| 词条 | Youbian dubian |
| 释义 |
Youbian dubian ({{zh|t=有邊讀邊|s=有边读边|p=yǒu biān dú biān|l=read the side if any}}), or dubanbian ({{zh|t=讀半邊|s=读半边|p=dú bàn biān|l=read the half}}), is a rule of thumb people use to pronounce a Chinese character when they do not know its exact pronunciation. A longer version is youbian dubian, meibian duzhongjian ({{lang|zh-Hant|有邊讀邊，沒邊讀中間}} lit. "read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side"). Around 90% of Chinese characters are phono-semantic compounds that consist of two parts: a semantic part (often the radical) that suggests a general meaning (e.g. the part 貝 [shell] indicates that a character concerns commerce, as people used shells as currency in ancient times), and a phonetic part which shows how the character is or was pronounced. The phonetic part represents the exact or almost-exact pronunciation of the character when the character was first created; characters sharing the same phonetic part had the same reading. Linguists rely heavily on this fact to reconstruct the sounds of ancient Chinese. However, over time, the reading of a character may be no longer the one indicated by the phonetic part due to sound change and general vagueness.[1] When one encounters such a two-part character and does not know its exact pronunciation, one may take one of the parts as the phonetic indicator. For example, reading 詣 (pinyin: yì) as zhǐ because its "side" 旨 is pronounced as such. Some of this kind of "folk reading" have become acceptable over time - listed in dictionaries as alternative pronunciations, or simply become the common reading. For example, people read the character 町 ting in 西門町 (Ximending) as if it were 丁 ding. It has been called a "phenomenon of analogy", and is observed in as early as the Song Dynasty.[2] Notes1. ^Cf. Qiu Xigui, Chinese Writing, trans. Gilbert L. Mattos and Jerry Norman, Early China Special Monograph Series No. 4, Berkeley: The Society for the Study of Early China and the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 2000, §8.6. 2. ^Zhu Jianing 竺家寧, "Songdai yuyin de leihua xianxiang" 宋代語音的類化現象, in Jindai yin lunji 近代音論集, Taipei: Taiwan xuesheng shuju, 1994, pp. 159-172. External links{{Portal|China|Language}}
1 : Chinese characters |
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