| 词条 | Yoko Kanno | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| image = Yoko Kanno.jpg | caption = Kanno in 1999 | name = Yoko Kanno | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist | native_name = 菅野 よう子 | birth_name = 菅野 洋子 | alias = Gabriela Robin | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|3|18}}[1][2] | birth_place = Sendai, Japan | death_date = | instrument = Keyboard, piano, accordion | genre = Jazz, classical, orchestral, electronic, new age, blues, folk, pop, art rock, ambient, post-rock, bossa nova | occupation = Composer, musician, conductor, producer | years_active = 1986–present | label = Victor Entertainment (flying DOG) | associated_acts = Maaya Sakamoto, Megumi Nakajima, May'n TETSU100%, Seatbelts, Samply Red, ORIGA | website = }}{{nihongo|Yoko Kanno|菅野 よう子|Kanno Yōko}} is a Japanese composer, arranger and musician best known for her work on the soundtracks on anime films, television series, live-action films, video games, and advertisements. She was born in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. She has written scores for Cowboy Bebop, Darker than Black, Macross Plus, Turn A Gundam, The Vision of Escaflowne, Stand Alone Complex, Wolf's Rain, Kids on the Slope and Terror in Resonance, and has worked with the directors Yoshiyuki Tomino, Shinichirō Watanabe and Shōji Kawamori.[3] Kanno has also composed music for pop artists Maaya Sakamoto and Kyōko Koizumi. She is also a keyboardist, and is the frontwoman for the Seatbelts, who perform many of Kanno's compositions and soundtracks. BiographyEarly lifeYoko Kanno was born March 18, 1963 in Sendai, Japan. Her earliest experiences with music came from attending church with her parents.[4] She studied keyboard from a young age on both the piano in her home and the organ at her kindergarten. In elementary school, she began participating in composition contests, but in high school, Kanno began to take more of an interest in literature than in music.[4] After high school, Kanno attended Waseda University where she majored in literature. In her free time, she would transcribe music for various student groups at Waseda. It was during this time that Kanno, whose parents had only allowed her to listen to classical music, was introduced to rhythm by a friend of hers who played drums in a school band.[4] She spoke of this experience in an interview with Akihiro Tomita:[4] {{Quote|text=I thought my friend was a genius. I had heard drums on the radio before, but it was like I had never really noticed them. Then I see drums performed live, and was able to experience a beat for the first time. I started to take heavy interest in music that wasn’t classical and joined the band elective.|sign=|source=}}During her time with this band, she began to study the composition and style of popular music. While at Waseda, Koei, a Japanese video game company, asked Kanno to compose the soundtrack to Nobunaga's Ambition. The game turned out to be a hit, and Kanno's music career was launched.[4] Professional lifeYoko Kanno's soundtrack themes include "Kiseki no Umi" (Lodoss War), "Voices" (Macross Plus), "Tank!" (Cowboy Bebop), "Yakusoku wa Iranai" (Escaflowne), "Gravity" (Wolf's Rain), "Inner Universe" (Stand Alone Complex) and Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. In regards to making the Stand Alone Complex soundtrack she said: {{quote|I had this image of a formal and rigid 'manly' world for the original comic. So I tried to think of ways to destroy that world. The theme I had in mind was, 'be human.' It represented the sentiment of 'why don't we take it easy and be more like a human being?'—instead of being a workaholic salaried man working for his company. Or be it Tachikoma wishing to become human. I wanted to express these 'tangible fuzziness,' sort of. For the opening theme song called 'inner universe,' I had an image of digital bits and composed a score consisting of recurrent quick beats.[5]}}Having composed in various genres, including blues, classical, jazz, techno, and J-pop, she was once asked if she favored a particular genre: {{quote|Ah ... I hear everyone talk about how many genres [I work in] like classical, jazz and others, but personally, I don't divide music by genre when creating. I don't create by saying, 'I must create a classical piece here,' or 'I must create a jazz piece here.' When I create music, I don't consider at all which genre I like best, but what the scene or the anime calls for, like a love [theme] or a mood. There isn't one genre I like more than the others. I find all of them satisfying and all inspire me in different ways.[6]}}Since she works in the animation industry, she only receives instructions and storyboards from directors which helps her with composing. However, it is uncertain if all of her works are to be included in the finished project. She once said that this is a way she likes to work, for she does not have to deal with rules during composing.[7] In reference to this, she once stated: {{quote|In my case, the creators talk to me and ask me to do a soundtrack a year or two before the animation is finished. At that time, I think of the plot in my brain, when the characters' names—everything about the characters—has not been decided yet. This is even when the title has not be decided yet.[6]}}She was the lead member of the project band called Seatbelts, which regrouped in the year of 2004 to compose the soundtrack of the PlayStation 2 Cowboy Bebop video game, released in Japan in 2005. She has composed for Koei games released during the late 1980s to early 1990s and for Napple Tale, a Dreamcast game.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Due to her close involvement in the Cowboy Bebop anime, the game released by Bandai also features her work.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Apart from anime and games, Kanno also composes for live-action films and television commercials. Some popular brands she has composed for are Canon, DoCoMo, Fuji Xerox, Seven-Eleven, Microsoft, Nissan, Toyota, Shiseido, Avon, and MasterCard to name a few. Grand Funk Inc. is her recording studio of choice in producing for these two media. Contributions to films started in the 1990s but only since 2002 has there been a trend towards the medium. Most of the latter were shown in international film festivals.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} She attended Otakon and Anime Expo in 1999, as well as Anime Expo New York in 2002. In 2010, she made a surprise appearance at Anime Expo. Yoko Kanno performed her solo PianoMe concert at Otakon 2013.[8] Connection to Gabriela Robin{{anchor|Gabriela Robin|Gabriela Robin|Gabriella Robin}}On many of Kanno's tracks, a woman named "Gabriela Robin" was credited as a lyricist and vocalist, but whenever these songs were performed in concert, either Maaya Sakamoto or Origa would perform them instead. In a 2009 written interview, Robin proclaimed that she would perform for the first time live at Kanno's 2009 Tanabata Sonic concert, but at the end of the concert, which featured Kanno directing the Warsaw Philharmonic, Kanno turned to the audience and sang "Moon", a song previously attributed to Robin from the Turn A Gundam soundtrack, revealing that "Gabriela Robin" was simply a pseudonym Kanno used to write songs mixing English and Japanese freely. In a later interview, Kanno said she had picked the name because the first orchestral recording she had heard was the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, and at the time Yitzhak Rabin served as Israel's Prime Minister.[9][10]Personal lifeIn addition to Japanese, she speaks a little English and some French, but claims that her English is "poor" and she needs translation help to converse in French.[6] In regards to spirituality and religion, she said: {{quote|I'm not religious at all. But Japanese don't believe in one God, but in gods everywhere in plants and animals. That's right. In Japan, Christianity has a wonderful image. People enjoy the image of Christ and Christianity in picture books, but not as a religion.[11]}}Besides music, Kanno also enjoys photography and writing. She has written a number of journals for Newtype magazine of which photos for illustrations are done by Kanno herself as well,[12] and a selection of photos taken by Kanno of her protégé and former production partner Maaya Sakamoto were featured in the special event program for Sakamoto's 2010 thirtieth birthday concert at Nippon Budokan.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} In 2011, Kanno expressed her support and wishes to the victims of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, composing a song titled "Kimi de Ite, Buji de Ite".{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Later, she composed NHK's official support song on the occasion of the first anniversary of the earthquake entitled "Hana wa Saku" ("Flowers Will Bloom") featuring lyrics by Sendai film director Shunji Iwai. The song features notable natives from the affected areas of Fukushima, Miyagi, and Iwate.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} Discography{{More footnotes|section|BLP=yes|date=February 2017}}Solo studio albums
Anime works
Video games{{See also|Women in the video game industry|List of women in the video game industry}}
Movie works
TV work
Works for associated acts
Works for pop albums(In Order of Starting Year of Affiliation)
Commercial musicCompanies that have commissioned Kanno for commercial music.[13] {{div col|colwidth=15em}}
Hired vocalists{{Cleanup list|date=March 2017}}{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://tetsu100.skjs.net/profile.html |title=TETSU100% member profiles |publisher=TETSU100% |date= |accessdate=July 11, 2018}} 2. ^{{Cite journal |author=Masako Furukawa |title=Modern Portrait: Composer Yoko Kanno |journal=Asahi Shimbun Weekly Aera |publication-date=2013-10-21 |publisher=Asahi Shimbun Publications |pages=56–60 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.productionig.com/contents/works_sp/47_/s08_/index.html |title=Production IG Interview with Yoko Kanno for Ghost in the Shell: SAC |publisher=Productionig.com |date=March 20, 1966 |accessdate=September 10, 2011}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2014/11/yoko-kanno-interview|title=Red Bull Music Academy Daily|website=daily.redbullmusicacademy.com|access-date=2017-11-09}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.productionig.com/contents/works_sp/47_/s08_/000617.html |title=Production I.G [WORK LIST[Details]] |publisher=Productionig.com |accessdate=September 10, 2011}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.ex.org/4.5/16-interview_kanno1.html |title=Interview with Kanno Yoko |publisher=Ex.org |accessdate=September 10, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000304104026/http://www.ex.org/4.5/16-interview_kanno1.html |archivedate=March 4, 2000 |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0437819/bio|title=Yôko Kanno|author=|date=|website=IMDb}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2013-05-15/composer-yoko-kanno-to-perform-concert-at-otakon|title=Composer Yoko Kanno to Perform Concert at Otakon - News - Anime News Network|work=Anime News Network|accessdate=September 16, 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cpra.jp/web2/plazaweb/interview/2011/vol034.html|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130501074905/http://www.cpra.jp/web2/plazaweb/interview/2011/vol034.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=May 1, 2013|title=PLAZA インタビュー「菅野よう子さん」 - : PLAZA INTERVIEW - CPRA 公益社団法人日本芸能実演家団体協議会 実演家著作隣接権センター|publisher=|accessdate=September 16, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/1998-10-07/new-yoko-kanno-releases-announced|title=New Yoko Kanno releases announced|author=|date=|website=animenewsnetwork.com}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ex.org/4.5/17-interview_kanno2.html |title=Interview with Kanno Yoko |publisher=Ex.org |accessdate=September 10, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110910155100/http://www.ex.org/4.5/17-interview_kanno2.html |archivedate=September 10, 2011 |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cybird.fr/pokkarishita/ |title=Pokkarishita Translation Project |publisher=Cybird.fr |date=May 1, 2010 |accessdate=September 10, 2011}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://grandfunk.net |title=Grand Funk Inc. Official Website |publisher=Grandfunk.net |accessdate=September 10, 2011}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Ben del Maestro|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1291863/|website=IMDB|accessdate=13 December 2016}} External links
48 : 1963 births|20th-century accordionists|20th-century classical composers|20th-century classical pianists|20th-century conductors (music)|20th-century Japanese composers|20th-century Japanese singers|20th-century jazz composers|20th-century women musicians|21st-century accordionists|21st-century classical composers|21st-century classical pianists|21st-century conductors (music)|21st-century Japanese composers|21st-century Japanese singers|21st-century jazz composers|21st-century women musicians|Anime composers|Bebop composers|Blues musicians|Female film score composers|Female jazz composers|Female television composers|Japanese accordionists|Japanese classical composers|Japanese classical pianists|Japanese electronic musicians|Japanese female classical composers|Japanese female singers|Japanese film score composers|Japanese jazz composers|Japanese jazz pianists|Japanese keyboardists|Japanese music arrangers|Japanese record producers|Japanese rock musicians|Japanese television composers|Japanese women pianists|Living people|Musicians from Miyagi Prefecture|Victor Entertainment artists|Video game composers|Waseda University alumni|Women classical pianists|Women conductors (music)|Women in electronic music|Women jazz pianists|Women record producers |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。