| 词条 | Battle of Rancagua |
| 释义 |
|conflict=Battle of Rancagua |partof=the Chilean War of Independence |image=Carga de O'Higgins.jpg |image_size=300px |caption=Bernardo O'Higgins' charge by Pedro Subercaseaux |date=October 1–2, 1814 |place=Rancagua, Chile |result=Decisive Royalist Victory
|combatant1= Chilean patriots |combatant2={{flagicon|Spain|1785}} Royalists |commander1= Bernardo O'Higgins Juan José Carrera |commander2={{flagicon|Spain|1785}} Mariano Osorio |strength1=2,000 6 cannons |strength2=2,200 18 cannons |casualties1=600 killed 400 wounded 888 captured |casualties2=111 killed 113 wounded }}{{Campaignbox Patria Vieja Chile}} The Battle of Rancagua also known as the Disaster of Rancagua occurred on October 1, 1814, to October 2, 1814, when the Spanish Army under the command of Mariano Osorio defeated the rebel Chilean forces led by Bernardo O’Higgins. This put an end to the Chilean Patria Vieja and it was the beginning of the Spanish Reconquista of South America.[1] BackgroundWhen Spain heard about the Patriot revolt in Chile, they sent an army of Spanish soldiers and royalists to defeat the rebellion. When O'Higgins heard about the besieged army in Rancagua, he went with his army of 1,000 patriots, to reinforce Juan Carrera's army in Rancagua. Outnumbered and with barely enough supplies, O'Higgins did not retreat and sealed the destiny of his army. The BattleThe battle occurred on the morning of October 1, 1814, outside the town of Rancagua. The Chilean forces had occupied the town prior to this confrontation, ultimately were surrounded by Osorio’s forces who advanced towards the town.[2] The reason for occupying the town was its strategic importance in the defense of the Chilean capital, Santiago. The battle was fierce and the Spanish had an elite force of soldiers known as “Talaveras” who were veterans from the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. As the fighting continued onward to the evening, the Spanish forces decided to set fire to the town.[3] With casualties growing, the Chilean forces requested reinforcements from the capital city of Santiago, which was 87 Kilometers north of Rancagua.[4] Ultimately the request failed and forced the Chilean army to disperse and flee to the countryside and wilderness. After the defeat, the Spanish went into Santiago and crushed the Chilean Government and instituted their brutal Reconquista of Chile. AftermathAfter the Battle of Rancagua, the Spanish captured Santiago within a few days and this marked the beginning of the Reconquista of South America. This battle became a stain in Chile's national memory as it was a time when the nation was lost and the people were hopeless that their struggle for independence was in vain. The people fled elsewhere in South America as refugees to escape the violence the Spanish would have given to the rebels.[5] See also
References1. ^{{Cite book|title=A History of Chile, 1808-2002 Second Edition|last=Collier|first=Simon|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-521-82749-3|location=Cambridge|pages=35–37}} {{coord missing|Chile}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rancagua, Battle Of}}{{Chile-hist-stub}}2. ^{{Cite book|title=Armies, politics and revolution Chile, 1808-1826|last=Ossa|first=Juan|publisher=Liverool University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-78138-132-8|location=Liverpool|pages=52}} 3. ^{{Cite book|title=Armies, politics and revolution Chile, 1808, 1826|last=Ossa|first=Juan|publisher=Liverpool University Press|year=2014|location=Liverpool|pages=53}} 4. ^{{Cite book|title=Bernardo O'Higgins and the Independence of Chile|last=Clissold|first=Stephen|publisher=Frederick A. Praeger, Publishers|year=1969|location=Washington, New York|pages=129–131}} 5. ^{{Cite book|title=Bernardo O'Higgins|last=Kinsbruner|first=Jay|publisher=Twayne Publishers Inc.|year=1968|location=New York|pages=84}} 10 : Conflicts in 1814|Battles involving Chile|Battles involving Spain|Battles of the Spanish American wars of independence|Battles of the Chilean War of Independence|Battles of the Patria Vieja Campaign|1814 in Chile|Rancagua|History of O'Higgins Region|October 1814 events |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。