“Disappearance of Helen Claire Frost”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Helen Frost was born in Reigate, England on October 17, 1952 to parents Dennis and Daphne.^[3] She also has an older sister, Sandy, who is 14 months older than her. Her father Dennis was a green beret in the British Commando Brigade during the Second World War for a total of 12 years, working on the docks in London. In 1956, the family moved to Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. After the move Dennis worked for the city of Nanaimo as a sweeper operator. Helen’s family was stable and her mother and father were married for 67 years, until Dennis passed away July 20, 2014. Sandy described her parents as, "good parents despite the head-strong actions of their two rebellious teenage girls." ^[4][5][6][2]

Helen moved to Prince George, British Columbia in 1969, and Sandy joined her in November of that year. They shared an apartment together on the 1600 block of Queensway with a woman named Darlene and her infant child. Helen was three months pregnant in November 1969. In the spring of 1970, Frost went to a home for unwed mothers in Kamloops, where she gave birth to a daughter, Sandra Jeanette, on May 13th of that year. Shortly after this, Helen returned to Prince George, and her baby was taken into government custody. She unsuccessfully tried to regain custody of the baby in the summer of 1970. Sandy recalled that Helen came out of the social worker's office, "just bawling her eyes out, and we never talked about it again." Sometime between the birth of her child and her disappearance, Helen had broken up with her boyfriend, Stefan Grumpner, who was the father of Sandra Jeanette.^[4][5][6][2]

Helen worked a number of odd jobs while she was in Prince George, including a busser at the Hudson's Bay Company cafeteria, and a gas station painter for a company that operated between Prince George and Prince Rupert.

Personality

Helen was considered to be introverted. She preferred interacting with her family, and even then she tended to be private. After the birth of her child, Helen never vocalized to her sister how she felt. Despite being fairly introverted, Helen had a spontaneous, adventurous side. In the summer of 1967 when Sandy was 15 and Helen was 14, they went to Abbotsford to work as berry pickers. The following summer they went to Penticton and spent most of their time hitchhiking and sleeping outside. They were often picked up by truckers who would buy them a meal and radio ahead for another pickup where their route ended, and their trip continued. Helen was comfortable with the riskiness of hitchhiking and other activities, and they never felt scared. As Sandy put it, "why walk when you can hitchhike?" Helen also was quite considerate of other people's needs and social harmony. She never complained about Darlene's baby crying, and although Helen wanted to talk with Sandy on the night she disappeared, she was considerate of the fact that Sandy didn't want to go out and opted to go by herself.^[2]

Relationship status

Helen was single at the time of her disappearance. She had given birth to a girl on May 13, 1970 in Kamloops and moved to Prince George shortly afterwards. The father of this child, whom was given up to social services, was identified as Stefan Grumpner, who left Helen shortly after the birth. It is not public knowledge when Stefan and Helen separated. The police interviewed Stefan after Helen's disappearance and reported that they didn't find anything suspicious.^[4][2]

Identifying characteristics

Helen was a Caucasian female with blue eyes and brown-blonde hair. She stood about 5 feet 5 inches and weighed about 100 to 125 pounds. Since birth, Helen had a right eye that wouldn't open as much as her left eye. She had recently given birth in May 1970.^[7][2][8]

Personal items at time of disappearance

Helen was wearing a three-quarter length, navy-blue nylon coat with a fur-trimmed hood and blue pants when she disappeared.^[8] Sandy reported that Helen left behind money, clothes and identification at their apartment.^[2]

Disappearance

Helen was last seen Tuesday October 13, 1970 on the 1600 block of Queensway, Prince George where she shared an apartment with her sister Sandy, along with a woman named Darlene and her infant child. Sandy reported that she came home at about 8 pm after coffee with a friend and met Helen. Helen asked Sandy if she wanted to go for a walk and Sandy declined because it was too cold. Helen said she would go out for a quick walk by herself, left at about 8:20 pm, and never returned home.^[2]

Helen was not immediately reported missing because Sandy thought that she might be over at a friend's house. When she didn't return by Thursday, October 15, two days later, Sandy reported her disappearance to the RCMP.^[2]

Investigation

Helen was reported missing by her sister Sandy on October 15, 1970. Sandy said that the RCMP took a missing person's report, but she got the impression that nothing was done. Sandy lamented that she was too young and inexperienced at the time to push for more action from the RCMP. There was a tip that Helen had hitchhiked from the Husky in Prince George. Although the RCMP investigated this tip, they could not substantiate it.^[2][9]

The RCMP does not have a statute of limitations on serious cases, and Helen's case is still active. There have been a number of officers assigned to the case since 1970, with the most recent one being in 2017 (file 1970 - 70118).^[10]

Search effort

Sandy and a friend conducted an independent search for Helen. Sandy's friend determined a truck driver saw Helen hitchhiking from the Husky in Prince George, but the RCMP were unable to verify this tip.^[9]

Sandy has been the main driving force behind the search for Helen, with the assistance of some friends. In 2018, Helen's daughter, Sandra Jeannette Frost, now named Michelle Johnson, reached out to Sandy after searching for her birth mother and discovering it was Helen. Michelle and Sandy were re-united later on that year.^[7][4][11]

Awareness effort

The awareness effort for Helen's disappearance includes missing person posters, news articles and a Facebook page dedicated to her disappearance.^[7] Sandy pushed to get Helen's name added to E-Pana list of victims in the hopes of raising more awareness for Helen's disappearance, but the RCMP declined this request, citing that the case did not meet the criteria for inclusion. This, however, is in contradiction with the actual reported criteria for inclusion.^[12] There are many cases like Helen’s that do meet what the RCMP actually reports as the criteria for inclusion, however there have been no more victims added to the E-Pana list since it reached a total of 18 in 2007.

In 2009, Sandy reported in an article that her father told her "I really hope I know what happened before I die." He died on July 20, 2014, without knowing what happened to his daughter.^[6][2]

Theories

At least four different main theories exist as to how Helen Claire Frost disappeared, including: accident, runaway, suicide and foul play.

Accident

There is no evidence that she did or did not have an accident that caused her to lose contact with her friends and relatives. No remains were ever found and identified as Helen's, no sign of an accident has ever been indicated to the public, nor is it public knowledge if any witnesses have come forward to report an accident. There is no public evidence indicating that she ever had an accident.

Runaway

Helen was known to have run away in the past. However, Sandy said that there were indications that this was not the case because Helen had left behind money, clothes and identification at the apartment which they shared.^[1]

Suicide

Helen was going through a number of difficult challenges around the time of her disappearance. She had experienced giving up a child, a breakup with her boyfriend, and a busy apartment with three roommates, including an infant child. Because of these circumstances, it is plausible that she was under a great deal of stress. However, Sandy stated publicly that there was no evidence that Sandy took her own life, and there was no suicide note left behind.^[9]

Foul play

Stonington Jane Doe

Stonington Jane Doe was a woman whose remains were found in a shallow grave, wrapped in a blanket, on May 30, 1974. The remains were found in a wooded area behind a house on Shewville Road in the town of Ledyard, Connecticut. The remains were completely skeletonized by the time that she was found. The composite sketch based upon her remains, in addition to some of her estimated body characteristics, bore a resemblance to Frost. Doe was described as being in her early twenties with red hair; Frost was 17 with brown-blonde hair. Doe was about five foot one and between 110 and 115 pounds; Frost was five foot five and between 100 and 125 pounds. It was estimated that Jane Doe died alongside the man she was last seen with, who was considered to be her boyfriend, Gustavous Lee Carmichael, on December 31, 1970. Frost disappeared October 13, 1970, making December 31, 1970 a plausible timeline for her death if Frost is Jane Doe.^[13]

Jane Doe's dental records included no maxilla due to gun shot. #30 has two separate occlusal amalgams. #17 is mesially inclined.^[13] Frost's dental records are not public knowledge.

Jane Doe went by the alias Lorraine Stahl. It was determined that Jane Doe was murdered and her remains were buried nearby Carmichael's. Richard DeFreitas and Donald Brant were convicted of the murders. They killed the two because they were concerned that the unidentified woman (Lorraine Stahl) would divulge details of the illegal activities of Carmichael, who was a bank robber.^[13]

Jane Doe was known to have made phone calls in the months leading up to her death. All the known calls were to states on the eastern seaboard.^[13]

Jane Doe's remains were found with a number of items, none of which were the items with which Frost had last been seen. Jane Doe's items included a ring with an almond-shaped design with the stylized inscription JHSN and 1917. The almond-shaped design bears some resemblance to the modern alumni ring for Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, which also has an almond-shaped design. Other items associated to Doe included a Lady Clairol hair roller set, a tan leather "wet look" vest, a gold/tan sweater, a brown tweed skirt, brown granny boots that go to the knees, and a yellow rain coat.^[13]

Jane Doe was also known to drive a 1964 green Oldsmobile with either Massachusetts or Maine plates. The vehicle was found dumped in Hartford, Connecticut with a Maine inspection sticker.^[13]

It is not public knowledge whether Frost has been ruled out as Stonington Jane Doe by the RCMP.

Friends or associates

It is not public knowledge whether or not Helen met with a friend or associate after she left her apartment in Prince George. Sandy thought that Helen may have been at a friend's house, but called RCMP to report Helen missing after determining that this was not the case. RCMP questioned her ex-boyfriend, Stefan Grumpner, and reported that they did not find anything about him to be suspicious.^[2][4] The names of associates and friends who were questioned is not public knowledge.

Stranger

Though Sandy and a friend did some searching and discovered a tip indicating that Helen hitchhiked with a trucker, the RCMP were not able to confirm this.^[2] It is not public knowledge whether Helen met with a stranger or not after she left her apartment.

Highway of Tears

Chronologically, Helen is the first woman to have gone missing along the Highway of Tears corridor. To raise awareness, Helen's family wanted her to be added to the RCMP E-Pana list of victims; however, this request was denied by the RCMP, stating that she didn’t meet the criteria for a victim on this list. Despite what the police said, there is no public indication that she doesn’t meet the list of criteria. It should be noted that E-Pana is largely composed of women who have no connection to the Highway of Tears. There would not be another missing or murdered woman's case along the Highway of Tears until Ginny Sampare in 1971 and then Monica Ignas in 1974. Sampare went missing from Gitsegukla, while Ignas went missing from Thornhill, British Columbia, where her remains were found.

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