1. Biography
    Early Political Career  During the Romanian Revolution  Member of Parliament 

2. References

Dan Marțian (23 November 1935–8 March 2002) was a Romanian politician and university professor.

Marțian was a member of the Romanian Communist Party during the period of the Socialist Republic of Romania. In 1971, he became a leader in the Union of Communist Youth, a position that allowed him to serve as Minister in the union from 1971-1972. In 1974, he briefly distanced himself from the world of politics due to grievances with the Ceaușescu regime.

Marțian was a leader in the Romanian Revolution, and was a member of the Council of the National Salvation Front, in which he served as secretary of the executive office. He joined the National Salvation Front as a political party in 1990 under the leadership of Ion Iliescu.

Biography

Early Political Career

In the 1950s, as Marțian attended high school in Oradea, he joined the Union of Communist Youth^[1], a youth organization of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR)^[2], which had held power in the country since the fall of fascist dictator, Ion Antonescu. From 1954-1955 he was a student of the Faculty of General Economics of the Academy of Economic Studies in Bucharest, and from 1955-1960 he relocated to the Soviet Union, to take courses at the Faculty of History of the Lomonosov State University of Moscow^[3]. In this phase, he succeeded in getting himself elected as a member of the Union of Communist Youth committee of the faculty and secretary of the organization's Romanian students in Moscow.

After graduating in 1960, Marțian began a teaching career at the University of Bucharest in the Department of History and Philosophy, where he taught until 1989^[4].

In the 1960s he continued political militancy within Bucharest, climbing the leadership of the youth organization of the party, which allowed him, in March 1971, to succeed Ion Iliescu] as first secretary of the Central Committee of the Union of Communist Youth and, for that reason, as Minister for Youth Affairs in the Government of Ion Gheorghe maurer. He left the position in October 1972.

In addition to activism in the Union of Communist Youth, Marțian also had connections within the Communist Party of Romania itself. In 1968, under the regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu, he was appointed as secretary and was responsible for propaganda within the City Committee of Bucharest, while on 12 August 1969 he succeeded in being appointed as an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Romania. In November 1974 he withdrew from political life, apparently because of a difference of views with the then-president of the socialist republic Nicolae Ceaușescu concerning management of the country^[5]. He concentrated, therefore, almost exclusively on his teaching career^[6].

During the Romanian Revolution

With outbreak of the Romanian Revolution of 1989, during the power vacuum and the subsequent violence, Dan Marțian, alongside other communist dissidents such as Ion Iliescu, Petre Roman, Dumitru Mazilu, Silviu Brucan, Corneliu Mănescu, Victor Stănculescu and Alexandru Bârlădeanu, promoted the creation of a provisional legislative body, and formed the Council of the National Salvation Front (CFSN) which took power in late December 1989 and oversaw the execution of Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife^[7]. After the execution, on 27 December Marțian was designated by the group led by Iliescu as Secretary of the CFSN Executive Office. The executive group of the council was composed of former major PCR members, that had never denied their adherence to communist ideals, but that had lost faith in Ceaușescu as a leader.

In February 1990 Iliescu founded the party of National Salvation Front (FSN), which was formed by an overwhelming majority of CFSN members. At the same time, this was renamed the Interim Council of the National Union (CPUN) and it also allowed the participation of other party representatives that had been created after the Revolution's conclusion. The platform, however, followed the organisation of the CFSN, the majority were members of the FSN and its management was confirmed with very few variations. Marțian was secretary of the executive office also in the new entity, which was in charge of holding free elections and enacting the first laws in a democratic sense.

In-fighting, especially that between Dumitru Mazilu and Ion Iliescu plagued the Nation Salvation Front, and lead many of its membership, wary of the new provisional government's ability to form decisions. Mazilu wanted capitalism, Petre Roman wanted socialism and Iliescu wanted to keep Communism in place, but merely remove Ceaușescu^[8]. As a member of the communist party, who greatly revered figures such as Ștefan Foriș, Marțian tended toward sympathy for Iliescu^[9].

Member of Parliament

In the first democratic elections in May 1990, the FSN held a plebiscite that allowed it to control 2/3 of the parliament. Dan Marțian observed the election as deputy in the Vaslui district and, in June 1990, was appointed president of the Chamber of Deputies, holding office for the entire constituent legislature until October 1992. He was also a member of the committee drafting the draft Rules of the Chamber and co-chairman of the Constituent Assembly (July 1990-November 1991)^[10].

References

• Off-Broadway
• Off-budget enterprise
• Off by one (bug)
• Off by one error
• Off-by-one-error
• Off-by-one error
• Off by one errors
• Off-color humor
• Off-colour humor
• Off-colour humour
• Off cutter
• Offenbach
• Offenbach am Main
• Offenbach-am-Main
• Offenbach-Bieber
• Offenbach (district)
• Offenburg
• Offence
• Offence (law)
• Offend
• Offender Aid and Restoration
• Offender Assessment System
• Offender profiling
• Offenhauser
• Offense