| 词条 | Yusof Ishak |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = Tun Haji |name = Yusof Ishak يوسف بن إسحاق | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|list=DUT (First Class)|size=100%}} |image = Yusof Ishak.png |caption = President Yusof Ishak Wax Figure at Madame Tussauds Singapore | native_name = Yusof bin Ishak | native_name_lang = ms | pronunciation = |office = 1st President of Singapore |term_start = 9 August 1965 (retroactive) |term_end = 23 November 1970 |primeminister = Lee Kuan Yew (1959–1990) |predecessor = Newly created post (he was previously Yang di-Pertua Negera of Singapura) |successor = Yeoh Ghim Seng ({{small|Acting President}}) Benjamin Henry Sheares ({{small|President}}) |office2 = 1st Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapura |term_start2 = 16 September 1963 (retroactive) |term_end2 = 9 August 1965 (retroactive) |monarch2 = Putra of Perlis{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} |primeminister2= Lee Kuan Yew |predecessor2 = Newly created post (he was previously Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore) |successor2 = Position abolished |office3 = 2nd Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore |term_start3 = 3 December 1959 |term_end3 = 16 September 1963 (retroactive) |monarch3 = Queen Elizabeth II Hisamuddin of Selangor{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} |primeminister3= Lee Kuan Yew |predecessor3 = Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode |successor3 = Position abolished |birth_name = Yusof bin Ishak |birth_date = {{birth date|1910|8|12|df=y}} |birth_place = Terong, Taiping, Perak, Federated Malay States {{small|(now Malaysia)}} |party = {{hlist|Independent|People's Action Party }} |death_date = {{Death date and age|1970|11|23|1910|8|12|df=yes}} |death_place = Singapore |restingplace = Kranji State Cemetery |restingplacecoordinates = |nationality = Singaporean |spouse = {{marriage|Noor Aishah Mohammad Salim|20 November 1949|23 November 1970}} |children = {{unbulleted list|Orkid Kamariah binti Yusof (daughter)|"Baba" Imran bin Yusof (son)|Zuriana binti Yusof (daughter)}} |alma_mater = Victoria School (formerly Victoria Bridge School) Raffles Institution (distinction in Cambridge School Certificate) (awarded Queen's Scholarship) |occupation = Politician |profession = Journalist |signature = |website = http://www.istana.gov.sg/ |allegiance = Straits Settlements (to 1946) Colony of Singapore (to 1959) Colony of Singapore (to 1963) Malaysia (to 1965) Singapore (to 1970) |branch = Federation of Malaya Police (to 1933) Malaya Command (to 1957) Singapore Infantry Regiment (1957-1970) Malaysian Armed Forces (1963-1965) Singapore Armed Forces (1966-1970) |serviceyears = 1929–1970 |rank = Colonel; CINC |unit = Singapore Infantry Regiment Singapore Armed Forces |commands = Commander-in-Chief Colonel of the Regiment |battles = World War II (1939-1945)
Part of (Cold War)
|width=122 px}}Tun Haji Yusof bin Ishak {{post-nominals|list=DUT (First Class), SMN, KStJ}} (Jawi: يوسف بن إسحاق; {{IPAc-en|ˈ|j|ʊ|s|ɒ|f|_|b|ɪ|n|_|ˈ|ɪ|s|h|ɑː|k}} {{respell|YUUSS|off|_|bin|_|ISS|hahk}}; 12 August 1910{{spaced ndash}}23 November 1970) was a Singaporean politician who was the first President of Singapore, serving from 1965 to 1970. He was chosen by the Parliament of Singapore in 1970. Before becoming head-of-state, Yusof was a well-known journalist and co-founded Utusan Melayu, which is still in publication today. He started journalism after he graduated from Raffles Institution in 1929 and in 1932, he joined Warta Malaya, a well-known Malay newspaper company at that time. He left the company in 1938 and co-founded Utusan Melayu.[1] Yusof held many appointments within the Singaporean government, he served on the Film Appeal Committee from 1948 to 1950 and was also a member of both the Nature Reserves Committee and Malayanisation Commission for a year. In July 1959, he was appointed Chairman of the Public Service Commission, Singapore.[2] He was sworn on 3 December 1959 as Singapore's Yang di-Pertuan Negara (head of state) after the PAP won the first election held in Singapore after Singapore's self-governance.[3] Yusof then became the first President of Singapore after the country gained independence on 9 August 1965. His portrait appears on the Singapore Portrait Series currency notes introduced in 1999. BiographyEarly lifeBorn on 12 August 1910 in Terong, Taiping, Perak Darul Ridzuan, which was then part of the Federated Malay States (present day Malaysia), Yusof was the eldest son in a family of nine. He was of Minangkabau descent from his father's side while his mother was a Malay from the Langkat region in Indonesia.[4] His father, Ishak bin Ahmad, was also a civil servant and held the post of Acting Director of Fisheries, Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States.[5] His brother, Aziz Ishak, was a Malayan journalist and freedom fighter. Yusof received his early education in a Malay school in Kuala Kurau, Perak and began his English studies in 1921 at King Edward VII School in Taiping, He was then admitted to Victoria Bridge School in 1923 when his father was posted to Singapore. In 1924, he was enrolled in Raffles Institution for his secondary education. During his time in Raffles Institution, he played various sports such as swimming, weight lifting, water-polo, boxing, hockey and cricket and had also represented the school in various sporting events. He was also part of the Singapore National Cadet Corps and was commissioned as the first ever cadet officer in the Corps due to his outstanding performance. Yusof received his Cambridge School Certificate with distinction in 1927, he was also awarded the Queen's Scholarship and decided to prolong his studies at Raffles Institution until 1929.[1] Journalism careerAfter graduating from Raffles Institution in 1929, Yusof began his career as a journalist and went into partnership with two other friends to publish, Sportsman, a sports magazine devoted entirely to sports.[6] In 1932, Yusof joined Warta Malaya, a well-known newspaper during that time.[7] Warta Malaya was heavily influenced by developments in the Middle East and Yusof wanted a newspaper dedicated to Malay issues. He fulfilled his vision by establishing Utusan Melayu with several Malay leaders in Singapore in May 1939.[8] During the Japanese Occupation of Singapore, Utusan Melayu had to stop circulation as machinery used to print the paper were requisitioned to publish the Japanese paper, Berita Malai. Yusof then moved back to Taiping and with the remaining money he had, he opened a provision shop and lived there until the war ended in 1945 and Utusan Melayu resumed publication. In 1957, Yusof moved to Kuala Lumpur and in February 1958, the headquarters of Utusan Melayu was also relocated to the city. During the post-war period, many Malays wanted independence of Malaya from the British and Yusof, fanned this fervour through his publications which resulted in the formation of the United Malay Nationalist Organisation (UMNO) in 1946. However, his democratic ideals were different from UMNO's vision of reestablishing the monarchy of Malaya. This resulted in rising tensions within the Utusan Melayu and in 1959, Yusof had sold his shares he had in the company and resigned as UMNO had bought over almost all of the shares of Utusan Melayu.[8] Political career and presidencyYusof held several appointments within the Singaporean government, he had served on the Film Appeal Committee from 1948 to 1950 and was also a member of both the Nature Reserves Committee and Malayanisation Commission for a year. After his resignation from Utusan Melayu, Yusof took the position of Chairman of the Public Service Commission of Singapore at the invitation of then Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew.[9] After PAP's victory from the 1959 Singaporean elections, Yusof was appointed as Yang di-Pertuan Negara and was sworn on 3 December 1959.[10] During his time as Yang di-Pertuan Negara, Singapore was divided by racial conflicts. Yusof actively promoted multiculturalism and reached out to people of all races to help restore trust and confidence after the 1964 racial riots.[11] On 9 August 1965, Singapore was expelled from Malaysia and became an independent nation. The position of Yang di-Pertuan Negara was abolished and Yusof then became the first President of Singapore. As president, Yusof reached out to the people to reassure citizens astonished by Singapore's expulsion and continued to promote multiculturalism and a national identity within the country by visiting constituencies and reached out to different racial and religious groups.[12] Yusof served for three terms in office before he died on 23 November 1970 due to heart failure.[13] Family and personal lifeYusof is survived by his wife of twenty one years, Puan Noor Aishah, and their three children, Orkid Kamariah, Imran, and Zuriana.[14] Puan Noor Aishah continued her husband's legacy of public service and was the first Asian to become president of the Singapore Girl Guides Association.[15] She and her now adult children were interviewed for the Channel NewsAsia documentary Daughters of Singapore, which screened in August 2015 as part of the SG50 celebrations and commemorated the spouses of Yusof Ishak and David Marshall, two pioneer leaders of Singapore.[16] Yusof participated in several sports in his youth. He won the Aw Boon Par Cup for boxing in 1932, and was the national lightweight champion in weightlifting in 1933.[17] One of Yusof's hobbies was photography, and a collection of his photographs was donated to the National Archives of Singapore by his widow, Noor Aishah.[18] He also cultivated orchids,[19] and had the tennis courts at his residence on the Istana grounds, Sri Melati, converted into an orchid garden.[20] He performed the pilgrimage to Mecca in 1963.[21] LegacyThe following institutions bear Yusof Ishak's name:
Titles and styles
Awards and honours
See also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.istana.gov.sg/the-president/former-presidents/encik-yusof-ishak|title=Encik Yusof Ishak|publisher=Istana Singapore |accessdate=6 April 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1097_2006-07-28.html |title=Yusof Head of State. The Straits Times, p. 1. Retrieved from NewspaperSG|date=2 December 1959|accessdate=4 April 2016}} 3. ^Seet, K. K. (2000). The Istana (pp.88–89). Singapore: Times Editions. Call no.: RART 725.17095957 IST; Singapore rejoices. (1959, 4 December). The Straits Times, p. 1 4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.istana.gov.sg/content/istana/thepresident/formerpresidents/yi.html | title=Istana - Former Presidents | publisher=The Istana | date=13 December 2010 | accessdate=April 23, 2018}}{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602085028/http://www.istana.gov.sg/content/istana/thepresident/formerpresidents/yi.html |date=2 June 2011 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thesingaporean.com/OurSpore/AllAbtSpore/Presidents/FirstPresident.asp|title=The Singaporean Yusof Bin Ishak|publisher=The Singaporean|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.knowledgenet.com.sg/singapore/SG/BI/BIYBI001_next_0.html|title=Biography - Yusuf bin Ishak|publisher=Knowledge Net|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/5dc9a0c8-3ce3-46ac-bfa6-e1672593bf8d|title=First issue of Warta Malaya (1930–1942) is published - Singapore History|publisher=History SG|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 8. ^1 {{cite book|url=http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=5838940|title=Malay newspapers, 1876-1973: A historical survey of the literature (pp. 27–32)|last=Kuntom. |first=Ainon (1973). }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/life-and-times-of-yusof-ishak-singapores-first-president|title=Life and times of Yusof Ishak, Singapore's first president|publisher=The Straits Times|date=18 August 2014|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/yusof-ishak-man-and-his-passions|title=Yusof Ishak: The man and his passions|publisher=AsiaOne|date=25 August 2014|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 11. ^{{cite book|url=http://eservice.nlb.gov.sg/item_holding_s.aspx?bid=4826186 |title= State of Singapore. Government Gazette. Extraordinary. (G.N. 62, p.1055).|publisher=Singapore|date=3 December 1959}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.sg/content/mfa/media_centre/singapore_headlines/2015/201507/headlines_20150715.html|title=Straits Times: Iseas to be named after Yusof Ishak on Aug 12|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19701124-1.2.2.aspx|title= Cabinet pays last respects.|publisher=The Straits Times, (Retrieved from NewspaperSG)|date=24 November 1970|accessdate=6 April 2016}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20111121-311693/5.html|title=Growing up in the Presidents' shadow|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150324004744/http://news.asiaone.com/News/AsiaOne+News/Singapore/Story/A1Story20111121-311693/5.html|archive-date=24 March 2015|dead-url=yes|publisher=AsiaOne|df=dmy-all}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=History of Girl Guides Singapore|url=http://www.girlguides.org.sg/ggs/slot/u48/history/Milestones&Achievements.pdf|publisher=Girl Guides Singapore|date=2010}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Changing Lives: Puan Dr Noor Aishah|url=http://changinglives.channelnewsasia.com/digital-resources/video/puan-dr-noor-aishah/|publisher=Channel NewsAsia}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.tnp.sg/news/others/son-spore-first-president-yes-i-taught-pm-lee-ride-bike|title=Son of S'pore first President: Yes, I taught PM Lee to ride a bike|date=2014-08-23|work=The New Paper|access-date=2017-08-10|language=en}} 18. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/article/yusof-bin-ishak-first-head-of-state | title=Yusof bin Ishak - The Republic of Singapore’s First Head of State | publisher=National Archives of Singapore | accessdate=April 24, 2018 | author=Khoo, Kevin | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104161026/http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/article/yusof-bin-ishak-first-head-of-state | archivedate= January 4, 2018 |deadurl=yes}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://ifonlysingaporeans.blogspot.sg/2014/08/yusof-ishak-man-and-his-passions.html|title=Yusof Ishak: The Man and his Passions|website=ifonlysingaporeans.blogspot.sg|accessdate=23 April 2018}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.propertyguru.com.sg/lifestyle/article/4/singapore-s-history-the-istana|title=Singapore's history: The Istana |website= PropertyGuru Singapore |language=en|access-date=2017-08-10}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/article/yusof-bin-ishak-first-head-of-state|title=Yusof bin Ishak - The Republic of Singapore’s First Head of State|website=www.nas.gov.sg|publisher=Archives Online|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803203103/http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/article/yusof-bin-ishak-first-head-of-state|archivedate=3 August 2017|accessdate=3 August 2017|quote="These pictures were personally taken by President Yusof Ishak during his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1963."|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/yusof-ishak-mosque-opens-in-woodlands-8725312|title=Yusof Ishak Mosque opens in Woodlands|date=14 April 2017|work=Channel News Asia}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Set of six SG50 commemorative notes unveiled|url=http://www.todayonline.com/singapore/new-set-s50-s10-commemorative-notes-unveiled-sg50|work=TODAY|date=19 August 2015}} 24. ^{{cite web | url=http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jfyryToSqKo/UX0lV2gXD3I/AAAAAAAAAhs/Ly0aaaTcWw4/s1600/sheares-reduced-medal.jpg | title=Orders and Medals of Yusof Ishak | date=July 31, 1965 | accessdate=April 24, 2018}} 25. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1097_2006-07-28.html#honours|title=Yusof bin Ishak |first=Marsita |last=Omar |publisher=Infopedia / National Library Board, Singapore |website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg |date=2016 |accessdate=23 April 2018}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/v8/images/stories/1963.pdf|title=Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1963.}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19610629-1.2.73?ST=1&AT=search&k=st+john+ambulance&P=9&Display=0&filterS=0&QT=st,john,ambulance&oref=article|title=Yusof made Knight of St. John|publisher=|accessdate=23 April 2018}}
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|before=Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode |title=Head of State of Singapore |years=1959-1970 |after=Benjamin Henry Sheares}}{{succession box |before=Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode |title=Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore |years=1959–1965 |after=Abolished}}{{succession box|before=Post created |title=President of Singapore |years=1965–1970 |after=Benjamin Henry Sheares}}{{s-end}}{{Singapore Presidents}}{{Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Yusof bin Ishak}} 12 : Presidents of Singapore|Singaporean people of Minangkabau descent|Singaporean people of Malay descent|Singaporean people of Indonesian descent|Minangkabau people|Singaporean Muslims|Victoria School, Singapore alumni|Raffles Institution alumni|1910 births|1970 deaths|Malaysian emigrants to Singapore|Honorary Grand Commanders of the Order of the Defender of the Realm |
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