“Draft:Physical Energy Motivation Resources”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The achievement of goals is heavily dependent on a very deciding factor: the resources necessary to compensate for their costs and ensure success. Each individual has their own set of motivation resources unique to them, and the possession and level/amount of these resources increase the probability of one satisfying a need or accomplishing a goal.^[1]. While there exists a number of types of motivational resources, physical energy resources are among the most familiar and straightforward to understand.

Role of glucose

Physical energy resources refer to natural assets used by the body in order to spur the completion of a task, satisfaction of a need, or achievement of a goal. The most prominent physical energy resource happens to be glucose (the most abundant simple sugar on Earth), which plays a vital role in energy metabolism as the most crucial energy source among all organisms. Humans obtain glucose in a number of ways, with the most common avenue being the digestion of carbohydrates in the different types of food that they eat. This glucose is then conserved and later used for brain and muscle processes. It can be assumed that possession of greater quantities of this resource would result in a greater pool of energy to use.

Background research

Motivation is directly proportional to the level of energy available to complete a task: an individual with high energy stores possess a greater likelihood to work toward and achieve their goals. Scientific research exists to support this claim, including a research experiment conducted by Bergström and associates^[2]. A study was conducted by setting participants on diets with a low, intermediate, and high amount of carbohydrates. Test subjects were then placed onto bicycle ergometers and presented with the motivational assignment to pedal until exhaustion. At the end of the study, high-carb participants were able to persist at their goal and pedal longer than their low-carb counterparts. The inference that goal achievement is boosted by available energy was strengthened by these findings.

Stroop task

In addition to Bergström’s studies, further research suggests more about glucose’s role in motivation and goal achievement. The Stroop task exists as a means to determine the correlation between the level of available glucose and mental task performance. An experiment conducted by Gaillilot and associates employed use of the Stroop task to adjust the availability of glucose for performance of tasks^[3]. Separate groups consisting of participants with depleted and untouched glucose levels were put through 80 trials under the Stroop task, and those with lower levels of glucose displayed poorer performances than those with higher levels. Additional study by Brandt also implies a correlation be higher levels of glucose and task performance. Brandt’s research also expounds on the advantageous effects of glucose ingestion on tasks requiring usage of the brain’s frontal lobe. Ingestion of glucose led to a noticeable reduction in participant reaction time during Stoop task trials, where the frontal lobe’s differentiation and attention regulation functions appeared to be boosted by an influx of glucose in the bloodstream (and subsequently for the brain to use for mental processing)^[4]

References

1. ^{{cite book |last1=Deckers |first1=Lambert |title=Motivation: Biological, Psychological, and Environmental |date=2013 |publisher=Pearson |location=New York |isbn=9780205941001 |page=317 |edition=4th}}
2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Bergström |first1=Jonas |last2=Hermansen |first2=Lars |last3=Hultman |first3=Eric |last4=Saltin |first4=Bengt |title=Diet, Muscle Glycogen and Physical Performance |journal=Acta Physiologica Scandinavica |date=October 1967 |volume=71 |issue=2–3 |pages=140–150 |doi=10.1111/j.1748-1716.1967.tb03720.x|pmid=5584523 }}
3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Gailliot |first1=Matthew T. |last2=Baumeister |first2=Roy F. |last3=DeWall |first3=C. Nathan |last4=Maner |first4=Jon K. |last5=Plant |first5=E. Ashby |last6=Tice |first6=Dianne M. |last7=Brewer |first7=Lauren E. |last8=Schmeichel |first8=Brandon J. |title=Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: Willpower is more than a metaphor. |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |date=2007 |volume=92 |issue=2 |pages=325–336 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.325|pmid=17279852 |citeseerx=10.1.1.337.3766 }}
4. ^{{cite journal |last1=Brandt |first1=Karen R |title=Differential Facilitative Effects of Glucose Administration on Stroop Task Conditions |journal=Behavioral Neuroscience |date=2013 |volume=127 |issue=6 |pages=932–5 |doi=10.1037/a0034930|pmid=24341717 }}