| 词条 | Draft:NEXUS DEVELOPMENT SECURITY |
| 释义 |
The ‘’’ Nexus Development Security ‘’’ is the combination of the transitions in discourses in both fields of security and Development that has evolved individually; as well as the way they have encountered in their field of application. It can also be considered as a meeting point where researchers and professionals in the field of security as well as that of development agree to find common solutions to the problems caused by policy failures in development and human assistance. As Security become a subject of knowledge and a field of study, it found a new ground or issues link to the concept of Development. On the other hand, the concept of Development evolved to become “Sustainable Development”. This has led to the Emergence of concept such as Human Development and Human Security which encompasses many issues such as health, poverty, access to drinking water, food security just to name a few. The paradigm shift of the two disciplines will lead to changes of discourse and policies, both accentuated on the development of the human being as well as his well-being. In doing so, the two disciplines will often be interconnected when applying their public policies. It is also relevant to look at this linkage between Development and Security and how the evolution of one impact seriously the other in a sense they become interconnected. Nexus Development Security History ContextThe concept of security has evolved from National Security to Individual and Human security with the post-cold war that brought numerous transnational security issues. Before the cold war, it was divided between external and internal security, where the global world was perceived with a pacified inside and with the permanent state of war outside. The concept of security evolved in time and space and the post-cold war era witnessed a distinctive feature of the security landscape, the dividing line between internal and external became blurred due to the emergence of growing number of transnational risks and challenges. It’s became more complex with the contemporary challenges and the concept of security shifted from States to social security and human security. As put forward by BIGO Didier (2002), “Security and Immigration. Toward of Critique of the Governmentality of Unease”, Alternatives. Global, Local, Political, 7: 63-92 security has become conceptualized as a problematic that he called “a specific field of non- discursive practices”. In other words, rather than referring to some “objective, or purely material conditions”; by which certain issues become threatening, the security status of any subject is inter-subjectively constructed. This transformation in the field of security studies makes security becomes a global concern and assigns to it moral values as well as concerns related to human needs. We therefore talk about food security, health security, access to education and poverty alleviation, which are necessary for human dignity. There has been a similar evolution in the concept of development making it a broad and difficult to problematize without being linked to the different contemporary issues such as migration, terrorism, poverty and Free access to education around the globe. The New paradigm of sustainable development, is considering the human wellbeing as well as their needs on their top agenda, as opposed to the old discourse of development that was exclusively about promoting the industrialization and then the capitalism. This shift on the security discourses as well as on development, apparently, tend towards the same direction and they are interconnected. On the one hand, if the security is a requirement to achieve sustainable development, then on the other hand, development is dependent upon the condition of security. ReferencesDUFFIELD Mark (2010), “The Liberal Way of Development and the Development— Security Impasse: Exploring the Global Life-Chance Divide”, Security Dialogue, 41(1) : 53-76 |
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