| 词条 | Draft:Grigorije Vasilije |
| 释义 |
BiographyTo date, no one has written specifically about this extraordinary monk. His name is known to us from the colophon from the Serbian manuscript of Josephus (HM.SMS.280) compared to the Russian original (HM.SMS.281). Called Grigorije, he took the name Vasilije when he was tonsured into the Great Schema in the Tower (pirg) of Saint Sava in 1585.[2] Not only was the hieromonk a noteworthy scribe, he also served as abbot of Hilandar Monastery in 1583, multiple times between 1588 and 1591, and continually from 1591–1597/8 (Fotić 2000: 1 7). However, because of his frequent travels, he had to leave the abbot’s duty to another hieromonk. The Hilandar records indicate that Grigorije Vasilije served as an abbot five times between 1588 and 1591. This is understandable considering the need of the abbot to travel, since the best were chosen to represent the monastery abroad. In addition to writing the manuscript and serving as abbot, the hieromonk Grigorije Vasilije was well known as the monastery’s representative on foreign missions. Hilandar Monastery sent him on several missions to seek support for the monastery. This type of mission was called pisanije. It takes its name from the word for letter/correspondence because it entailed the carrying of a letter, written usually by the abbot or abbots, which would accompany a representative of the monastery as he traveled and came in contact with potential benefactors and donors. The reason for this type of frequent travel of the Hilandar monks in the second half of the sixteenth century (after 1569) was undoubtedly the confiscation of the monasteries and monastery land by the Turkish rulers.[3] The monks had to travel and ask for help in order to get the monastery out of debt. These monks had the written permission of the Turkish authorities, which allowed them to travel and collect donations. It is interesting to note that these monks, in order to protect themselves, often had to resort to disguises in order to avoid robbery. Hilandar Monastery has preserved five letters addressed to dignitaries that the hieromonk Grigorije Vasilije presented on behalf of the monastery. One of the important journeys that the hieromonk Grigorije Vasilije made was to Imperial Russia in September of 1582. During this trip, the Hilandar monks stayed in Russia for over a year. Eventually, Grigorije Vasilije and his delegation were admitted to the tsar’s court on December 6, 1583. During this visit, Grigorije Vasilije handed the Hilandar abbot Makarije’s letter to the tsar asking for monetary help for the building of a tower. On this occasion, Tsar Ivan the Terrible gave him the Josephus manuscript as a gift, and 700 rubles to Hilandar for prayers for the repose of the soul of his son, Ivan. The tsar donated another 60 rubles, 40 pieces of beaver’s fur (which, at that time, were worth around 20–30 rubles each), and 20 rubles for each monk.[4] During his stay in Russia, the hieromonk Grigorije Vasilije most probably lived in the residence in Moscow that Tsar Ivan the Terrible had donated to Hilandar Monastery in 1556. The purpose of this residence was to provide accommodation to visiting Hilandarian monks.[5] The “Russian” manuscript is the “parent” of the “Serbian” and was used as the source of what the hieromonk Grigorije Vasilije calls his “translation” into the Serbian recension, where this is explicitly stated: “Српски препис са руског извода XVI века сачуваног у Хил. 281” [“A Serbian Copy from a Russian Source of the 16th century preserved in Hilandar 281”]. The Serbian manuscript consists of 279 leaves written in a Cyrillic semi-uncial according to the standards of Resavian orthography (Bogdanović 1978: 124-12 Matejić and Thomas 1992: 442–443). Resavian orthography (Resava School) succeeded the Rascian, seen in older Serbian Church Slavonic manuscripts, which dated from the time of Saint Sava (1175–1236). The original manuscript is located in the manuscript library of Hilandar Monastery, on Mount Athos, Greece. A microfilm of the manuscript forms part of the Hilandar Monastery Slavic manuscript collection housed at the Hilandar Research Library, a special collection of the Ohio State University Libraries. It was microfilmed in 1971 by the Hilandar Research project of Ohio State University, headed by V. Rev. Matija Matejić.[6] Bibliography
References1. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline 2. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline 3. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline 4. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline 5. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline 6. ^https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=osu1293652166&disposition=inline |
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