| 词条 | Draft:Hubzilla |
| 释义 |
| name = Hubzilla | logo = | logo alt = | screenshot = | caption = | screenshot alt = | collapsible = | author = Mike Macgirvin | developer = [https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core Hubzilla community] | released = {{Start date and age|2015|12|24|df=yes}} | discontinued = | latest release version = 4.0 | latest release date = {{Start date and age|2019|03|08|df=yes}} | latest preview version = | latest preview date = | status = Active | programming language = PHP | operating system = Cross-platform | platform = Apache, Nginx | size = | language = | language count = | language footnote = | genre = Social software | license = MIT License | alexa = | website = {{URL|hubzilla.org}} | standard = | AsOf = }} Development historyHubzilla (formerly Friendica Red[4], Redmatrix[5], Hubmaker[6]) came into existence on May 12th, 2012[4], as a result of testing new approaches for managing user identities and for access controlling. These testings were made by a developer of Friendica called Mike Macgirvin.[7][8] Much of the design concepts for the new platform were based on ideas developed over time about user identity management and privacy permissions. For this purpose, a unique federation protocol named Zot was created.[9] As time went on, the development's focus shifted away from “social networking” towards providing a range of privacy respecting services (as content management, cloud services, and groupware) that were decentralised, yet highly integrated.[10][11] On July 12th, 2011, the protocol Zot has been named for the first time.[9] On May 12th, 2012, the initial commit of the platform software was made.[4] Blogging features, WebDAV, CalDAV and CardDAV, and also a range of content management tools were added.[10] On May 3rd, 2015, the platform software was renamed Hubzilla.[6] On December 4th, 2015, Hubzilla 1.0 was officially launched.[12] In 2016, the platform software was re-architected to support multiple server roles.[11] In 2017, the Zot protocol has undergone a major upgrade (named Zot 6) which includes the separation of the services and APIs. The integration of ActivityPub has been implemented into the platform software.[10] In 2018, the platform software is being prepared for the migration to Zot 6. System settings have been transformed into apps.[13] FeaturesHubzilla can be defined as a decentralized communication and publishing platform. Any server running Hubzilla is defined as a hub, which can function independently of any other hub in the network. Nomadic identitiesAn identity is called "channel" in Hubzilla. The Zot protocol allows it to be unbound from a single hub. In fact, it can exist as clones on more than one hub and update its current primary location and its content to the decentralised network. This allows the user to move his channel from one hub to an other or to have a backup of it when the current hub goes offline or when another hub provides better services.[14] Channels connect with each otherChannels are a core concept for the platform — in short, each channel is an activity stream of objects that can represent a specific action, such as a posting a status or uploading a photo. This stream can show both public and private activities, and a permissions system based on an Access control list determines which users can access a given entry. Each channel also contains a unique Webfinger address, for example https://example.com/channel/bob would be represented as bob@example.com. Ideally a channel relates to a certain topic, but it is up to the channel owner to post whatever information he feels like. However, with the notion of channels, it is possible to segment the information between categories and use different profiles to only make information about a user available to the people the user wants to.[14] A user is assigned to his first channel upon registration, but he can add as many channels as long as their number is lower than the limit set by the administrator of the hub. Each channel can connect to other channels. Connections can be managed and hidden from both sides. A connection allows the user to interact with posts from other channels as well as to post on the wall of other channels. Private messages and statuses can also be passed back-and-forth from one connected channel to another. MagicAuthMagicAuth is a type of in-browser encryption that grants access permissions on remote hubs. It solves the problem of federated social networks which usually are not able to visit each other's profiles and directly interact with it if both people are connected through different servers. Following use-case illustrates the mechanism of the solution:
Sharing data using the permissions frameworkAs a personal publishing system, Hubzilla can be used to share arbitrary data in its own cloud. "Different permissions can be given to the arbitrary data and it supports the WebDAV protocol to upload data to the cloud. This permission system does not only apply to content but also to channels itself. There are a lot of permission when one opens the advanced privacy settings of his channel."[14] Hubzilla supports the ability to display photos or images uploaded by a channel at once in an overview and to group photos together inside an album. The recent update (version 3.6) features a photo gallery. It supports the CalDAV and CardDAV protocols. Web pagesA channel can contain web pages based on a templating system. These are shared using the same permissions framework as described above. DirectoriesWith the function called Directories it is possible to search for channels that are located across all hubs and that have chosen to publish his channel to the global directory. [14] OpenIDHubzilla is able to function as an OpenID provider, allowing users to log into OpenID-enabled sites with their Hubzilla channels. Encryption of dataA hub administrator has no access to the login data of users, but he can block or delete users and channels.[14] The encryption of posts is possible in Hubzilla. Thus, encrypted posts are protected from being viewed by the hub administrator. Message consistencyHubzilla has, the same as Friendica, implemented an extra poller which polls the feeds once a day in case something went haywire during delivery (e.g. when a site was overloaded or when messages were dropped after a few attempts). This extra polling mechanism can fetch some of the messages that would be missed otherwise, but not all of them. The missed messages can still be viewed when one is authenticated on the hub of the author and visits the channel of this author.[14] Example of useThe Hospital Municipal Dr. Moyses Deutsch which is a large municipal government-funded general hospital (300 beds) located in the south of São Paulo City (M’Boi Mirim District) implemented and evaluated from July 2014 to July 2015 a Hubzilla based platform that links health providers at a public hospital to 18 primary care units (PCU) to improve communication among health services. The platform has been used in the following ways: i. The hospital sends an admission warning and a structured questionnaire on patient’s information to the PCU ii. The PCU manager responds with information about the patient iii. Hospital nurses enter the information in the patient’s electronic medical record iv. The hospital sends the discharge summary to the PCU The function of Hubzilla in this project was to host private communications among the health providers about their common patients. This shared information which flows through secure channels using the HTTP Secure (HTTPS) protocol ensures that patients’ information can only be accessed by the appropriate health professionals, whose identity is authenticated by their credentials (login and password).[15] ReceptionA peer-reviewed academic article from IEEE's Computer Based Medical Systems conference describes the use of Hubzilla/RedMatrix as an integration tool among health providers that serve a neighborhood of 600.000 people.[16] Hubzilla is mentioned on a list of softwares for preventing global data surveillance.[17] A scientific report published in 2015 says Hubzilla/Redmatrix "is currently most suited to be provided as an alternative to the current centralised social networks and [...] can be provided as a service by hosting providers. It has an efficient message distribution model, enhanced privacy features, and provides an unique feature named nomadic identities. [...] It is currently more mature than some of the other implementations and puts the user back in control of their data."[14] Hubzilla is the only open-source social network solution whose implementation of privacy is considered "Extensive" in a 2015 peer-reviewed survey paper.[18] Hubzilla appears as a case and recommendation in the chapter "Tendências democráticas e autoritárias, arquiteturas distribuídas e centralizadas" (freely translated as "Democratic and authoritarian tendencies, distributed and centralized architectures") in the book "Democracia Digital, Comunicação e Política em Redes" (freely translated as "Digital Democracy, Communication and Politics in Networks"), organised by the Digital Culture Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil.[19] A peer-reviewed academic article (in Portuguese) from the conference of the Latin American Network for Studies of Surveillance, Technology and Society highlights the importance of features unique to Redmatrix/Hubzilla in the struggle to recover privacy and decentralization of the Internet.[20] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=The Federation|url=https://the-federation.info/|language=en}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Fediverse|url=https://fediverse.party/|language=en}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Instances – Fediverse Network|url=https://fediverse.network/|language=en}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite web| last = friendica| title = initial commit (cd727cb2) · Commits · hubzilla / core| work = GitLab| accessdate = 2018-11-23| date = 2012-05-12| url = https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core/commit/cd727cb26b78a1dade09d510b071446898477356}} 5. ^{{Cite web| last = friendica| title = first cut at a new readme (328811c6) · Commits · hubzilla / core| work = GitLab| accessdate = 2018-11-23| date = 2013-05-08| url = https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core/commit/328811c6904fcf40297c7f41632a961b384be63f}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web| last = redmatrix| title = readme (7a63a88b) · Commits · hubzilla / core| work = GitLab| accessdate = 2018-11-23| date = 2015-05-05| url = https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core/commit/7a63a88bdfe4f783c31c2eff919b95d6953ae4d3}} 7. ^{{cite web|last1=Macgirvin|first1=Mike|title=Friendica Red - help us|url=http://friendica.com/node/51|website=Friendica|accessdate=21 March 2016}} 8. ^{{Cite news| last = Mühlbauer| first = Peter| title = Mastodon, Friendi.ca, Hubzilla, WeChat, Akasha {{!}} Telepolis| work = Telepolis| accessdate = 2018-10-31| date = 2018-04-10| url = https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Mastodon-Friendi-ca-Hubzilla-WeChat-Akasha-3742877.html}} 9. ^1 {{Cite web| last = friendika| title = zot scraper (180c15cd) · Commits · hubzilla / core| work = GitLab| accessdate = 2018-11-23| date = 2011-07-12| url = https://framagit.org/hubzilla/core/commit/180c15cdf86172edf58b071149e10af648ec90d4}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite web| last = Tilley| first = Sean| title = Got Zot — Mike Macgirvin| work = We Distribute| format = Blog| accessdate = 2018-10-31| date = 2017-10-10| url = https://medium.com/we-distribute/got-zot-mike-macgirvin-45287601ff19}} 11. ^1 {{Cite web| title = The history of Hubzilla| work = talkplus| format = Blog| accessdate = 2018-10-31| date = 2016| url = http://www.talkplus.org/blog/2016/the-history-of-hubzilla/}} 12. ^{{Cite web| last = Macgirvin| first = Mike| title = Hubzilla (1.0) release| accessdate = 2018-11-23| date = 2015-12-04| url = https://macgirvin.com/page/mike/hubzilla-1}} 13. ^{{Cite web| title = Hubzilla 3.8.3 veröffentlicht| work = Pro-Linux| accessdate = 2018-11-15| date = 2018-11-14| url = https://www.pro-linux.de/news/1/26494/hubzilla-383-veröffentlicht.html}} 14. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|last1=Miltenburg|first1=Wouter|title=Functional breakdown of decentralised social networks|url=https://homepages.staff.os3.nl/~delaat/rp/2014-2015/p16/report.pdf|language=en}} 15. ^{{Cite journal|last1=Bracco|first1=Marion Maia|last2=Mafra|first2=Ana Carolina Cintra Nunes|last3=Abdo|first3=Alexandre Hannud|last4=Colugnati|first4=Fernando Antonia Basile|last5=Dalla|first5=Marcello Dala Bernardina|last6=Demarzo|first6=Marcelo Marcos Piva|last7=Abrahamsohn|first7=Ises|last8=Rodrigues|first8=Aline Bacífico|last9=Delgado|first9=Ana Violeta Ferreira de Almeida|last10=dos Parzeres|first10=Glauber Alves|last11=Teixeira Jr|first11=José Carlos|last12=Possa|first12=Silvio|title=Implementation of integration strategies between primary care units and a regional general hospital in Brazil to update and connect health care professionals: a quasi-experimental study protocol|journal=BMC Health Services Research|volume=16|issue=1|pages=380|language=en|doi=10.1186/s12913-016-1626-9|pmid=27519520|pmc=4983016|year=2016}} 16. ^{{Cite book|last1=Abdo|first1=Alexandre Hannud|last2=Delgado|first2=Ana|last3=Mafra|first3=Ana|last4=Nascimento|first4=Tatiane Ocon|last5=Bracco|first5=Mario|title=Technology Enhanced Integration of Hospital and Primary Care in the M'boi Mirim Neighborhood of São Paulo City |pages=366–367|language=en|doi=10.1109/CBMS.2015.42|year=2015|isbn=978-1-4673-6775-2}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Hubzilla - Projects - PRISM Break|url=https://prism-break.org/en/projects/hubzilla/|language=en}} 18. ^{{Cite journal|last1=Islam|first1=Mohammad Badiul|last2=Iannella|first2=Renato|last3=Watson|first3=Jason|last4=Geva|first4=Shlomo|title=International Journal of Information Privacy, Security and Integrity (IJIPSI), Vol. 2, No. 2, 2015|journal=International Journal of Information Privacy, Security and Integrity|volume=2|issue=2|pages=102|language=en|doi=10.1504/IJIPSI.2015.075438|year=2015}} 19. ^{{cite web|last1=da Silva|first1=Sivaldo Pereira|last2=Bragatto|first2=Rachel Callai|last3=Sambaio (orgs.)|first3=Rafael Cardoso|title=Democracia Digital, Comunicação e Política em Redes " Teoria e prática|url=http://livro.democraciadigital.org.br/|language=pt-br}} 20. ^{{cite web|last1=Abdo|first1=Alexandre Hannud|title=DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO E CRIPTOGRAFIA NO COMBATE À VIGILÂNCIA E CONTROLE (Decentralization and cryptography in combating surveillance and control)|url=http://medialabufrj.net/download/lavits2015-anais/4/1.Resumo41.pdf|language=pt-br}} External links
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