| 词条 | Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove |
| 释义 |
| image_file=Hans Memling - Diptych of Maarten Nieuwenhove - WGA14955.jpg | image_size=300px | title=Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove | other_language_1= | other_title_1= | artist=Hans Memling | year=1487 | medium=Oil on panel | city=Bruges | dimensions = {{convert|33.5|x|44.7|cm|in}} (each panel); {{convert|41.5|x|52.5|cm|in}} (each panel including the frame) | museum=Old St. John's Hospital }} The Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove is a 1487 painting by Hans Memling, showing on the left side the Virgin and Child, and on the right side Maarten van Nieuwenhove. It is now kept in the Old St. John's Hospital in Bruges.[1] It is unsigned, but has invariably been attributed to Hans Memling since the middle of the 19th century.[2] DescriptionThe painting is an early example of an Early Netherlandish devotional diptych, which still preserves the original frame and hinges. A new invention was showing the scene in a continuous room, instead of against a monochrome background.[3] The window at the upper left originally was clear glass, showing a landscape. The composition was changed at a later stage to show the coat of arms of Van Nieuwenhove here instead. It was more common to have this on the outer panels than this prominently.[3] It is surrounded by four images of a hand sowing seeds, a pun on the name of the donor which means "from the new garden". The same coat of arms can also be seen on the clasp of the book in front of Van Nieuwenhove.[2] The mirror behind Mary shows the scene in reverse, making it even more explicit that the two panels are placed in the same room and time, even though the actual configuration seen in the mirror does not match the scene in the main painting. Memling only included the mirror in a later stage of the composition. This unity of space was also emphasized by small details like the carpet to the left of Mary, which reappears beneath the hands of van Nieuwenhove.[3] The work was probably intended to be displayed with the two panels at an angle, but it is uncertain how exactly they should be placed. One possibility is that it was intended to be hung from a wall or column, with the Virign panel fixed and the van Nieuwenhove panel loose.[4] The inscription at the bottom of the two panels reads "HOC OPUS FIERI FECIT MARTINUS DE NEWENHOVEN ANNO DM 1487 - ANO VERO ETATIS SUE 23" meaning "Maarten van Nieuwenhove had this work made in 1487" (left panel) and "At the age of 23" (right panel). The glass panels in the windows depict Saint Christopher and Saint George (above the Virgin and Child) and Saint Martin of Tours (as his namesake saint) above Maarten van Nieuwenhove. Through the open window, one can see the Minnewater, also (mistakenly) known as the "Lake of Love" ('minne' being the Medieval term for 'love' in Dutch), a romantic corner of Bruges.[5] The donorMaarten van Nieuwenhove (11 November 1463 - 16 August 1500) came from a noble family of Bruges with connections at the court of Burgundy. In the 1490s, Van Nieuwenhove was successively a city councilor, the captain of the civic guard, and in 1498 mayor of Bruges.[3] Provenance
GalleryNotes1. ^{{cite web|title=Diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove|url=http://vlaamseprimitieven.vlaamsekunstcollectie.be/en/collection/diptych-of-maarten-van-nieuwenhove|publisher=Vlaamse Kunstcollectie|accessdate=13 June 2017}} {{Hans Memling}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last1=Ridderbos|first1=Bernhard|title=Early Netherlandish Paintings: rediscovery, Reception and Research|date=2017|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|isbn=9789048505227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=01MiDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA144|chapter=Hans Memling: the diptych of Maarten van Nieuwenhove}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|title=Explore the Hans Memling Diptych|url=https://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2006/diptych/diptych1.shtm|publisher=National Gallery|accessdate=13 June 2017|date=2006}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Savarese|display-authors=et al|first1=Silvio|title=Reflections on praxis and facture in a devotional portrait diptych: A computer analysis of the mirror in Hans Memling’s Virgin and Child and Maarten van Nieuwenhove|journal=SPIE Proceedings|date=13 March 2008|volume=6810}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Kleiner|first1=Fred S.|title=Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective|date=2013|publisher=Cengage learning|isbn=9781285531755|page=437|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FUALAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA437}} 3 : Paintings by Hans Memling|1487 paintings|Paintings in the Old St. John's Hospital |
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