareerVarma taught in India, Nepal, Syria and Egypt before moving to Canada where he became a lecturer at Dalhousie University in 1963 and then full professor in 1969.[1] In 1957, Varma's book The Gothic Flame was published. Herbert Read said in an introduction that in this work, Varma "rescued a dream literature from oblivion".[2] Based on his work in this book, Varma has been credited as one of the first to distinguish between terror and horror.[3][4] During Varma's career, he oversaw publication of hundreds of Gothic tales, many of which were rare or dismembered. He was noted for saying of this work: "My researches are archival... You'll find 40 pages in one treasure room, another 50 with a collector, the title page somewhere else."[5] Varma was particularly interested in vampires.[6] He wrote the introduction to the reprint of Varney the Vampire and, in 1973, he travelled to Castle Dracula to research the Bram Stoker's novel. Varma edited the seven volumes of "horrid novels" mentioned in Northanger Abbey when they were reissued by the Folio Society in the 1960s.[1][7] In 1977, Varma was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal for contributing to education and the arts. He was also recognised by the International Association for the Fantastic in the Arts in 1993.[8] Varma retired in 1991 and died of a stroke whilst on a lecture tour in Oceanside, New York in 1994.[1] He was survived by his son, Hemen, and two grandchildren, Tami and Robin.[5] CommemorationThe Department of English at Dalhousie holds an annual "Varma celebration" at Halloween. The Varma Prize in Gothic Literature was established to celebrate Gothic and horror tales.[9][10] References1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituaries-devendra-varma-1566641.html|title=Obituaries Devendra Varma|last=Sucksmith|first=Harvey Peter|date=5 January 1995|work=The Independent|access-date=2018-11-13|language=en-GB}} {{authority control}}2. ^{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ocREAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA311&lpg=PA311&dq=devendra+varma,+gothic&source=bl&ots=2mTndZ4zcC&sig=ELg1XTtr-U5EfDWNrEN3kINjYcw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjHnOmp3dHeAhUFyoUKHZAvDh04ChDoATAGegQIAhAB#v=onepage&q=devendra%20varma,%20gothic&f=true|title=The Gothic World|last=Brewster|first=Scott|date=2013-10-08|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135053062|editor-last=Byron|editor-first=Glennis|location=|pages=308–320|language=en|chapter=Gothic and the question of theory|editor-last2=Townshend|editor-first2=Dale}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://graduate.engl.virginia.edu/enec981/Group/chris.terror.html|title=Terror and Horror|last=|first=|date=|website=Graduate English at the University of Virginia|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-13}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Round|first=Julia|date=2017-05-16|title=Misty, Spellbound and the lost Gothic of British girls' comics|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/palcomms201737|journal=Palgrave Communications|language=En|volume=3|pages=17037|doi=10.1057/palcomms.2017.37|issn=2055-1045}} 5. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/27/obituaries/devendra-varma-71-scholar-of-the-gothic-and-the-macabre.html|title=Devendra Varma, 71, Scholar of the Gothic and the Macabre|last=Saxon|first=Wolfgang|date=27 October 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb29-eulms267|title=Varma papers relating to Gothic literature|last=|first=|date=|website=Archives Hub|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-13}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KdvkGAAACAAJ|title=The Northanger Set of Jane Austen Horrid Novels|last=Varma|first=Devendra P.|date=1968|publisher=Folio Press|isbn=|location=|pages=|language=en}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.fantastic-arts.org/about/history/past-icfa-guests/|title=Past ICFA Guests|last=|first=|date=|website=International Association for the Fantastic in the Arts|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-13}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.dal.ca/news/2014/11/14/gothic-goodies--creative-writing-competition-celebrates-the-maca.html|title=Gothic goodies: Creative writing competition celebrates the macabre|last=Skagen|first=Emma|date=14 November 2014|work=Dalhousie News|access-date=2018-11-13|language=en}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thecoast.ca/halifax/gothic-voices-of-the-city/Content?oid=10341108|title=Gothic Voices of the City|last=Samija|first=Hannah Ascough, Helen Pinsent, Tegan|date=26 October 2017|website=The Coast Halifax|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-13}} 6 : Indian literary critics|Canadian literary critics|1923 births|1994 deaths|Literary scholars|Alumni of the University of Leeds |
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