Kosta Cukić 
1. Biography

2. Cukić's influence

3. References

The only problem with it now is that some of the language, especially in the Influence section, comes off a little promotional. Wikipedia strives for a neutral point of view, so saying things like "he was the best economist for nearly two-decades" isn't very neutral.

Tips:

1. Remove any language that isn't stating a fact that can be backed up. (Remove the promotional-sounding stuff)

2. Find references for your information.

Once those are done, this should be good to accept! Bkissin (talk) 17:06, 22 October 2018 (UTC)}}

Kosta Cukić

Konstantin "Kosta" Cukić (Kraljevo, 13 April 1826 - Vienna, 5 March 1879) was a Serbian economist and Minister of Finance during the reign of Prince Mihailo Obrenović.

Biography

Konstantin Lazarević Cukić was born in Karanovac, today's Kraljevo, on the 13 of April 1826, according to the old calendar. His father, Petar Lazarević, was the stepson of the Duke of the First Serbian Uprising, Pavle Cukić, a member of the Council, the highest legislative and administrative body in Serbia. Mother Ana was the daughter of the famous Duke Petar Nikolajević Moler, also of the First Serbian Uprising.^[1]

He finished elementary school in Karanovac and Kruševac and gymnasium in Kragujevac. He went to Vienna in 1838. In the beginning, he studied languages ​​and privately completed German high school. Here he started state science studies, whose central part, according to the concept of cameralism, was the economy. He then moved to Heidelberg and with Professor Karl Heinrich Rau, his mentor, completed "philosophical and political science" and gained the title of Doctor of Philosophy. The first group of Serbian state scholarship holders or blagodejanci, as they were officially called, went to Schemnitz and Vienna on the 15 of October 1839. In addition to the eleven selected young men (namely Konstantin Magazinović, Dimitrije Matić, Kosta Nikolajević, Filip Hristić, Đorđe Cenić, Dimitrije Crnobarac and others), the group was joined by Kosta Cukić, Sreten Popović, and Gliša Božić, who went to study abroad at their own expense.

After completing his studies, Cukić returned to Serbia in the spring of 1848 and received a professorship at Belgrade Lyceum, where he taught Political Economy, Finance, Trade Science and Economic Policy. He immediately became involved in the work of the Serbian Learned Society and became its secretary.

Cukić published his textbook on State Economy, entitled "The National Economy" (1851). This was followed by the third part, called Finance (1853), while the other part of the Economic Police was published only a decade later (1862), when Cukić was already the Minister of Finance.^[2]

It was Cukić and Dimitrije Matić who revitalized teaching at the Lyceum by bringing innovation into its operation, introducing various new methods of teaching with which they had become acquainted during their studies in the West. They began to teach their courses freely and tried to permeate them with liberal ideas.

It was Kosta Cukić who struck the foundations of the financial system of Serbia. He upgraded Serbia, made tax reforms and significantly increased the state budget. He formed the Fund Management, the first credit institution in the country, in 1862, considered the forerunner of the Serbian National Bank. He is responsible for the establishment of the monetary system of the Principality of Serbia.

The original proposal was that the national currency carry the name srbljak, but in the Assembly in 1873 the name Serbian dinar was adopted instead. The first mention of a "Serbian dinar" dates back to the reign of Stefan Nemanjić in 1214. Thus, Cukić's efforts led to the rebirth of a national currency. After five years, the Serbian dinar also received gold-backing.

As Minister of Education, the Belgrade Lyceum turned into Grandes écoles with three faculties (later more were added). He reorganized primary schools, gymnasiums and theology, founded a school and a higher female school. He promoted school programs and gave more places to natural and technical lessons. He further promoted music and art education in high school. The Society of Serbian Letters, which was abolished by Prince Mihailo on January 27, 1846, on the proposal of Kosta Cukić was re-established under the new name - Serbian Learned Society.

Cukić's influence

Cukić's influence on the Serbian audience was great. Many generations of Lyceum and Grandes écoles students were, directly or indirectly, Cukić's students as witnesses of his lectures, or as readers of his textbooks.

Kosta Cukić introduced a serious economic science to Serbia, which is his basic contribution. Thus, the Serbian economic science did not have to overcome the child's diseases of the gradual introduction of valid ideas, along with many wrong ones, but was immediately put on a solid foundation by Cukić's work.

The book "The State Economy of the Serbs" from the middle of the nineteenth century had to function almost as a stone of wisdom, because by its complexity and argumentation it overtook the ability to understand the educated educators themselves.^[3] This book was not an ordinary lexicon of facts, but an intellectually demanding work that required the reader to rise to the occasion of Western European heights.

Kosta Cukić was the best economist in Serbia for nearly two decades. From the end of the 1840s until the end of the 1860s, his authority was unprecedented. Only Čedomilj Mijatović gradually assumed the position of the leading Serbian economist. As Minister of Finance and Education, Cukić was the builder and driver of the modernization of Serbia.

References

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