| 词条 | Draft:Alameda of Valencia |
| 释义 |
{{Infobox road The Alameda (in Valencian Albereda) is an important boulevard, public garden or walkway of the city of Valencia that traditionally extends from the Jardines del Real to the Plaza de Zaragoza, bordering the north shore of the Jardin del Turia. Even so, the successive extensions of this avenue to the port, now without the aixopluc of the trees, still receive the name of the Paseo de la Alameda. HistoryLa Alameda was part of the old entry to the Palacio Real de Valencia from the sea. Opened in 1677, at that time it was also called the Prado de Valencia because of its size and with reference to the old rahal or farm that covered this area (see El Pla del Real). In the mid-seventeenth century, the "Fábrica Nova del Riu"finished building the walls and parapets of the river in this area (on the left bank of the river) so that the place now protected from the floods was transformed into a more habitable place. Completed the work of construction of the parapets, towards 1674 a period of public embellishment of the place begins, being created in 1677 an oval square in front of the Palacio del Real, place that would be used as place of celebrations, mainly bullfights. This space was located approximately in the place that today is called the Llano del Real. Towards 1692, the Alameda has already acquired the character of a public walk and the "Fàbrica de Murs i Valls" decides to embellish the walk in all its extension that at that time only reached the Puente del Mar. New trees are planted and the oval square located in front of the Palacio del Real is decorated with stone balls and benches creating the principal entry to the Paseo de la Alameda. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Kingdom of Valencia’s governor, Rodrigo Caballero Llanes, tackled a series of improvements aimed at defining and improving a tree-lined walk that, on the left bank of the Turia, linked the Llano del Real with the start of the road that led to the Grao in the Puente del Mar. For that reason in 1714, the governor Caballero orders to Lorenzo Llop the replantation of trees and poplars. The Alameda becomes a leafy walk of 825 meters in length, distributed in two streets of 15 meters wide each for the carriages, while the central street was for walkers.He ordered the construction of la Ermita de la Soledad (unfortunately disappeared at present) and the two towers known as Torre de los Guardas, that are still preserved. He also ordered the construction of a second oval or square, similar to the one already built that closed the promenade at the level of El Puente del Mar. In 18th century, therefore, there were two small squares or ovals, one on each side of La Alameda that closed it off. In the closest small square to the Royal Palace, on two jasper columns made by the stonemason Domingo Laviesca between 1715 and 1716 were placed the half-body busts of Philip V of Spain and his first wife Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy, as well as on the opposite side a single column also made by Domingo Laviesca, placed a full-body sculpture of Philip V son, Louis I of Spain. Currently the bust of King Philip V is located in the Museum of Fine Arts in Valencia, while the remaining two and the two columns have disappeared. The busts of Philip V and his wife were made by Leonardo Julio Capuz (1660-1731), as well as the sculpture of his son Louis was made up by Francisco Vergara el Mayor, and were build up with Genoa marble. During the War of Independence, the promenade of la Alameda was damaged. A lot of busts from the ovals, la Ermita de la Soledad, the architectural decoration of the ovals and a large number of tree species were disappeared, which led that, once the French take up the city, the French general Suchet will order the replanting of trees and the restoration of the site in 1812. The municipal architect Cristobal Sales was the responsible and he drew up a landscaped layout with a classical style and different styles. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries this place become the most frequented by Valencian nobles and bourgeois who walked through its two streets (also known as salons) with their carriages and Berliners. In 1932 the Republican City Council of Valencia hired Javier Goerlich to carry out his reform. He extended its length, forming a promenade of approximately one kilometre between the Aragon Bridge and the Puente del Real. He changed the location of La Fuente de los Cuatro Elementos to its current location. He also pedestrianized the Puente del Mar and endowed it with a large staircase and a matching stone decoration. Nowadays it forms a little more than a kilometer walk between the puente del Realand the puente de Aragón. The turretsThe two towers named Torres de los Guardas are preserved from the primitive alameda. They were constructed in 1714 according to an order of the intendant Rodrigo Caballero and dedicated to San Felipe and San Jaime, were destined to lodge to the tenants of the near orchards and the walk in particular. The roof of each one has a pyramidal shape covered with blue glazed tiles. On the façade are the shields of the most influential families of the 18th century, which symbolize the aristocratic character of the new Bourbon Valencia. Important elementsThe Alameda’s historyThe historical part runs from the municipal Viveros to the Zaragoza’s square, along 1 km. It is connected to the Ciudadela walk’s, on the other side of the river, by five bridges: tha Puente del Real, the [puente de la exposición (Valencia)|puente de la exposición]], the puente de las flores, the puente de la mar and the Puente de Aragón. It is organized in a main avenue, two independent lanes of three lanes each one and with parking areas in both to the center and the edges; two meadow areas on both sides; and a service road with two lanes of one way (East-West) at the North. This is where the Torres de los Guardas are located. The subway station under the Puente de la Exposition, parallel to the Alameda and with access to it, was designed by Santiago Calatrava, adopting the name in Spanish of the old Alameda railway station, which was next to avenue of Aragon. The new AlamedaThe new part, already without the meadow, runs between the Zaragoza’s square and the Grau cemetery, and between them there are four revolving squares with famous sculptures such as the Parotet. It lengths 2,5 km. It offers the main entrance of the Palau de la Música, also designed by Calatrava, and there are located from a few important companies’ headquarters besides the Valencia Tourism Center (CdT). It is communicated with the other bank through four bridges. Externals links{{commonscat|Albereda de València}}
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