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词条 Dorand DO.1
释义

  1. Design and development

  2. Operational history

  3. Operators

  4. Specifications (DO.1)

  5. References

name=DO.1 image= caption=

}}{{Infobox aircraft type

 type=Armoured reconnaissance biplane national origin=France manufacturer= designer=Emile Dorand first flight=1913 introduced= retired= status= primary user= Aéronautique Militaire more users= produced= number built=at least 6 program cost= unit cost= developed from= variants with their own articles=
}}

The Dorand DO.1 was an armoured reconnaissance-bomber designed and built in France from 1913. A small number were used operationally as a stop-gap measure.

Design and development

General Bernard of the Aéronautique Militaire issued a specification for an armoured reconnaissance-bomber, with response from Blériot, Breguet, Clément-Bayard, Deperdussin, Ponnier, Voisin and Dorand.[1]

Capitaine Emile Dorand's offering, the DO.1, was an un-equal span biplane of wooden construction and fabric covering, with a slender square-section fuselage supported on struts between the negatively staggered mainplanes.[1] Power was supplied by a {{cvt|85|hp}} Anzani 6-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, mounted in the nose. The pilot sat in an open cockpit under the trailing edge of the upper mainplane and the mechanic / observer sat in an open cockpit forward of the wings, protected from small arms fire by {{cvt|90|kg}} armour plates.[1] Control was through conventional ailerons and rudder with an all-flying biplane tailplane providing pitch conrol. The undercarriage consisted of paired mainwheels mounted on struts, with skids between each pair of wheels and a tail-skid at the end of the fuselage. The DO.1 was found to be easy to fly, but seriously under-powered, resulting in a very short service life.[1]

Later, in 1916, the DO.1 was resurrected and re-designed as the Dorand AR.1 and AR.2, retaining many of the features of the DO.1 with a new fuselage and much more powerful engine.[1]

Operational history

Do.1s were issued to Escadrille DO14 at Belfort on 14 December 1914, which used them in support of the 7th Armée at Hartmanswillerkopf and Rickhackerhoff in Belgium. DO14 replaced its DO.1s with Maurice Farman MF.11 in early 1915.[2] Six more DO.1s were issued to Escadrille DO22 at Villacoublay on 23 August 1914, flying operations in support of the 4th Armée in the Battle of the Marne. DO22 replaced its DO.1s with Maurice Farman MF.11 by 14 November 1914 and was re-designated Escadrille MF22.[2] A few DQ.1s were assigned to Escadrille V14 for escort duties but were quickly withdrawn from operations.[2]

In 1913 a DO.1 flown by Labouchère flew {{cvt|1800|km}} and a group of six aircraft led by Capitaine Leclerc flew {{cvt|1400|km}} in six stages.[9]

Operators

{{FRA}}
  • Aéronautique Militaire
    • Escadrille DO14
    • Escadrille DO22
    • Escadrille V14

Specifications (DO.1)

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Precursoraviation: The Dorand Do 1 - 1913,[3] Aviafrance:Dorand DO.1[4]
|prime units?=met


|crew=2
|length m=10.07
|span m=15
|lower span m=
|lower span ft=
|lower span in=
|lower span note=
|height m=3.3
|wing area sqm=50
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=700
|gross weight kg=1000
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=


|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Anzani 10-cylinder
|eng1 type= air-cooled radial piston engine
|eng1 hp=85
|prop blade number=2
|prop name=wooden fixed-pitch propeller
|prop dia m=
|prop dia ft=
|prop dia in=
|prop dia note=!-- helicopters -->
|rot area note=


|max speed kmh=108
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed mph=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range nmi=
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=4
|ceiling m=8400
|g limits=
|roll rate=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude={{cvt|4500|m}} in 16 minutes
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|more performance=

  • Takeoff run: {{cvt|90|m}}
  • Landing: {{cvt|95|m}}

}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title=AviationsMilitaires.net — Dorand Do.1 |url=https://www.aviationsmilitaires.net/v2/base/view/Model/1636.html |website=www.aviationsmilitaires.net |accessdate=12 December 2018 |language=French}}
2. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Davilla |first1=Dr. James J. |last2=Soltan |first2=Arthur M. |title=French aircraft of the First World War |publisher=Flying Machines Press |isbn=1891268090 |pages=198-199}}
3. ^1 {{cite web |title=The Dorand Do 1 - 1913 |url=http://www.precurseursaviation.com/dorand.htm |website=www.precurseursaviation.com |accessdate=12 December 2018 |language=French}}
4. ^{{cite web |last1=Parmentier |first1=Bruno |title=Dorand DO.1 |url=https://www.aviafrance.com/dorand-do-1-aviation-france-10194.htm |website=Aviafrance |accessdate=12 December 2018 |location=Paris |language=French}}
{{wwi-air}}

6 : French military reconnaissance aircraft 1910–1919|Military aircraft of World War I|Biplanes with negative stagger|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Aircraft manufactured in France|Aircraft first flown in 1913
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