“Direct colonial rule”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Direct colonial rule

释义

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References

{{see also|Indirect rule|Colonialism}}Direct colonial rule is a form of colonialism that involves the establishment of a centralized foreign authority within a territory, which is run by colonial officials. According to Michael W. Doyle of Harvard University, in a system of direct rule, the native population is excluded from all but the lowest level of the colonial government.^[1] Ugandan academic Mahmood Mamdani classifies direct rule as centralized despotism: a system where natives were not considered citizens.^[2]

The opposite of direct colonial rule is indirect rule, which integrates pre-established local elites and native institutions into the administration of the colonial government.^[1]

References

1. ^¹{{cite book|last1=Doyle|first1=Michael W.|title=Empires|date=1986|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, N.Y.|isbn=080149334X|edition=1. publ.}}
2. ^{{cite book|last1=Mamdani|first1=Mahmood|title=Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism|date=1996|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, N.J.|isbn=0691027935}}

2 : Colonialism|French colonial empire

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References